Chipangizo ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito yolumikizira

Kapangidwe kazinthu zina zamagalimoto zikuphatikizira zowalamulira zambiri. Makamaka, ndi gawo limodzi la jenereta. Tsopano tikambirana za mtundu wa limagwirira, pamfundo yomwe igwire, ndi kuwonongeka kotani, komanso momwe mungasankhire clutch yatsopano.

Kodi chosinthira cha freewheel ndi chiyani

Musanazindikire chifukwa chake gawoli lili mu jenereta, muyenera kusanthula mawu ena pang'ono. Monga ntchito yodziwika bwino ya Wikipedia ikufotokozera, clutch yodzaza ndi njira yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wosamutsa torque kuchokera pa shaft imodzi kupita pa ina. Koma ngati shaft yoyendetsedwa imayamba kuzungulira mofulumira kuposa kuyendetsa, mphamvuyo siyiyenda kwina.

Kusintha kosavuta kwa njira zotere kumagwiritsidwa ntchito panjinga (chidutswa zisanu chomwe chimayikidwa kumbuyo kwa magudumu kapena mbewa zamasewera). Mitengo ikamavutika maganizo, cholumikizira chimayambitsidwa ndipo chowombera chimayamba kuyendetsa gudumu. Mukamasuka ndiwolowera, mwachitsanzo mukamatsika, makina othamangitsidwayo amayambitsidwa ndipo makokedwe a gudumu sagwiritsidwa ntchito pazoyikapo.

Makina omwewo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu magudumu. Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti m'magalimoto akale ambiri izi sizinaperekedwe. Ndikukula kwa mphamvu ya injini yoyaka yamkati, katundu wa wopanga magalimoto adayamba kuchuluka. Kukhazikitsa freewheel clutch kumawonjezera nthawi yogwira ntchito ya lamba wanyengo (izi zidafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani ina) kapena kuyendetsa kwamagetsi komweko.

Kukhalapo kwa chinthu chodzigudubuza mu chida choyendetsa jenereta kumapereka malire pakati pazosintha za crankshaft (kuchokera pamenepo, makokedwewo amafalikira kudzera pa lamba wa nthawi kuzinthu zonse, komanso kudzera pa lamba wosiyana ndi jenereta) ndi shaft yoyendetsedwa ya gwero la mphamvu. Injini yomwe ili mgalimoto ikuyenda, ndi jenereta yemwe amakhala gwero lalikulu lamagetsi, ngakhale magetsi oyendetsa galimoto amayendetsedwa ndi batri. Pomwe gawo lamagetsi likuyenda, batire imadzazidwanso ndikupanga magetsi kuchokera ku jenereta.

Tiyeni tiwone cholinga cha cholumikizira chaulere.

Chifukwa chiyani mukufunikira chowongolera chambiri

Monga oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri amadziwa, magetsi m'galimoto pomwe makina oyaka amkati amagwiritsidwa ntchito posamutsa torque kuchokera pa crankshaft kupita pagalimoto ya jenereta. Sitikupita kuzovuta za chipangizocho - mwatsatanetsatane za chifukwa chomwe makina amafunikira jenereta ndi ntchito yake, timauzidwa kubwereza kwina.

Magulu amakono amakono amasiyana ndi mitundu yakale ndi kututuma kwamphamvu kopangidwa ndi crankshaft. Izi zimatchulidwa makamaka mu injini za dizilo, kuyambira ndi zomwe zimagwirizana ndi chilengedwe cha Euro4 komanso kupitilira apo, popeza ngakhale kuthamanga kwambiri injini zotere zimakhala ndi makokedwe apamwamba. Chifukwa cha ichi, pulley yoyendetsa siyiyenda mofanana mofanana ndi momwe zimakhalira pamene oyambitsa ayamba kuyendetsa galimoto panthawi yoyamba.

Kugwedezeka kwambiri kwa ZOWONJEZERA kumabweretsa chakuti lamba nthawi anayamba gwero pambuyo makilomita pafupifupi 30. Komanso, mphamvu izi zimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito a crank limagwirira. Kuti muchite izi, ndege yoyendera pamagetsi imayikidwa pagalimoto zambiri (kuti mumve zambiri za momwe gawo ili limasiyanirana ndi analogue wamba, werengani apa), komanso damper pulley.

Akamanena za zowalamulira ndi kuonetsetsa kuti galimoto sadzapeza katundu zina pamene kusintha kwa mode wina. Izi zimachitika dalaivala akasintha zida. Pakadali pano, pakhosi la gasi limamasulidwa ndipo zowalamulira ndizopsinjika. Injini imachedwetsa mphindikati. Chifukwa cha mphamvu yosagwira ntchito, shaft ya jenereta ikupitilizabe kuzungulira nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa chaichi, zimakhala zofunikira kuthetsa kusiyana pakati pa kasinthasintha kwa zoyendetsa ndi zoyendetsa.

Pomwe injini yoyaka yamkati ikukwera liwiro loyenera kuyendetsa jenereta, shaft yamagetsi imatha kuzungulira mosasunthika palokha. Kuyanjanitsa kwa kusinthasintha kwa zinthu izi kumachitika panthawi yomwe crankshaft imazungulira mpaka liwiro lofunikira ndipo makina oyendetsera jenereta abwezeretsedwanso.

Kukhalapo kwa damper freewheel limathandizira kuti lamba akhale otetezeka (posintha magwiridwe antchito a mota, ma torque ma torque sanapangidwe). Chifukwa cha izi, m'makina amakono, zida zogwirira ntchito za lamba zitha kufika kale makilomita 100 zikwi.

Kuphatikiza pa jenereta, zowonjezerazo zitha kukhazikitsidwa muzosintha zina zoyambira (kuti mumve zambiri za chida chawo komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito, werengani payokha). Njirayi imayikidwanso pamakina otsogola otsogola ndi torque converter. Nthawi zonsezi, makokedwewo amayenera kutumizidwa mbali imodzi, ndipo mbali inayo, kulumikizana kuyenera kusokonezedwa. Izi ndizofunikira kuti zida zisagwe ndipo sizivutika ndi kugwedezeka komwe kumapangidwa panthawi yomwe injini imagwira ntchito.

Ubwino wa njirazi ndi monga:

1. Palibe chifukwa chowonjezera owongolera kuti ayimitse kuyendetsa kuchokera kwa wotsatira (osayendetsa, osatseka zamagetsi, ndi zina zambiri). Chipangizocho chimadzitchinga chokha ndikudula popanda kufunika koyang'anira izi.
2. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kosavuta, njira momwe malonda amagwiritsidwira ntchito sakhala ovuta ndi othandizira osiyanasiyana. Izi zimapangitsa kukonza kwa mayunitsi kukhala kosavuta pang'ono, ngati kuti ali ndi zida zamagetsi zowonjezera, zomwe sizingagwire bwino ntchito.

Momwe zowalamulira zimagwirira ntchito

Ngakhale kuti pali mitundu ingapo ya zida zowonekera, zonse zimakhala ndi machitidwe ofanana. Makina othamanga amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani opanga magalimoto. Tiyeni tikambirane mfundo za momwe makinawo amagwirira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito kusinthaku monga chitsanzo.

Ntchito yomangayi ili ndi magawo awiri. Gawo limodzi lolumikizirana limayikidwa pagalimoto, ndipo linalo pamtondo woyendetsedwa. Gawo loyendetsa la lumikiza likazungulira mozungulira, mphamvu yolimbana imasunthira ma roller (omwe ali m'mabowo pakati pazigawo za theka la zophatikirazo) kulowa mbali yopapatiza ya makinawo. Chifukwa cha ichi, mphero ya makinawo imapangidwa, ndipo gawo loyendetsedwa limayamba kuzungulira ndi kuyendetsa.

Kutembenuka kwa shaft yoyendetsa kumachedwetsa, kuphatika kwa shaft yoyendetsedwa kumapangidwa (imayamba kuzungulira pafupipafupi kuposa gawo loyendetsa). Pakadali pano, odzigudubuza amasunthira mbali yayikulu yazithunzi, ndipo mphamvuyo siyimabwera mbali inayo, popeza zophatikizira zimasiyana.

Monga mukuwonera, gawo ili lili ndi njira yosavuta yogwirira ntchito. Imatumiza mayendedwe ozungulira mbali imodzi, ndi mipukutu yokhayo mbali inayo. Chifukwa chake, malonda amatchedwanso freewheel.

Chipangizo ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu

Taganizirani za cholumikizira cholumikizira. Kusinthidwa kumeneku kumakhala ndi:

• Khola lakunja (mkati mwake pakhoza kukhala mabowo apadera pakhoma);
• Khola lamkati lokhala ndi ziyerekezo;
• Akasupe angapo ophatikizidwa ndi khola lakunja (kupezeka kwawo kumadalira mawonekedwe ake). Amakankhira ma roller kunja kuti chipangizocho chigwire ntchito mwachangu;
• Makina oyendetsa (chida chomenyerana ndi chipangizocho), chomwe chimasunthira gawo laling'ono, chimangirira mbali zonse ziwiri, ndipo zowalamulira zimazungulira.

Chithunzichi m'munsimu chikuwonetsa kujambula kwa chimodzi mwazosintha za mabatani a freewheel.

Gawoli limalowetsa m'malo ena osinthira pulley. Mphamvu yamagetsi payokha siyosiyana ndi mtundu wakale. Kusiyanitsa kokha ndikuti ulusi upangidwira pamtengo wa mtundu woterewu. Mothandizidwa ndi coupling mwamphamvu Ufumuyo pagalimoto jenereta. Chotulutsa cholumikizira cholumikizira magetsi chimodzimodzi ndi mtundu wa jenereta wapakale - kudzera m'lamba la nthawi.

Galimoto ikasinthira liwiro locheperako, mphamvu yofulumira ya shaft yamphamvu yama jenereta siyipanga runout mu lamba, yomwe imawonjezera moyo wake wogwira ntchito, ndikupangitsa ntchito yamagetsi kukhala yunifolomu yambiri.

Mitundu yambiri yolumikizana yolumikizana

Chifukwa chake, makina amtundu wa freewheel amaloleza ozungulira a jenereta kuti aziyenda momasuka chifukwa chakusamutsa mphamvu kuchokera pa crankshaft. Pachifukwa ichi, chofunikira ndikuthamanga kwambiri kwa shaft yoyendetsa - pokhapokha pankhaniyi makinawo adzatsekedwa, ndipo shaft yamagetsi imatha kumasuka.

Zoyipa zosinthidwa ndi roller ndi:

1. Ntchito zosatsika;
2. Nkhwangwa zoyendetsa ndi zokuzira zimayenderana bwino;
3. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zokugudubuza (monga zonyamula), malonda amafunikira mwatsatanetsatane pakupanga, chifukwa chake, lathe yolondola kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Pokhapokha ngati izi ndizotheka kukwaniritsa ma geometry abwino azinthu zonse za chipangizocho;
4. Sangakonzedwe kapena kusintha.

Mtundu wa ratchet uli ndi mapangidwe ofanana. Kusiyana kokha ndikuti mano amapangidwa mkati mwa khola lakunja, ndipo chinthu chosemphana chimayimiriridwa ndi zipolopolo, zomwe zimakhazikika mbali imodzi mpaka khola lamkati, ndipo mbali inayo ndizodzaza masika. Gawo loyendetsa la cholumikizira likazungulira, zikhomozo zimapuma pamano a khola, ndikulumikizana kumatsekedwa. Pakangosiyana kusiyanasiyana kwakuthamanga kwazitsulo, zikhomo zimatsika ndi mfundo ya ratchet.

Mwachilengedwe, kusinthidwa kwachiwiri kuli ndi maubwino angapo pamtundu wodzigudubuza. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti kusinthidwa koteroko kumapereka kukhazikika kolimba kwa magawo awiriwo. Kuphatikiza kwina kwa mtundu wa ratchet ndikuti kumatha kukonzedwa, koma mtundu wodzigudubuza sungathe.

Ngakhale kudalilika kwakukulu, zomata za ratchet sizikhala zopanda zovuta. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Impact zotsatira panthawi yomwe zowalamulira zatsekedwa. Izi ndichifukwa choti agalu mwadzidzidzi amalimbana ndi mano a theka lakunja. Pazifukwa izi, ma ratchets sagwira ntchito mu mayunitsi othamanga kwambiri shaft shaft.
• Pogwira, zowalamulira zimatulutsa mawonekedwe (agalu amaterera pamano). Ngati chipangizocho chimagunda shaft yoyendetsedwa, zipolopolo kapena mano omwe amagwiritsa ntchito (kutengera chitsulo chomwe agwiritsa ntchito) amatha. Zowona, lero pali kusintha kwakanthawi kwamakola opitilira muyeso omwe amagwira ntchito modekha chifukwa chakuti pamene agonjera agalu samakhudza mano.
• Kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kutseka / kutsegula pafupipafupi, zinthu za makinawa zimatha msanga.

Kuti mumadziwe nokha kuti ndi pulley iti yomwe imayikidwa pa jenereta yagalimoto inayake, ingoyang'anani pa phiri lake. Zowalamulira zowopsa sizitetezedwa ndi mtedza wotsekera pamakina a makina. Koma mumagalimoto amakono mulibe malo ambiri omasuka pansi pa nyumbayo, chifukwa chake sizotheka nthawi zonse kuganizira mtundu wa pulley ya pulley yomwe ili nayo (njira yokhala ndi freewheel clutch nthawi zambiri imangoyenda kutsinde). Makina opanga magudumu omwe ali ndi makina omwe amafunsidwa amatsekedwa ndi chivundikiro chakuda (nyumba yosanja), amisiri ambiri amadziwitsa mtundu wa jenereta yoyendetsa pachikuto ichi.

Zizindikiro zosagwira bwino ntchito zowalamulira

Popeza chipangizochi chimayenda nthawi zonse, kuwonongeka kwake si kwachilendo. Zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera zimaphatikizanso kuipitsidwa kwa makinawo (kuyesa kuthana ndi mphanda wakuya, wakuda) kapena kuvala kwachilengedwe. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chiwongolero chochulukirapo chitha kutsekedwa kwathunthu kapena kuyimitsidwa kwa magawo olumikizirana sangachitike.

N'zotheka kudziwa kuwonongeka kwa clutch yovuta chifukwa cha zovuta mu jenereta. Chifukwa chake, ndikulumpha kwakuthwa pakusintha kwa crankshaft (dalaivala akukanikiza kwambiri pakhosi la gasi, ndikusintha kwakusintha), zophatikizika zimatha kuphulika. Poterepa, ngakhale odzigudubuza asunthira mbali yocheperako ya chipangizocho, chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwakukulu, amangoterera. Zotsatira zake, crankshaft imazungulira, ndipo jenereta imasiya kugwira ntchito (makokedwe amasiya kuyenderera kutsinde lake).

Ndi kuwonongeka koteroko (zophatikizira sizimachita), gwero lamagetsi limasiya kupanga magetsi kapena silikubwezeretsanso batri, ndipo makina onse amagetsi amayendetsedwa ndi batiri. Kutengera magawo a batri motere, makina amatha kugwira ntchito mpaka maola awiri. Mukamachita izi, ganizirani mulingo wolipirira batri. Zambiri pazomwe mungayang'anire jenereta zikufotokozedwa apa.

Ngati kuwonongeka kumachitika, chifukwa chakumangika kwa magawowa, ndiye kuti makinawa adzagwira ntchito ngati jenereta yoyendetsa mpaka, chifukwa cha kuvala, odzigudubuza amasiya kupumula pa khola. Palibe vuto limodzi lokhazikika lomwe linganyalanyazidwe, chifukwa izi zingasokoneze magwiridwe antchito amagetsi, mpaka kusintha kwa shaft yake.

Komanso, kuwonongeka kwa makinawo kumatha kutsagana ndi kuwonongeka pa nthawi yoyambira kapena kuyimitsa magetsi. Pakugwira ntchito kwa mota, phokoso lamphamvu limamveka kuchokera mbali ya jenereta (ichi ndi chizindikiro cha mphamvu yakanika yamagetsi).

Momwe mungadziwire kuti clutch yasokonekera

Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa freewheel pakupanga ma jenereta amakono, malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, gwero lamphamvu lamagetsi lawonjezeka ndi nthawi 5-6. Monga tafotokozera kale, chinthu ichi ndi chofunikira kuti athetse kugwedezeka kwa torsional pa shaft ya jenereta. Chifukwa cha izi, makinawa amagwira ntchito mofanana, popanda kuvala msanga, ndipo ntchito yake siimaphatikizidwa ndi phokoso.

Koma palibe magawo m'galimoto omwe safunikira kusinthidwa. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi clutch overrunning. Kuwonongeka kwake kofunikira ndikofala kwamitundu yonse - imatha kuvala ndipo nthawi zambiri mphero yake imachitika. The pafupifupi gwero za clutch jenereta ali m'dera la 100 zikwi makilomita.

Ngati kupanikizana kwa clutch, kumasiya kuyamwa inertia, ndipo kumagwira ntchito ngati kubereka. Chifukwa cha ichi, katundu pa lamba alternator adzawonjezeka. Ngati yakalamba kale, imatha kusweka. Chomangira lamba chidzathanso mwachangu.

Mutha kuzindikira wedge ya freewheel ndi izi:

1. Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa jenereta kunazimiririka - kugwedezeka kudawonekera mmenemo. Monga lamulo, pakugwira ntchito kwa injini, kuwonongeka kumeneku kudzatsagana ndi kuphulika kwa lamba wa alternator.
2. M'mawa, poyambitsa injini ndipo mpaka itathamanga pang'ono, lamba amaimba mluzu kwambiri.
3. Wotchinjiriza lamba adayamba kugwira ntchito ndikudina.

Nthawi zambiri, clutch sichimangirira, koma imasiya kuzungulira shaft ya jenereta. Kuwonongeka kotereku kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kudziwa zowoneka popanda kuwononga makinawo. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kulephera kotereku ndi kusowa kwa batire kapena kutsika kwake (kodi, vuto ili lili ndi zifukwa zina).

Kupitilira kuzindikira kwa clutch

Cheke chowumirira chofunikira ndichofunikira munthawi izi:

1. Chizindikiro cha batri (chachikaso kapena chofiira) paudongo chidabwera. Izi zimachitika batiri silikulipidwa kapena sililandira mphamvu zokwanira.
2. Mukasintha magiya (clutch imafinyidwa ndikutulutsa gasi), zimanjenjemera zazing'ono, ngati kuti injini ikuchepetsedwa ndi makina ena. Izi zimachitika pakakhala cholumikizira chosakanikirana. Poterepa, mota ikasinthira kuthamanga kwambiri, shaft ya jenereta imapanga kukana kwakanthawi kwa mota chifukwa champhamvu zopanda mphamvu. Izi zimawonjezera katundu pa lamba, ndikupangitsa kuti imere mofulumira.
3. Kukonzekera galimoto kosasinthidwa. Pakadali pano, kufalikira kwazomwe zimayendera, zoyendetsa zoyendetsa zimayang'aniridwa (ngati zilipo pakufalitsa, ndiye kuti zovuta zake zimayambitsanso kusuntha pakusintha njira zogwirira ntchito zamagetsi oyaka mkati), oyambira, clutch (kutsegula kosakwanira kwa dengu imayambitsanso injini mosathamanga).

Kuti muwone momwe ntchito yamagalimoto yamagalimoto ingagwiritsire ntchito, m'pofunika kulumikizana ndi katswiri, chifukwa ntchitoyi imaphatikizidwa ndikutsuka kwa makinawo. Ngati pulley yokhayo imachotsedwa ndikutulutsa mtedza wolumikizana, ndiye kuti freewheel imachotsedwa ndi chida chapadera. Njira zopitilira muyeso izi zitha kuwononga kwambiri shaft ya jenereta.

Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji ngati alternator freewheel ikufunika kusinthidwa?

Kuti mudziwe bwino ngati clutch yopitilira yalephera, jenereta iyenera kuchotsedwa. Koma pali njira zina zomwe zingathandize kudziwa kusokonekera kwa clutch ndi zizindikiro zosalunjika.

Ganizirani za chisankho choyang'ana ndikuchotsa cholumikizira popanda kuchotsa jenereta.

Mayeso ochotsedwa

Pambuyo pochotsa kugwirizana kuchokera ku shaft ya jenereta, mpikisano wamkati umamangidwa ndi zala ziwiri kuti mpikisano wakunja ukhale wozungulira momasuka. Mfundo ya ntchito ya overrunning clutch ndi kuti Mpukutu wa tatifupi mbali imodzi kuyenera kudziimira, ndi mbali ina - synchronous.

Mpikisano wamkati utatsekedwa, yesetsani kutembenuza mpikisano wakunja kuti mutembenuzire lamba. Kumbali iyi, tatifupi ayenera kuzungulira pamodzi. Ngati n'kotheka kutembenuza mtundu wakunja ngakhale pang'ono, ndiye kuti clutch sikugwira ntchito, ndipo ndi khama lalikulu, shaft sidzazungulira, zomwe zidzatsogolera kutsika kwa batri. Pankhaniyi, clutch iyenera kusinthidwa.

Njira yofananira imachitika kuti muwone ngati clutch yapanikizana. Ndi mphete yamkati yotsekedwa, kuyesayesa kumapangidwa kuti mutembenuzire mpikisano wakunja kumbali yotsutsana ndi kuzungulira kwa lamba wa alternator. Clutch yabwino iyenera kuzungulira momasuka mbali iyi. Ngati imagwira ntchito ndi ma jerks owoneka bwino kapena osazungulira mbali iliyonse, ndiye kuti yadzaza ndipo gawolo liyenera kusinthidwa.

Onani popanda kuchotsedwa

Nazi zizindikiro zina zomwe zikuwonetsa kutha kapena vuto la freewheel:

1. Motor ikugwira ntchito mopanda pake. Chomangira lamba wa alternator chiyenera kuzungulira mofanana, osagwedezeka;
2. Galimoto imabweretsedwa ku liwiro la 2-2.5 zikwi pa mphindi. ICE wayima. Panthawiyi, muyenera kumvetsera phokoso lochokera ku jenereta. Ngati mutatha kuyimitsa galimoto phokoso lalifupi limamveka (masekondi 1-5), ndiye kuti ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kuvala pa pulley;
3. Kumayambiriro kwa injini kapena kuyima kwake, kudina kochokera ku jenereta kumamveka bwino. Izi zimachitika pamene katundu wa inertial umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa clutch, ndipo amatsekedwa ndikutsika pansi pa katundu wolemera;
4. Kuyimba mluzu lamba kungakhale chizindikiro cha clutch yopiringizika.

Macheke Apadera a Alternator Freewheels

Mitundu yotsala yowunika momwe mawotchi opitilira amagwirira ntchito (ngati mtundu wapadera wa makina odulira a inertia wayikidwa) amachitidwa malinga ndi ntchito zapadera zamagalimoto.

Kuyesa kwachizoloŵezi kumakulolani kuti muwone ngati makinawo akugwira ntchito kapena athyoka kale. Ndi cheke chatsatanetsatane pamayimidwe apadera, akatswiri amatha kunena kuti gawolo lidzalephera posachedwa bwanji.

Kusankha njira yatsopano

Kusankha zowalamulira zatsopano sikusiyana ndi kusankha gawo lina lamagalimoto. Chinthu chotetezeka kwambiri ndikufunsa upangiri kusitolo yamagalimoto. Zokwanira kuti wogulitsa atchule mtundu wamagalimoto ndi chaka chopanga. Muthanso kufunafuna zododometsa zophatikizira zama jenereta enaake ndi nambala yazakale kapena zolembedwa pazomwe zilipo (ngati zilipo).

Ngati woyendetsa galimotoyo ali wotsimikiza kuti galimotoyo ikugwirizana bwino ndikusintha kwa fakitole, ndiye kuti kusankha makina atsopano atha kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito nambala ya VIN (kuti mumve komwe mungayang'anire nambala iyi ndi zidziwitso ziti za galimotoyo, werengani payokha).

Oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri amakonda ziwalo zoyambirira zamagalimoto, koma nthawi zambiri sizitanthauza kuti gawolo lidzakhala labwino kwambiri, koma mtengo wake uzikhala wokwera nthawi zonse. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pakumangirira mopitilira muyeso. Palibe makampani ambiri omwe akupanga zosankha zoyambirira pakusintha kwa fakitaleyo. Ambiri mwa iwo amaperekanso malonda awo kumsika wachiwiri. Zofananira zowerengera bajeti zoyambirira zazikwama zopitilira muyeso zimaperekedwa ndi zinthu monga:

• French Valeo;
• INA yaku Germany ndi LUK;
• Zipata zaku America.

Ngakhale zotsika mtengo, koma zotsika mtengo zimaperekedwa ndi makampani awa:

• ZEN yaku Brazil;
• Lynxauto waku Japan, ngakhale mtunduwu umagulitsa zinthu zopangidwa m'maiko ena;
• WAI waku America;
• Achi Dutch Nipparts;
• ERA yaku Italiya.

Pogula gawo, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa malonda. Kuwonongeka kulikonse kwamakina kapena zopindika zowoneka sizilandiridwa, chifukwa gawo ili limayenera kukhala ndi geometry yangwiro.

Kuyika clutch yatsopano yotsogola

Nthawi zambiri, zowalamulira zimasinthidwa m'malo opangira mautumiki apadera, chifukwa magalimoto ambiri amakono ali ndi chipinda chovuta kwambiri, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti magawowa akhale ovuta. Komanso, pochita izi, chida chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chomwe sichimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwina kulikonse, kotero woyendetsa wamba nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi makiyi otere.

Kuti muchotse ndikuyika makinawo mu shaft ya jenereta, mufunika:

• Choponyera mwapadera cholumikizira (amafunika kampu yazinthu zingapo yokhala ndi mbali ziwiri);
• Wrench yotsegulira gawo loyenera kapena mutu woyenera;
• Makokedwe wrench;
• Vorotok Torks.

Ndi bwino kugwira ntchitoyi mutachotsa jenereta, chifukwa magalimoto ena alibe malo okwanira mu injini yosinthira zowalamulira. Kutengera momwe chipinda chama injini chimayendetsedwera, ntchitoyi imachitika motere;

• Malo amachotsedwa pa batri (momwe mungachitire izi molondola akufotokozedwa apa);
• Lamba wa jenereta afooka;
• Mphamvu yamagetsi imathetsedwa;
• Pogwiritsa ntchito chopukusira, cholumikizacho sichimasulidwa kuchokera kutsinde (pomwe shaft iyenera kuchitidwa kuti isatembenuke);
• Makina atsopano awombedwa m'malo mwa akalewo;
• Chipangizocho chimamangirizidwa pa shaft pogwiritsa ntchito torque wrench yokhala ndi mphamvu pafupifupi 80 Nm;
• Kapangidwe kamayikidwa m'malo mwake;
• Malo amagetsi amalumikizidwa.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zazing'ono zosinthira zowalamulira. Iyenera kutsekedwa ndi pulasitiki (kutetezera ku fumbi ndi zinthu zakunja kuti zisalowe). Ngati chinthuchi sichinaphatikizidwe, muyenera kugula mosiyana.

Momwe mungasinthire - kukonza ndi manja anu

Kusintha / kukonza clutch yolephera, ndikofunikira kuichotsa pa jenereta. Kuti muchite izi, masulani kugwedezeka kwa lamba, tsegulani jenereta yokha, ndiyeno mutulutse nati yomwe imakonza kugwirizana pamtengowo.

Kuyika kwa clutch yatsopano kumachitika motsatira dongosolo. Chovuta chokha ndichakuti opanga amagwiritsa ntchito bolt yapadera yomwe imafunikira kiyi yapadera. Nthawi zambiri mphuno yotereyi imapezeka mu zida za akatswiri oyendetsa galimoto. Chifukwa chake, posankha zida zatsopano zamakina, muyenera kulabadira kukhalapo kwa nozzle kwa bawuti ya TREX.

Ngati tikulankhula za kukonza clutch yowonjezereka, ndiye kuti makinawa sangakonzedwe, ngakhale pali amisiri omwe akuyesera kubwezeretsa makina osweka. Koma pankhani ya clutch, chifukwa chokonzekera ndi chofanana ndi chotengera chogwidwa kapena chovulazidwa kwambiri. Zinthu zoterezi ziyenera kusinthidwa nthawi zonse ndi zina zatsopano.

Kanema pa mutuwo

Nayi kanema wachidule wokhudza chipangizocho komanso cholinga cha ma freewheel a jenereta:

Cholinga cha clutch ndi chipangizo

Pomaliza

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale sikofunikira kwa magalimoto akale kuti akhazikitse chowongolera chowongolera pa alternator, makinawa amapereka magwiridwe antchito amagetsi, komanso amalepheretsa lamba woyendetsa msanga. Ngati makina oterewa atha kuchita popanda izi, ndiye kuti m'zinthu zamakono kukhalapo kwake kumakhala kovomerezeka, popeza kuti mphamvu yamagetsi imapanga kugwedezeka kwakukulu, komanso kusintha kwadzidzidzi kuchokera kuthamanga kwambiri mpaka mawonekedwe a XX, zotsatira zake ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa zotsika- injini zamagetsi.

Njirazi zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, chifukwa amakhala ndi moyo wautali. Koma ngati pakufunika kukonza kapena kusintha chipangizocho, ndibwino kuti mupeze thandizo kwa akatswiri.

Pomaliza, tikupatsani kanema waufupi wamomwe mungayang'anire zowalamulira mopanda kuzichotsa mu jenereta:

Zizindikiro za kusokonekera kwa cholumikizira china chosakanikirana.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi clutch ya alternator yopitilira imachita chiyani? Ndi gawo la pulley mumitundu yambiri yamakono yamagalimoto. Chipangizochi chimapereka kayendedwe ka shaft yosalala komanso kusinthasintha kodziyimira pawokha kwa pulley ndi kayendedwe ka unidirectional kwa zigawozi.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati cholumikizira cha jenereta chikakamira? Kugwedezeka kwa lamba wa alternator kudzawoneka, phokoso lochokera pamenepo lidzawonjezeka. Wotchinjiriza apanga mawu akudumpha ndipo lamba adzayimba mluzu. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, lamba ndi zomangira zake zimatha ndipo zimasweka.

Momwe mungachotsere clutch ku jenereta? Batire imachotsedwa, mbali zosokoneza zimachotsedwa. Lamba wa alternator amamasulidwa ndikuchotsedwa. Amasunga shaft ya pulley (pogwiritsa ntchito wrench ya torque). Mtedza womangirira wa pulley ndi wosakulungidwa.