Madzi "I". Musalole kuti mafuta aziundana!
Kapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Kunena zowona, tikuwona kuti pakukhazikitsa mutha kupeza mitundu iwiri yamadzi otere okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana pang'ono:
- Zamadzimadzi "Ine" (opanga - Kemerovo OAO PO "Khimprom", Nizhny Novgorod, chizindikiro "Volga-Mafuta").
- Zamadzimadzi "IM" (wopanga - CJSC "Zarechye").
Kapangidwe ka zakumwazi ndi kosiyana. Zamadzimadzi "I" zili ndi ethyl cellosolve, isopropanol ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera zomwe zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwapamwamba. The madzi "I-M" ali ofanana kufanana ethyl cellosolve ndi methanol. Zigawo zonse (kupatulapo surfactants) ndi poizoni kwambiri, zonse mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi komanso mu mawonekedwe a nthunzi.
Zamadzimadzi "Ine" mafuta dizilo amapangidwa malinga ndi luso luso OST 53-3-175-73-99 ndi TU 0257-107-05757618-2001. Pakati pa eni magalimoto a dizilo (makamaka magalimoto olemera) amatengedwa ngati m'malo mwa ma anti-gel odziwika bwino ochokera ku LIQUI MOLY, Alaska kapena HIGH GEAR, omwe amalepheretsa kukulitsa mafuta a dizilo pa kutentha kochepa.
Zizindikiro zazikulu zogwirira ntchito:
- Maonekedwe: madzi oonekera pang'ono achikasu onunkhira.
- Kachulukidwe kutentha kwa chipinda: 858…864 kg/m3.
- Mlozera wowoneka bwino: 1,36 ... 1,38.
- Gawo lalikulu la madzi: osapitirira 0,4%.
- Corrosivity: palibe.
Zamadzimadzi zonse ziwiri zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti zimasinthasintha kwambiri komanso zimatha kuyaka.
Njira yogwirira ntchito
Powonjezera zakumwa za "I" ku mafuta, zowonjezera zowonjezera zimaperekedwa, zomwe zimasungidwa mpaka kutentha kwa -50.ºC. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kusungunuka kwa makristasi a ayezi mu mafuta a dizilo kumawonjezeka, ndipo ndi chinyezi chambiri mumafuta, izo, kusakanikirana ndi zowonjezera, zimapanga njira yothetsera, yomwe imadziwika ndi kuzizira kochepa.
M'malo otentha akutsika, zakumwa "I" ndi "I-M" zimalepheretsanso kupanga condensate pansi pa akasinja amafuta. Chotsatira cha zochita zawo ndi emulsification wa hydrocarbons zili mu mafuta ndi mowa njira. Chifukwa chake, madzi aulere amamangiriza kumafuta ndipo samapanga zotsekera mumizere yamafuta. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, ngakhale kuti zakumwa zonsezi zimaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera ku mafuta a galimoto (osati dizilo, komanso mafuta), cholinga chachikulu cha "I" ndi "I-M" ndi chowonjezera ku mafuta a ndege a helikopita. ndi injini za ndege. Kumeneko amachepetsa mpata wa kuzizira kwa zosefera pa kutentha kwakukulu kwambiri..
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kwa nyimbozi ndi kosafunika: zimalepheretsa mafuta a parafini, chifukwa cha paraffin particles coagulate mu kuyimitsidwa. Zotsatira zake, mafuta a dizilo amachepetsedwa kwambiri.
Malangizo ogwiritsidwa ntchito
Mlingo wa kuyambitsa zowonjezera kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wakunja. Ngati sichidutsa -20ºC, ndalama zovomerezeka ndi 0,1% ya mafuta onse a dizilo mu thanki. Ndi kuchepa kwina kwa kutentha, mlingowo umawirikiza kawiri. Kuchuluka kovomerezeka kwa zowonjezera ndi 3%; Kuwonjezeka kwina kwa ndende ya zakumwa "I" ndi "I-M" mu mafuta a dizilo zidzasokoneza ntchito ya injini ya galimoto. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito "I" kapena "I-M" tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mopitirira muyeso amachepetsa kutentha kwamafuta.
Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kachulukidwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kubaya zakumwa mu thanki yamafuta pamene mukuwonjezera mafuta, pogwiritsa ntchito dispenser yapadera. Mungathe kuchita mosiyana - choyamba, gwiritsani ntchito syringe kuti mulowetse madzi okwanira, ndiyeno mugwiritse ntchito mfuti yodzaza.
Reviews
Ndemanga za ogwiritsira ntchito ndizotsutsana, mwiniwake wa galimoto aliyense amayesa mphamvu ya anti-water crystallization compounds pothandiza injini inayake. Mwachitsanzo, kwa magalimoto olemera dizilo (mathirakitala, ofukula, magalimoto olemera), ntchito "I" ndi "I-M" anazindikira kuti ogwira, makamaka ngati pazifukwa zina injini anadzazidwa ndi "chilimwe" mafuta dizilo. Kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito a zosefera kumazindikirika makamaka: zimatsimikiziridwa kuti "I" kapena "I-M" ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuposa ma antigel ambiri ochokera kunja.
Ogwiritsanso akuwonetsa kuti zakumwa zonsezi ndi zapoizoni: zimakwiyitsa nembanemba ya mucous, zimayambitsa chizungulire ngati nthunzi imakokedwa mosasamala (komabe, zonsezi zikuwonetsedwa pazolemba zomwe zili patsamba lino, chifukwa chake izi ndizomwe muyenera kusamala nazo).
Mwachidule, kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto yanu pa tsiku lotentha lachisanu ndi mafuta a chilimwe odzaza mwangozi, kukhala ndi chidebe cha "I" madzimadzi kudzakupulumutsirani chiopsezo choyimitsa ndi injini yoyimitsidwa pakati pa msewu waukulu. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikutsanulira madzi okwanira mu thanki, dikirani 20 ... mphindi 30, ndiyeno yambani injini. Ndipo ndithudi mudzakhala ndi mwayi.
