Kuyendetsa galimoto QUANT 48VOLT: kusintha kwamakampani amagalimoto kapena ...

760 hp ndi mathamangitsidwe mu masekondi 2,4 akuwonetsa kuthekera kwa chosakanikirana

Watayika mumithunzi ya Elon Musk ndi Tesla wake, koma Nuncio La Vecchio ndi teknoloji ya gulu lake, yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kampani yofufuza nanoFlowcell, ikhoza kusintha kwambiri malonda a magalimoto. Zolengedwa zaposachedwa kwambiri kuchokera ku kampani yaku Switzerland ndi situdiyo QUANT 48VOLT, yomwe imatsata QUANTINO 48VOLT yaying'ono ndi mitundu ingapo yam'mbuyomu monga QUANT F yomwe sinagwiritsebe ntchito ukadaulo wa 48-volt.

Pokhala mumdima wa chipwirikiti chamakampani opanga magalimoto m'zaka zaposachedwa, NanoFlowcell aganiza zowongolera kuthekera kwake kwachitukuko ndikupanga ukadaulo wa otchedwa mabatire anthawi yomweyo, omwe mu ntchito yawo alibe chochita ndi faifi tambala-zitsulo hydride ndi lithiamu-ion. Komabe, kuunika mozama kwa situdiyo ya QUANT 48VOLT kudzawulula mayankho apadera aukadaulo - osati potengera njira yomwe tatchulayi yopangira magetsi, komanso dera lonse la 48V lokhala ndi ma motors amagetsi amitundu yambiri okhala ndi ma coil aluminiyamu omangidwira mawilo, komanso okwana linanena bungwe 760 ndiyamphamvu. Inde, pali mafunso ambiri.

Mabatire oyenda - ndi chiyani?

Makampani ndi ofufuza angapo, monga Fraunhofer ku Germany, akhala akupanga mabatire azamagetsi kwa zaka zopitilira khumi.

Awa ndi mabatire, kapena m'malo mwake, zinthu zofananira ndi mafuta, zomwe zimadzazidwa ndi madzi, monga mafuta amatsanulira mgalimoto yokhala ndi mafuta kapena injini ya dizilo. M'malo mwake, lingaliro lakuyenda-kapena komwe kumatchedwa kuthamanga-kudzera pa batri ya redox silovuta, ndipo chivomerezo choyamba m'derali chimayambira 1949. Iliyonse ya malo awiriwa, olekanitsidwa ndi nembanemba (yofanana ndi maselo amafuta), imalumikizidwa ndi nkhokwe yomwe ili ndi electrolyte inayake. Chifukwa cha chizolowezi cha zinthu zomwe zimagwirana wina ndi mnzake, ma proton amasuntha kuchokera ku electrolyte kupita ku ina kudzera mu nembanemba, ndipo ma elekitironi amalunjikitsidwa kudzera mwa ogula omwe alumikizidwa ndi magawo awiriwo, chifukwa chake magetsi amayenda. Pakapita nthawi, akasinja awiri amasungunuka ndikudzazidwa ndi ma electrolyte atsopano, ndipo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito "amapangidwanso" m'malo opangira magesi. Njirayi imayendetsedwa ndi mapampu.

Ngakhale zonsezi zimawoneka bwino, mwatsoka padakali zopinga zambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito batri yamtunduwu mgalimoto. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kwa batire ya redox yokhala ndi vanadium electrolyte kumangokhala 30-50 Wh pa lita imodzi, yomwe imafanana ndi batri ya lead-acid. Poterepa, kuti tisunge mphamvu zofananira ndi batire lamakono la lithiamu-ion lokhala ndi 20 kWh, pamlingo womwewo wa batri ya redox, 500 malita a electrolyte adzafunika. M'malo a labotale, omwe amatchedwa vanadium polysulfide-bromide mabatire amafika pamphamvu yama 90 Wh pa lita imodzi.

Zida zakunja sizofunikira pakupanga mabatire otuluka. Palibe zofunikira zodula monga platinamu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maselo amafuta kapena ma polima monga ma batri a lithiamu ion omwe amafunikira. Kukwera mtengo kwa ma labotale kumafotokozedwa kokha chifukwa chakuti ndi amtundu umodzi ndipo amapangidwa ndi manja. Ponena za chitetezo, palibe chowopsa. Ma electrolyte awiri akaphatikizidwa, mankhwala "amfupikitsidwe" amapezeka, momwe kutentha kumatulutsidwa ndipo kutentha kumakwera, koma kumakhala pamiyeso yabwinobwino, ndipo palibe chomwe chimachitika. Zachidziwikire, zakumwa zina sizabwino, komanso mafuta ndi dizilo.

Ukadaulo wa nanoFlowcell ukadaulo

Pambuyo pa kafukufuku wazaka zambiri, nanoFlowcell yapanga ukadaulo womwe sugwiritsanso ntchito ma electrolyte. Kampaniyo sipereka tsatanetsatane wa njira zamakina, koma chowonadi ndi chakuti mphamvu yeniyeni ya bi-ion system imafika pamlingo wodabwitsa wa 600 W / l motero zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kupereka mphamvu zazikuluzikulu zamagalimoto amagetsi. Kuti muchite izi, ma cell asanu ndi limodzi okhala ndi voteji ya 48 volts amalumikizidwa mofanana, omwe amatha kupereka magetsi ku dongosolo lomwe lili ndi mphamvu ya 760 hp. Ukadaulowu umagwiritsa ntchito nembanemba yochokera ku nanotechnology yomwe idapangidwa ndi nanoFlowcell kuti ipereke malo olumikizirana akulu ndikulola kuti ma electrolyte ambiri alowe m'malo munthawi yochepa. M'tsogolomu, izi zidzalolanso kukonzedwa kwa mayankho a electrolyte okhala ndi mphamvu zambiri. Popeza makinawo sagwiritsa ntchito ma voliyumu apamwamba monga kale, ma buffer capacitor amachotsedwa - zinthu zatsopano zimadyetsa mwachindunji ma mota amagetsi ndipo zimakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa. QUANT imakhalanso ndi njira yabwino pomwe ma cell ena amazimitsidwa ndipo mphamvu imachepetsedwa m'dzina lakuchita bwino. Komabe, pamene mphamvu ikufunika, lilipo - chifukwa makokedwe lalikulu la 2000 Nm pa gudumu (8000 Nm yekha malinga ndi kampani), mathamangitsidwe 100 Km / h amatenga masekondi 2,4, ndi liwiro pamwamba ndi pakompyuta okha 300. km. / h Pazigawo zotere, ndizachilengedwe kuti musagwiritse ntchito kufalitsa - ma motors anayi amagetsi a 140 kW amaphatikizidwa mwachindunji mumayendedwe amagudumu.

Zosintha mwachilengedwe zamagetsi zamagetsi

Chozizwitsa chaching'ono chaukadaulo ndi ma motors amagetsi okha. Chifukwa zimagwira ntchito pamagetsi otsika kwambiri a 48 volts, si 3-phase, koma 45-phase! M'malo mwa zopangira zamkuwa, amagwiritsa ntchito aluminium lattice kuti achepetse voliyumu - zomwe ndizofunikira makamaka chifukwa cha mafunde akulu. Malinga ndi sayansi yosavuta, ndi mphamvu ya 140 kW pa galimoto yamagetsi ndi voteji ya 48 volts, yomwe ikudutsamo iyenera kukhala 2900 amperes. Sizongochitika mwangozi kuti nanoFlowcell yalengeza za XNUMXA pamakina onse. Pachifukwa ichi, malamulo a anthu ambiri amagwira ntchito pano. Kampaniyo siwulula kuti ndi machitidwe ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa mafunde otere. Komabe, ubwino wamagetsi otsika ndikuti makina otetezera magetsi apamwamba sakufunika, kuchepetsa mtengo wa mankhwala. Amalolanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma MOSFET otsika mtengo (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors) m'malo mwa ma HV IGBT okwera mtengo kwambiri (High Voltage Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors).

Ma mota kapena makina sayenera kuyenda pang'onopang'ono pakapita kuziziritsa kwamphamvu kozizira.

Matanki akulu amakhala ndi 2 x 250 malita ndipo, malinga ndi nanoFlowcell, maselo omwe ali ndi kutentha kozungulira madigiri 96 ndi 90% ogwira ntchito. Amalumikizidwa mumphangayo pansi pake ndipo amathandizira kuti pakhale mphamvu yokoka yamagalimoto. Pogwira ntchito, galimotoyo imatulutsa madzi, ndipo amchere ochokera ku electrolyte omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amasonkhanitsidwa mu fyuluta yapadera ndikugawa makilomita 10 aliwonse. Komabe, sizikudziwika bwino kuchokera pazofalitsa zomwe zili pamasamba 000 kuchuluka kwa galimoto yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito pa 40 km, ndipo pali chidziwitso chosamveka bwino. Kampaniyo imanena kuti lita imodzi ya bi-ION imawononga ma 100 euros. Matangi okhala ndi 0,10 x 2 malita ndi mileage yoyerekeza ya 250 km, izi zikutanthauza malita 1000 pa 50 km, zomwe zimapindulanso poyerekeza ndi mitengo yamafuta (nkhani ina yolemera). Komabe, mphamvu yolengezedwa ya 100 kWh, yomwe imafanana ndi 300 kWh / l, imatanthauza kumwa kwa 600 kWh pa 30 km, yomwe ndiyambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Quantino yaying'ono ili ndi akasinja a 100 x 2 lita omwe amatulutsa (akuti) ndi 95 kWh (mwina 15?), Pomwe ma mileage omwe akuti ndi 115 km pomwe akudya 1000 kWh pa 14 km. Izi ndizosemphana ...

Zonsezi pambali, ukadaulo woyendetsa komanso kapangidwe kagalimoto zitha kufotokozedwa kuti ndizodabwitsa, zomwe zokha ndizapadera pakampani yoyambira. Chimango chakumlengalenga ndi zinthu zomwe thupi limapangidwako ndizapamwamba kwambiri. Koma izi zikuwoneka kuti ndizovomerezeka motsutsana ndi kuyendetsa koteroko. Chofunikanso kwambiri, galimotoyi ndi TUV yotsimikizika yoyendetsa pamsewu wa Germany ndikukonzekera kupanga zingapo. Zomwe ziyenera kuyamba ku Switzerland chaka chamawa.

Zolemba: Georgy Kolev

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