Yesani Porsche 804 kuchokera ku Fomula 1: siliva wakale

Wotsiriza waku Germany "Silver Arrow" kuti apambane mu Fomula 1

Zaka 50, komabe mokweza - pa Red Bull Ring ku Austria. Porsche 804 ikukondwerera chaka chozungulira. auto motor und sport yakhala ikuyendetsa wopambana wotchuka wa Grand Prix kuyambira 1962.

Kodi mudakhalapo pa chotengera cha ufa? Izi mwina ndi momwe Dan Gurney adamvera mu 1962. Panjira yakumpoto ya Nürburgring, mu Formula One Porsche, adamenyera nkhondo Graham Hill ndi John Surtees. Ali ndi ngozi yopusa - batire yomwe ili kumapazi ake yang'ambika pamakina okwera, ndipo akuyesera kuti akonze ndi phazi lake lakumanzere. Mantha ali mkati mwa ubongo wake - chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati chitsekeka ndikuyaka moto? Izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa. Chifukwa dalaivala pa Porsche 1 akukhala ngati pakati pa thanki. Tanki yaikulu - kumanzere, kumanja ndi kumbuyo kwake - inali yodzaza ndi malita 804 a mafuta a octane apamwamba. Malita 75 otsala amawathira m'matangi akutsogolo mozungulira mapazi a dalaivala.

Iron Nerves anathandiza Gurney, ndipo anamaliza wachitatu, ndipo pambuyo pake anatcha German Grand Prix mpikisano wake wabwino kwambiri ndi zotsatira za 804. M'galimoto yaku Germany ya Fomula 1, adapambana kale French Grand Prix, ndipo patatha sabata imodzi ... Fomula bwalo panjira ya Zolitude pafupi Stuttgart.

Porsche 804 yokhala ndi injini yaying'ono-eyiti

Kuyambira pamenepo, zaka 50 zapita. Porsche 804 yabwerera kutsogolo kwa bokosi - osati ku Nürburgring osati ku Rouen, koma ku Red Bull Ring yomwe yangokonzedwa kumene ku Austria. Lero, kuti muyendetse galimoto ya Formula 1, mukufunikira othandizira khumi ndi awiri. Zomwe ndikufuna ndi Klaus Bischoff, wamkulu wa Porsche Wheel Museum ku Stuttgart. Iye anali atayamba kale kutentha injini ya silinda eyiti. Injini ya boxer mu galimoto ya Porsche ndi yaying'ono - malita 1,5 okha. Nayenso amafuula kwambiri ndipo amalira ngati abale ake apamtima. Masilinda asanu ndi atatu ndi oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya. Chokupiza chachikulu chimawawombera malita 84 a mpweya pamphindi. Izi zimafuna mphamvu zisanu ndi zinayi za akavalo, koma zimapulumutsa ma radiator ndi ozizira.

Popeza American Gurney anali wosewera wamkulu wa Formula 1, kuthamanga kwa Porsche kunali komasuka. Osachepera chiwongolero chikhoza kuchotsedwa - zimakhala zosavuta kukhala pansi ndi "chogwirira chokha" chopapatiza. Pankhani yokwera galimoto, ndibwino kuti musagwire utawaleza, uyenera kukutetezani pamene ukugudubuza. Imanjenjemera ngati chitoliro. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuyesa zochita zake pochita. Chubu chopyapyala, chabwino kwambiri, chimatha kukhala chothandizira kumbuyo kwa mutu.

Palibe chomwe chimachitika pansi pa 6000 rpm.

Muyenera kukhala pampando, kupumula manja anu kunja kwa thupi ndikuboola mosamala mapazi anu poyang'ana ma pedals. Mwendo wakumanzere umakhala pa batire. Chingwe chachitsulo chimayenda pakati pa miyendo - chimayatsa tcheni. Kupanda kutero, chilichonse chili m'malo mwake: kumanzere ndi chopondapo cholumikizira, pakati - pa brake, kumanja - pa accelerator. Kiyi yoyatsira ili kumanja kumanja kwa dashboard. Kumanzere kuli zikhomo zoyambira mapampu amafuta. Iwo ndi ofunika chifukwa pa mpikisanowo mafuta amapopedwa kuchokera ku akasinja mwanzeru kotero kuti kugawa kulemera kwa 46 peresenti kutsogolo ndi 54 peresenti pa chitsulo chakumbuyo kumakhalabe kosasintha momwe kungathekere.

Kumanzere kwa chimango cha tubular pali chosinthira chachikulu chamagetsi ndi choyambira. Choncho, palibe chifukwa cha makaniko omwe ali ndi jenereta yoyambira, chifukwa mutangokoka mwamphamvu pa lever, ma silinda asanu ndi atatu amayamba kugunda kumbuyo kwanu. Zida zoyamba zimaphatikizidwa ndi kuthamanga kwina. Mumafulumizitsa, masulani clutch ndikupita. Koma chikuchitika n’chiyani? Kukoma kumayamba kuwonongeka. Chinthu choyamba chomwe mumaphunzira ndikuti kuthamanga kwambiri kumafunika pano. Pansi pa 6000 simungathe kuchita chilichonse. Ndipo malire apamwamba ndi 8200. Ndiye, ngati mwadzidzidzi, zinali zotheka kukweza chikwi china.

Komabe, pamwamba pa 6000 rpm, njingayo imayamba kukoka ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa. Nzosadabwitsa, chifukwa muyenera imathandizira ndendende makilogalamu 452 kuphatikiza dalaivala ndi mafuta. Chojambulacho chimalemera makilogalamu 38, thupi la aluminiyamu limalemera 25 okha. Pambuyo pake, ziwalo za thupi za pulasitiki zoyamba zinagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 804.

Nthawi yoyamba yomwe mumagunda mabuleki, woyendetsa ndege amachita mantha

Zida zotumizira ndi "zaufupi". Choyamba, chachiwiri - ndipo apa pali chodabwitsa chotsatira: gearbox ya sikisi-liwiro ilibe njira zosunthira lever. “Samalani pamene mukusintha,” Klaus Bischoff anandichenjeza. Pambuyo pake ndidazindikira kuti pambuyo pa mpikisano woyamba, a Dan Gurney adapempha mbale ya tchanelo. Mu giya lachitatu, muyenera kudikirira pang'ono kuti muwonetsetse kuti lever ili pakati panjira. Chilichonse chidzabwereranso: ngati mutalowa mugiya lachisanu, mudzataya mphamvu, zotsatira zake zoyamba ndikuwonongeka kwa injini.

Komabe, mutatha kuchitapo kanthu, mudzaphunzira kusuntha magiya mosamala. M'malo mwake, muli mu chodabwitsa china. Njira yoyamba, yomwe imayima mwamphamvu - "Remus-kumanja" imatengedwa mu gear yoyamba. Formula 1 galimoto ndi Porsche yoyamba yokhala ndi mabuleki a disc. Mwachindunji, mabuleki otsekedwa mkati, mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza kwa drum ndi disc brakes. Njira yosangalatsa yaukadaulo. Tsoka ilo, ndi zofooka zochepa. Nthawi yoyamba mukanikizira chonyamulira cha brake, woyendetsa amachita mantha - chopondapo chimatsika pafupifupi pansi. Mu jargon akatswiri, izi zimatchedwa "long pedal". Mwamwayi, ndinayandikira ngodya yaikulu yoyamba ndi ulemu wokwanira ndipo ndinayamba kuyenda mofulumira. Kenako kunabwera mphamvu ya braking.

Porsche 804 osokoneza

Woyendetsa woyeserera Herbert Linge akukumbukira kuti: "Mabuleki ankagwira ntchito bwino, koma amayenera kukhala okonzeka asanatembenuke." Izi ndichifukwa choti kunjenjemera kwa magudumu kumasuntha ma pads kutali ndi disc ya mabuleki. Izi zikuyenera kudziwitsidwa mwapadera, koma zanzeru izi kwakhala zikuphatikizidwa kale m'moyo wagalimoto wamasiku ano. Oyendetsa ndege nthawi imeneyo amayenera kupirira zovuta zazing'onozi, koma mumazolowera msanga. Zowononga kwambiri mabuleki ndi njira ngati Red Bull Ring, yomwe ili ndi zigawo zake zazifupi zowongoka komanso ngodya zolimba, zina zomwe, monga Rint-Right, zilinso zotsika.

Komabe, kuyendetsa 804 kumabweretsa chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kuzolowera. Woyendetsa ndegeyo akutsamira m’chipinda chochitira okwera ndege, ndipo msana wake watsala pang’ono kutaya phula. Pamaso pake pali mawilo otseguka, pomwe amatha kuloza mosinthana ndi ma curbs. Porsche yokhala ndi mpando umodzi wokhala ndi matayala opapatiza imakhala ngati galimoto yonyamula anthu kuposa galimoto yamtundu wa Formula 1 - ndiyotsika komanso yopitilira, koma ndiyosavuta kuyendetsa. Mwayiwala kalekale kuti mwakhala mumgolo wa petulo. Mwinamwake, zinali zofanana ndi anthu akale a Grand Prix. Chisangalalo chinakula, ndipo mantha anazimiririka.

Woyendetsa mabokosi eyiti pamagalimoto ena opambana

M'malo mwake, ntchito ya 804 idangotentha chilimwe chimodzi chokha. Ngakhale nyengo ya 1962 isanathe, mkulu wa kampaniyo, Ferry Porsche, anati: "Timasiya." M'tsogolomu, Porsche akufuna kuthamanga magalimoto pafupi ndi katundu. Mu 1962, Formula 1 inali yolamulidwa ndi magulu a Chingerezi, BRM inapambana World Championship. Ndipo ndi chassis yake yatsopano ya aluminium monocoque, Lotus sikuti imangopanga mbiri ndi mapangidwe a tubular, komanso ikusintha Fomula 1.

The 804 ili mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, koma mbali zina za polojekitiyi zapulumuka kutha kwa Fomula 1. Mwachitsanzo, mabuleki a disk ali, ndithudi, apambana kwambiri. Kapena wankhonya wa ma silinda asanu ndi atatu omwe poyamba anali odetsa nkhawa timu ya Porsche chifukwa sinakhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira, koma pambuyo pake idalowa bwino. Ndi voliyumu yogwira ntchito ya malita 1,5, imafikira mphamvu yayikulu ya 200 hp. Pamene theka lina la lita likuwonjezeredwa ku mphamvu ya cubic, mphamvu imawonjezeka kufika 270 hp. Mu Porsche 907 injini anapambana Maola 24 Daytona, mu 910 anapambana European Alpine Ski Championship, ndipo mu 1968 mu 908 anapambana ngakhale Targa Florio ku Sicily.

Porsche 804 idakali gawo lofunikira m'mbiri. Ndendende patsiku lokumbukira tsiku lake lobadwa la 50, Nico Rosberg ndi Mercedes akukondwerera kupambana kwina kwa timu yaku Germany mu Fomula 1. Inde, idachokera kwa omwe akupikisana nawo, komabe itha kutengedwa ngati mphatso yabwino yakubadwa.

DATA LAMALANGIZO

BODY Seater single Formula 1 racing car, chitsulo chubu grille chimango, aluminiyamu thupi, kutalika x m'lifupi x kutalika 3600 x 1615 x 800 mm, wheelbase 2300 mm, kutsogolo / kumbuyo njanji 1300/1330 mm, tank capacity 150 l, net net 452 kg.

SUSPENSION Kuyimitsidwa koyimilira kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo ndi mfuti zokhumba kawiri, akasupe opumira, ma telescopic oyimitsa zoyimitsa, zotsogola kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, mabuleki am'mbuyo ndi kumbuyo, matayala kutsogolo 5.00 x 15 R, kumbuyo 6.50 x 15 R.

Kutumiza kwa mphamvu Kuthamangitsa kwamagalimoto kumbuyo, magudumu asanu ndi limodzi othamangitsa pang'ono.

INJINE Wozizilitsa mpweya, injini yamphamvu yamphamvu eyiti, ma camshafts anayi, mapulagi awiri pa silinda, 1494 cc, 3 kW (132 hp) @ 180 rpm, max. makokedwe 9200 Nm pa 156 rpm.

NKHANI ZA DYNAMIC Liwiro pafupifupi pafupifupi 270 km / h.

Zolemba: Bernd Ostman

Chithunzi: Achim Hartmann, LAT, Porsche-Archiv