Kodi ma wheel wheel XNUMX ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?
Magalimoto,  Malangizo kwa oyendetsa,  nkhani,  Chipangizo chagalimoto,  Kugwiritsa ntchito makina

Что такое полный привод и как работает?

Woyendetsa galimoto akasankha galimoto yatsopano, chimodzi mwazizindikiro zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayang'aniridwa ndikayendetsa mtundu wanji womwe akuti "amakonda". Pali malingaliro okhazikika pakati pa oyendetsa galimoto kuti galimoto yabwino iyenera kukhala ndi 4x4 chip.

Popeza kutchuka kwa magalimoto othamangitsa onse, opanga makina opanga magalimoto amapanga magalimoto oyenda pamsewu ndi ma crossovers pamizere yamsonkhano, momwe kufalitsa kumathandizira kutsata magudumu onse. Taganizirani zosintha za makinawa, ndipo koposa zonse: kodi ndizotheka kukhala ndi galimoto yoyendetsa magudumu onse?

Ndi zinayi-gudumu pagalimoto

Kuyendetsa konseko kumatanthauza galimoto yomwe mawilo onse akuyendetsa. Makokedwewo amagawidwa mofananamo ndi kufalitsa, komwe kumapangitsa makina kuwonjezeka.

Kodi ma wheel wheel XNUMX ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kuyendetsa magudumu onse kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi owonjezera omwe amapatsira mphamvu kugudumu lililonse. Poterepa, ma axles onse agalimoto amagwira ntchito. Chipangizochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zitsanzo zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatha kuthana ndi msewu. Komabe, si zachilendo kuti galimoto wamba yonyamula ikhale ndi mbale ya Quattro kapena 4x4 yosilira pa chivindikiro cha thunthu.

Mitundu ndi mitundu yamagudumu onse

Ngakhale pali zosintha zambiri zamagalimoto otengera magudumu onse, pali zazikulu ziwiri zokha. Amasiyana wina ndi mzake m'njira yolumikizira yolumikizira. Taganizirani mitundu iwiri yoyendetsa, komanso ma subspecies ofala kwambiri.

Yosungika (ganyu)

Ndi kusakhulupirika, mu nkhani iyi, galimoto adzakhala ndi kutsogolo-gudumu pagalimoto, ndipo kawirikawiri - kumbuyo-gudumu pagalimoto. Kuyatsa 4wd pogwiritsa ntchito lever pa chosankha bokosi kapena batani pa kontrakitala.

Uku ndiye kusiyanasiyana kosavuta kwamtundu woyendetsa. Zake zapadera ndizosavuta kupanga. Kamera yolumikizira imayikidwa mu gearbox. Imagwirizanitsa olamulira achiwiri. Makinawa akamagwira ntchito, mawilo onse amalandira mphamvu kuchokera ku gearbox. Woyendetsa amayendetsa galimoto yamagudumu anayi.

Kodi ma wheel wheel XNUMX ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Ngakhale makinawa ndiosavuta, ali ndi zovuta zina. Magudumu anayi amatha kungoyenda pamisewu yosakhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, dalaivala akawona mchenga kapena matope patsogolo pa galimotoyo, amafunika kusunthira kolowera pamalo oyenera.

Dongosololi silingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachangu, chifukwa siligwiritsa ntchito masiyanidwe apakati. Pachifukwa ichi, zolembedwera (ndi chiyani komanso ndizovuta zina, werengani m'nkhani yapadera) adzavutikanso kwambiri pomwe dalaivala amaiwala kuyimitsa galimotoyo mumsewu wapata. Izi ziwononga kufala.

Makinawa (Makinawa 4WD)

Ichi ndi analogi yodziwikiratu yopatsirana yam'mbuyomu. Amayendetsa pakompyuta. Kapangidwe ka chipangizocho chimagwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira cha viscous chokhudzana ndi zamagetsi zamagalimoto.

Galimoto ikagunda pamsewu wosakhazikika, imodzi kapena mawilo oyendetsa onse amayamba kuterera. Makinawo amakanika pakusintha kosakanikirana kwa chitsulo choyendetsa ndikuyendetsa chitsulo chachiwiri.

Kodi ma wheel wheel XNUMX ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kutumizaku kwawonetsa kukwaniritsidwa kokwanira m'matope, matalala kapena mchenga. Komabe, kusinthaku kuli ndi vuto lalikulu: popanda kuthamangitsidwa kwa gudumu, makina olamulira sangagwirizane ndi dongosololi.

Chosavuta china ndikutenthedwa pafupipafupi kwa kulumikizana kwa viscous. Pachifukwa ichi, kuyendetsa sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito panjira kwa nthawi yayitali. Mitundu ina yamagalimoto imakhala ndi loko pogwiritsa ntchito batani.

Kuyendetsa galimoto nthawi zonse (4WD yanthawi zonse)

Kutumiza kotereku kumasiyana ndi koyambirira chifukwa ma axel onsewa amachita zinthu mosalekeza. Kuti muchepetse katundu pachokhacho ndikusinthira kukhazikika kwa makina pa phula losalala, kapangidwe kake kamagwiritsa ntchito masiyanidwe apakati. Izi zimakwaniritsa kusiyanasiyana kwa magudumu osiyanasiyana.

Kupereka kuthekera kokulira kwamtunda, ili ndi mabatani otsekera. Off-msewu, dalaivala akhoza logwirana masiyanidwe mtanda chitsulo chogwira matayala (limagwirira limafotokoza apa), komanso mgwirizano wokulitsa pakati pa ma axles. Njirayi imayambitsidwa mwanjira zokhazokha kapena pamanja.

Kodi ma wheel wheel XNUMX ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Magalimoto ambiri amakono amakhala ndi mtundu wamagudumu onsewa. Iwo ali ndi kuthekera kwabwino kopita kumtunda, ndipo nawonso sachedwa kutengeka. Ngati galimoto ili ndi zotchinga pamanja, onetsetsani kuti mumayiyambitsa musanathetse dothi ndi magawo ena amisewu. Kuti mumve zambiri zamtundu wosiyana, anauzidwa mosiyana.

Makina oyendetsa magudumu anayi (Selectable 4WD)

Kusinthaku kwaphatikizira zabwino zamitundu yonse yam'mbuyomu. Iwo kumatha zofooka zonse basi ndi Buku masiyanidwe loko njira, komanso amalola dalaivala kukonzekera galimoto ulendo pa malo enaake. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani mawonekedwe oyenera pa osankhira mabokosi, ndipo zamagetsi zizichita zonse palokha.

Kodi ma wheel wheel XNUMX ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Chokhacho chomwe chingayimitse woyendetsa galimoto asanagule galimoto yamagudumu amtunduwu yonse ndi mtengo wake wokwera. Kuphatikiza apo, pakadali pano, muyenera kusewera patsogolo: kuwonjezera pa mtengo wa makinawo, muyenera kuzindikira kuti iyeneranso kuthandizidwa.

Magudumu anayi: kapangidwe kake ndi magwiridwe ake

Nthawi zambiri, pamsika wamagalimoto mumatha kupeza mitundu yomwe imayika zolumikizira zowoneka bwino. Chipangizocho chimaphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:

  • Pali kusiyana pakati pa mawilo a chitsulo chachikulu;
  • Malo ochezera - atha kukhala osankha zokha kapena buku;
  • Kusiyanitsa kulipilira kasinthasintha pakati pama axles;
  • Cardan kutsinde;
  • Choka mlandu ndi zida chachikulu cha chitsulo chogwira matayala yachiwiri;
  • Viscous zowalamulira.

Ngati galimoto ndiyotsogola-yoyenda mwachisawawa, ndiye kuti injini ndi bokosi lomwe lili mkati mwake zizikhala mthupi lonse. Pankhani yoyendetsa gudumu kumbuyo, mayunitsiwa amakhala pafupi ndi thupi. Maonekedwe ndi kapangidwe kazinthu zolumikizidwa pamzere wachiwiri zimatengera izi.

Pakayendetsa magudumu anayi, cholembera chimagawa nthawi yomweyo pagudumu lililonse lolumikizana, kuti zisagwe. Pamene liwiro lakuchotsera likugwira, torque imakulitsidwa, zomwe zimathandiza kuti galimoto igonjetse magawo ovuta a njirayo.

Kodi ma wheel wheel XNUMX ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Njirayi imagwira ntchito motere. Galimotoyo imatumiza makina oyenda kupita ku clutch (ngati kufalitsa pamanja) kapena chosinthira makokedwe (ngati atumiza basi). Malinga ndi liwiro la kayendedwe (ndi bwino kugonjetsa msewu mu zida woyamba) makokedwe akulowa kutengerapo mlandu, amene anatembenuka ndi aziwapatsa mawilo pagalimoto. Ntchitoyi ikuchitika kudzera mwa Cardan (momwe ntchitoyi idafotokozedwera  kale pang'ono).

Ndi magalimoto anayi ati omwe ali bwino

Kusintha kwamanja kwa PP sikumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwenikweni pagalimoto zopangidwa ndi anthu ambiri. Amapangidwira zida zapadera. Njira yofala kwambiri ndikulumikiza kwokhazikika kwa olamulira achiwiri. Itha kugwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira chowoneka bwino kapena zamagetsi, zomwe zimalemba kuwerengera kwa magudumu.

Kodi ma wheel wheel XNUMX ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito galimotoyo pamaulendo akunyumba, ndibwino kuti musagwedezeke ndikugula mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri - Selectable 4WD. Ikuthandizani kuti mugwiritse ntchito galimotoyo panjinga ngati galimoto wamba, komanso mukamayendetsa kunja kwachitetezo chapamwamba - ngati galimoto yapaulendo.

Simuyenera kugula galimoto yotereyi pamfundo "ya wozimitsa moto aliyense" - uku ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mopanda nzeru. Poterepa, zingakhale zofunikira kugula galimoto yokhala ndi cholumikizira chowoneka bwino.

Phindu loyendetsa magudumu onse

Kodi ma wheel wheel XNUMX ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Ndiye ndichifukwa chiyani magalimoto a XNUMXWD amadziwika kwambiri (ngakhale magalimoto okwera)? Nazi zina mwamaubwino ofalitsa awa omwe oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri amakonda:

  • Galimoto imathamanga kwambiri m'misewu yosakhazikika, mwachitsanzo, mvula yamvula, ayezi kapena chisanu chodzaza;
  • Mukamayendetsa mokwera, dalaivala sadzadandaula kuti msewu ndi woterera;
  • Ngakhale magalimoto oyenda kutsogolo, osadandaula za kuyendetsa kumbuyo komwe sangadzitamande chifukwa chakuyenda bwino mtunda;
  • Chifukwa chokhazikika kwamayendedwe, galimoto imakhazikika pakhotakhota;
  • Ngakhale galimoto yaying'ono yokhala ndi injini yaying'ono ingakhale ndi kuthamanga koyerekeza poyerekeza ndi galimoto yofananira yoyendetsa limodzi.

Kuipa kwa 4x4 pagalimoto

Kodi ma wheel wheel XNUMX ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Musanasankhe mtundu wa 4wd, muyenera kuganizira zovuta zina:

  • Galimoto yamagudumu onse idzakhala yotsika mtengo kwambiri, ndipo uku sikukutsatsa, koma chifukwa chachilengedwe, popeza pali njira zina zopangira zovuta pakuyendetsa;
  • Kusamalira magalimoto otere kumakhala okwera mtengo kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa ntchito yachizolowezi, ifunikanso kuwunika kwa ma gearbox ena owonjezera, ndalama zosamutsira kuti mukhale ndi moyo wagawo. Pakakhala kuwonongeka kwadongosolo, mwiniwakeyo amafunika kulipira ndalama kuti akonzedwe okwera mtengo;
  • Poyerekeza ndi analogue, pagalimoto yoyenda kutsogolo kokha, magalimoto oterewa ndi "osusuka". Nthawi zambiri izi zimagwiranso ntchito kuma SUV athunthu, komabe, magalimoto okwera omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana nawonso awonjezera mafuta.

Pomaliza, tikupereka kanema ngati kuli koyenera kugula crossover yamagudumu onse kapena ndibwino kukhala okhutira ndi zoyendetsa kutsogolo:

Kutsogolo kapena kuyendetsa konse kwa crossover. Zomwe zili bwino, zabwino ndi zoyipa zake. Zovuta kwambiri

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi dzina la magudumu anayi ndi chiyani? Kufotokozera mtundu wa galimoto pamagalimoto amakono, zolembera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: FWD (kutsogolo), RWD (kumbuyo) ndi AWD (yathunthu). Magudumu anayi amathanso kutchedwa 4x4.

Kodi magudumu anayi amagwira ntchito bwanji? Torque imapita ku gearbox. kukakamiza kumagawidwa pamodzi ndi nkhwangwa pogwiritsa ntchito chotengera chosinthira. Mawilo akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo amayendetsedwa ndi ma cardan shafts.

Kodi ma wheel drive ndi chiyani? Kuyendetsa magudumu anayi ndi kothandiza pazigawo zosakhazikika zamisewu monga matope, matalala, ayezi kapena mchenga. Chifukwa chakuti mawilo onse 4 amayendetsedwa, makinawa ndi osavuta kuyendetsa.

Ndemanga imodzi

  • Franky

    Kwa amene adalemba bwino nkhaniyi koma kuti atengepo kanthu, sitikunena kuti "gudumu lakumaso" koma kungoti amangokoka ndi kuyendetsa kumbuyo sikolondola ndiye "kuyendetsa" magudumu akutsogolo "kokerani" galimoto yomwe matola ake ndi magudumu akumbuyo "amakankhira" galimotoyo kuchokera "poyendetsa" kupita kwa Womvera Wabwino

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