Mbiri ya mtundu wamagalimoto a Lamborghini

Kwa nthawi yonse yomwe idakhalapo, ndipo ili kale zaka pafupifupi 57, kampani yaku Italiya Lamborghini, yomwe idakhala gawo lazovuta kwambiri, yatchuka ngati dzina lapadziko lonse lapansi lomwe limapatsa ulemu ochita mpikisano komanso chisangalalo cha mafani a mitundu yosiyanasiyana - kuchokera pamisewu mpaka ma SUV. Ndipo izi ngakhale kuti kupanga kunayamba pafupifupi kuyambira pomwepo ndipo kunali pafupi kuyima kangapo. Tikuganiza kuti titsatire mbiri yakukula kwa mtundu wopambana womwe umalumikiza mayina amitundu yazosonkhanitsa zake ndi mayina amphongo odziwika omwe akutenga nawo mbali pankhondo yamphongo.

Mlengi wamagalimoto odabwitsa amasewera ndi malingaliro ake poyamba amamuwona wamisala, koma Ferruccio Lamborghini sanasangalale ndi malingaliro a ena. Mouma khosi adatsata maloto ake ndipo, chifukwa chake, adapatsa dziko lapansi mtundu wokongola komanso wokongola, womwe udasinthidwa, kusintha, koma nthawi yomweyo adasinthiratu kapangidwe kake.

Lingaliro lanzeru lotsegulira mozungulira zitseko zamiyeso, lomwe tsopano likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga magalimoto ambiri amasewera, amatchedwa "zitseko za lambo" ndipo lakhala chizindikiro cha mtundu wopambana waku Italiya.

Pakadali pano, Automobili Lamborghini SpA, motsogozedwa ndi Audi AG, ndi gawo lazovuta zazikulu za Volkswagen AG, koma ili ndi likulu lawo m'tawuni yaying'ono ya Sant'Agata Bolognese, yomwe ili m'chigawo choyang'anira cha Emilia Romagna. Ndipo ili pamtunda wa makilomita 15 kuchokera mumzinda wa Maranello, komwe fakitale yotchuka yamagalimoto - Ferrari.

Poyamba, kupanga magalimoto sikunaphatikizidwe pamalingaliro a Lamborghini. 

Ntchitoyi inkangogwira ntchito yopanga makina azaulimi, ndipo patangopita nthawi pang'ono, zida za mafiriji. Koma kuyambira zaka za m'ma 60 za m'zaka zapitazi, malangizo a ntchito za fakitaleyo adasinthiratu, zomwe zidakhala poyambira kutulutsa ma supercars othamanga.

Ubwino woyambitsa kampaniyo ndi wa Ferruccio Lamborghini, yemwe amadziwika kuti anali bizinesi yabwino. Tsiku lovomerezeka la Automobili Lamborghini SpA lidzawerengedwa mu Meyi 1963. Kupambana kunabwera atangotulutsa kope loyamba, lomwe lidachita nawo ziwonetsero ku Turin mu Okutobala chaka chomwecho. Zinali zoyimira Lamborghini 350 GT yomwe idayamba kupanga zosakwana chaka chimodzi.

Zinachitika Lamborghini 350 GT

Posakhalitsa, Lamborghini 400 GT yachitsanzo yosangalatsa idatulutsidwa, kugulitsa kwakukulu komwe kumalola kukula kwa Lamborghini Miura, yomwe idakhala ngati "khadi loyendera" la chizindikirocho.

Mavuto oyamba a Lamborghini adakumana nawo m'ma 70s, pomwe woyambitsa wa Lamborghini amayenera kugulitsa gawo lomwe adayambitsa (kupanga mathirakitala) kwa omwe akupikisana nawo - Fiat. Mchitidwewu unali wokhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mgwirizano womwe South America idalonjeza kulandira gulu lalikulu lamagalimoto. Tsopano mathirakitala pansi pa mtundu wa Lamborghini amapangidwa ndi Same Deutz-Fahr Group SpA

Makumi asanu ndi awiri a zaka zapitazi adabweretsa bwino komanso phindu ku fakitale ya Ferruccio. Komabe, adaganiza zogulitsa ufulu wake monga woyambitsa, woyamba ambiri (51%) kwa wamalonda waku Switzerland a Georges-Henri Rosetti, ndipo enawo kwa mnzake waku Rene Leimer. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa cha ichi chinali mphwayi ya wolowa m'malo - Tonino Lamborghini - pakupanga magalimoto.

Pakadali pano, zovuta zapadziko lonse zamafuta ndi zachuma zidakakamiza eni ake a Lamborghini kuti asinthe. Chiwerengero cha makasitomala chimachepa chifukwa chochedwa kubweretsa, zomwe zimadalira magawo omwe amalandila kunja omwe nawonso amasowa nthawi. 

Pofuna kusintha momwe zachuma ziliri, mgwirizano udakwaniritsidwa ndi BMW, malinga ndi zomwe a Lamborghini adachita kuti akonze galimoto yawo yamasewera ndikuyamba kupanga. Koma kampaniyo idasowa nthawi yoti "olera", popeza chidwi ndi ndalama zidaperekedwa ku mtundu wake watsopano (Cheetah). Koma mgwirizanowo udathetsedwabe, ngakhale kuti mamangidwe ndi kukonza kwa BMW kudamalizidwa.

Otsatira a Lamborghini amayenera kulembetsa bankirapuse mu 1978. Malinga ndi khothi la ku England, bizinesiyo idayikidwa pamsika ndikugulidwa ndi a Swiss - abale a Mimram, eni a Gulu la Mimran. Ndipo kale mu 1987 Lamborghini adakhala m'manja mwa Chrysler (Chrysler). Zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri pambuyo pake, wogulitsa ndalama uyu sanathe kupirira mavuto azachuma, ndipo atasintha mwini wina, wopanga ku Italy pamapeto pake adavomerezedwa ku nkhawa zazikulu za Volkswagen AG ngati gawo la Audi.

Chifukwa cha Ferruccio Lamborghini, dziko lapansi lidawona masitima apadera apadera, omwe amasangalatsidwa mpaka pano. Amakhulupirira kuti ndi ochepa osankhidwa okha omwe amatha kukhala ndi galimoto - anthu opambana komanso odzidalira.

M'chaka cha 12 cha Zakachikwi zatsopano, mgwirizano udakwaniritsidwa pakati pa Gulu la Burevestnik ndi Russian Lamborghini Russia pankhani yovomereza kuti wogulitsa womaliza azigulitsa. Tsopano ku Russia, malo achitetezo atsegulidwa m'malo mwa mtundu wodziwika ndi mwayi wongodziwa zokhazokha za Lamborghini ndikugula / kuyitanitsa mtundu wosankhidwa, koma ngakhale kugula maovololo apadera, zida zingapo ndi ziwalo.

Woyambitsa

Kufotokozera pang'ono: mu Chirasha, kampaniyo imakonda kutchulidwa ndikumveka kwa "Lamborghini", mwina chifukwa chidwi chimakopeka ndi chilembo "g" (ji), koma matchulidwewa ndi olakwika. Chilankhulo cha ku Italiya, komabe, monga nthawi zina Chingerezi, chimapereka matchulidwe amitundu yophatikiza zilembo "gh", ngati phokoso "g". Izi zikutanthauza kuti katchulidwe ka Lamborghini ndiye njira yokhayo yolondola.

Ferruccio Lamborghini (Epulo 28.04.1916, 20.02.1993 - February XNUMX, XNUMX)

Amadziwika kuti mlengi wa zopangidwa wapadera wa magalimoto masewera kuyambira ubwana chidwi ndi zinsinsi za njira zosiyanasiyana. Pokhala katswiri wazamisala, abambo ake a Antonio komabe adawonetsa nzeru za makolo ndipo adakonza zokambirana zazing'ono kwa wachinyamata m'munda mwake. Apa woyambitsa mtsogolo wa kampani yotchuka ya Lamborghini adziwa zofunikira pakupanga ndipo adakwanitsa kupanga njira zomwe zidachita bwino.

Ferruccio pang'onopang'ono adakulitsa luso lake kuukadaulo ku Bologna engineering school, ndipo pambuyo pake adakhala ngati umakaniko, ali m'gulu lankhondo. Kumapeto kwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, Ferruccio adabwerera kwawo ku chigawo cha Renazzo, komwe adagwira nawo ntchito yomanganso magalimoto ankhondo kukhala zida zaulimi.

Kuchita bwino kumeneku ndi chiyambi chotsegulira bizinesi yake, motero kampani yoyamba ya Ferruccio Lamborghini idawonekera - Lamborghini Trattori SpA, yomwe idatulutsa thirakitala yopangidwa ndi wabizinesi wachinyamata. Chizindikiro chodziwikiratu - ng'ombe yakumenyera pachishango - idawonekera pomwepo, ngakhale pama mathirakitala oyamba ake.

Thalakitala yopangidwa ndi Ferruccio Lamborghini

Mapeto a 40s adakhala ofunika kwa wochita bizinesi. Kuyamba bwino chinali chifukwa choganiza zoyambitsa kampani yachiwiri. Ndipo mu 1960, kupanga zida zotenthetsera ndi zida zoziziritsa mafakitale zidawonekera - kampani ya Lamborghini Bruciatori. 

Kupambana kodabwitsa kunabweretsa kulemera kosayembekezereka komwe kumalola m'modzi mwa amalonda opambana kwambiri ku Italy kukhazikitsa garaja yake yokhala ndi mitundu yotsika mtengo kwambiri yamagalimoto amasewera: Jaguar E-mtundu, Maserati 3500GT, Mercedes-Benz 300SL. Koma chosangalatsa kwambiri pamsonkhanowu chinali Ferrari 250 GT, momwe munali ma garaja angapo.

Ndi kukonda kwake konse magalimoto okwera mtengo, Ferruccio adawona zolakwika pamapangidwe aliwonse omwe amafuna kukonza. Chifukwa chake, lingaliro lidabuka kuti apange galimoto yabwino kwambiri komanso yapadera pakupanga kwathu komwe.

Mboni zambiri zimati mbuyeyo adakakamizidwa kuti apange chisankho chachikulu chifukwa chotsutsana ndi wopanga magalimoto othamanga Enzo Ferrari, yemwe amadziwika kale m'zaka zimenezo. 

Ngakhale amamvera galimoto yomwe amakonda, Ferruccio amayenera kukonza mobwerezabwereza, adauza wopanga magalimoto pamasewerawa.

Pokhala munthu wamtima wapachala, Enzo adayankha mwamphamvu, mwa mzimu wa "samalira mathirakitala ako ngati ukudziwa kanthu za njira zoyendetsa magalimoto." Tsoka ilo (kwa Ferrari), a Lamborghini analinso achi Italiya, ndipo mawu otere adamupangitsa kukhala ndi Super-Ego, chifukwa iyenso anali wodziwa magalimoto.

Pokwiya mokwiya, kapitawo, atabwerera ku garaja, adaganiza zodziyimira pawokha chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa clutch. Atasokoneza makinawo kwathunthu, Ferruccio adapeza kufanana kwakukulu kwa kufalitsa kwa zimakaniko zamatakitala ake, kotero sizinali zovuta kuti athetse vutoli.

Kenako, lingaliro lapompopompo lidakwaniritsidwa kuti akwaniritse maloto ake akale - kuti apange galimoto yake yothamanga kwambiri ngakhale kuti Enzo Ferrari. Komabe, adalonjeza kuti magalimoto ake, mosiyana ndi Ferrari, sadzachita nawo mpikisano wothamanga. Lingaliro lake lidawonedwa ngati lamisala, ndikuganiza kuti woyambitsa wamtsogolo wa Automobili Lamborghini SpA adangoganiza zopumula.

Monga mbiri yawonetsera, kudabwitsidwa ndi kuyamikiridwa kwa omwe akuwona chitukuko cha kampaniyo, a Lamborghini awonetsa dziko lapansi kuthekera kopambana kwa talente yake. Palimodzi woyambitsa

Chizindikiro

Wopanga ku Italiya safuna kuyendetsa pawokha magalimoto odula kwambiri, a Lamborghini ang'onoang'ono odziwika amatsogolera kayendetsedwe kazinthu kwa zaka pafupifupi 10, koma adapitilizabe kutsatira zochitika zazikulu mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake (1993). Mtundu womaliza womwe adapeza ndi Lamborghini Diablo (1990). Maguluwa adapangidwa kuti azigula komanso olemera. Lingaliro ili, mwina, lili mu logo ya kampaniyo, yomwe ikuyimira mphamvu, mphamvu komanso kudzidalira. 

Chizindikirocho chinasintha pang'ono utoto mpaka utalandira mtundu womaliza - ng'ombe yankhondo yomenyera golide yakuda. Amakhulupirira kuti wolemba lingaliroli anali Ferruccio Lamborghini mwiniwake. Mwinanso udindo wina unachitikira ndi chizindikiro cha zodiac chomwe mbuye wake adabadwa (28.04.1916/XNUMX/XNUMX - chizindikiro cha Taurus). Kuphatikiza apo, anali wokonda kwambiri ndewu zamphongo.

Poyerekeza ndi ng'ombe yamphongo imagwidwa mwaluso pomenya nkhondo ndi matador. Ndipo mayina amitunduyo amaperekedwa polemekeza ma toros odziwika, omwe adadziwika munkhondo. Chofanizira chimodzimodzi ndikulumikizana pakati pa nyama yamphamvu yoopsa ndi mphamvu yamakina, yoyamba yopangidwa ndi Lamborghini - thalakitala. 

Ng'ombeyo imayikidwa pa chishango chakuda. Pali mtundu wina womwe Ferruccio "adabwereka" kwa Enzo Ferrari kuti amukwiyitse mwanjira ina. Mitundu ya ma logo a Ferrari ndi a Lamborghini amatsutsana kwambiri, kavalo wakuda wakuda wochokera pachizindikiro cha magalimoto a Enzo ali pakati pa chikopa chachikaso. Koma zomwe Lamborghini adatsogoleredwa ndikupanga chizindikiro chake chosiyanitsa - tsopano palibe amene anganene motsimikiza, ikhala chinsinsi chake.

Mbiri yamagalimoto pamitundu 

Chithunzi choyambirira kwambiri, choyimira Lamborghini 350 GTV, chidawonetsedwa pa chiwonetsero cha Turin mkatikati mwa nthawi yophukira 1963. Galimotoyo idathamanga mpaka 280 km / h, inali ndi mphamvu 347 yamahatchi, injini ya V12 komanso mipando ya mipando iwiri. Pambuyo pake miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mtundu wa serial udayamba kale ku Geneva.

Lamborghini 350 GTV (1964)

Mtundu wotsatira wa Lamborghini 400 GT, womwe sunachite bwino pang'ono, udawonetsedwa mu 1966. Thupi lake linali la aluminiyamu, thupi lidasinthidwa pang'ono, mphamvu yamainjini (350 ndiyamphamvu) ndi voliyumu (malita 3,9) idakulanso.

Lamborghini 400 GT (1966)

Galimoto idagulitsidwa bwino, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zitheke kuyambitsa mtundu wapamwamba wa Lamborghini Miura, woperekedwa kwa "chiweruzo cha owonerera" mu Marichi chaka chomwecho cha 1966 pachionetsero cha Geneva, ndipo chidakhala mtundu wazidziwitso. Zithunzizo zidawonetsedwa ndi a Lamborghini omwe pa 65th Turin Auto Show. Galimotoyo inali yosiyana ndi mitundu yam'mbuyomu pomwe panali magetsi oyatsa kutsogolo. Mtunduwu wabweretsa kutchuka padziko lonse lapansi.

Lamborghini Miura (1966-1969)

Ndipo patapita zaka ziwiri (mu 1968) chitsanzocho chinasinthidwa mu Lamborghini Miura P400S, yomwe inali ndi injini yamphamvu kwambiri. Anali ndi dashboard yosinthidwa, yoyikidwa ndi chrome m'mazenera, ndipo mawindo amagetsi anali ndi magetsi.

Kusinthidwa kwa Lamborghini Miura - P400S (1968)

Komanso mu 1968, Lamborghini Islero 400 GT idatulutsidwa. Dzinalo limalumikizidwa ndi ng'ombe yomwe idagonjetsa matador wotchuka Manuel Rodriguez mu 1947.

Lamborghini Islero 400 GT (1968)

Chaka chomwecho kutulutsidwa kwa Lamborghini Espada, yomwe imamasulira kuti "tsamba la matador", inali mtundu woyamba wokhala ndi mipando inayi yopangidwira banja.

Lamborghini Lupanga (1968 g.)

Mphamvu zamagalimoto zikukulirakulirabe, ndipo mchaka cha 70, pamalingaliro a wopanga a Marcello Gandini, Urraco P250 subcompact (2,5 malita) akuwonekera, ndikutsatiridwa ndi Lamborghini Jarama 400 GT yokhala ndi injini ya V12 ya malita 4.

Lamborghini Urraco P250 (1970 om)

Kuphulika kwenikweni kunachitika mu 1971, pomwe Lamborghini Countach wosintha adapangidwa, yemwe pambuyo pake adakhala "chip" cha chizindikirocho, kapangidwe kazitseko zomwe zidabwerekedwa ndi opanga ma supercar ambiri. Inali ndi injini yamphamvu kwambiri panthawiyo V12 Bizzarrini injini yokhala ndi mahatchi 365, zomwe zidalola kuti galimotoyo ifulumire mpaka 300 km / h.

Galimotoyo idayambitsidwa mndandanda wazaka zitatu pambuyo pake, italandira makonzedwe abwino a mpweya wabwino malinga ndi zofunikira zamagetsi, ndipo mwanjira yabwino idakhala mpikisano waukulu wa Ferrari. Dzinalo limalumikizidwa ndi kudabwitsidwa (umu ndi momwe kudandaula kumamveka mu chimodzi mwazilankhulo zaku Italiya pakuwona chinthu chokongola). Malinga ndi mtundu wina, "Countach" amatanthauza chisangalalo chosangalatsa cha "ng'ombe yopatulika!"

Zotengera za Lamborghini

Mapeto a mgwirizano ndi aku America adapangitsa kuti zitheke kukhazikitsa ndikuwonetsa mu 1977 ku Geneva Motor Show lingaliro latsopanoli - gulu lankhondo lomwe silinayende panjira Lamborghini Cheetah ("Cheetah") ndi injini yochokera ku Chrysler. Chitsanzocho chinadabwitsa ngakhale okayikira odziwika kwambiri, omwe sanayembekezere chilichonse chatsopano kuchokera ku kampaniyo.

Mwanawankhosa wa Lamborghini (1977)

Kusintha kwa umwini mu 1980 - Gulu la Mimran ndi Purezidenti Patrick Mimran - zidabweretsa mitundu ina iwiri: wotsatira wa Cheetah wotchedwa LM001 ndi Jalpa roadster. Potengera mphamvu, LM001 idapitilira omwe adalipo kale: 455 ndiyamphamvu yokhala ndi injini ya 12 lita V5,2.

Lamborghini Jalpa wokhala ndi thupi la targa (koyambirira kwama 80s) Lamborghini LM001 SUV

Mu 1987, kampaniyo idalandidwa ndi Chrysler ("Chrysler"). Ndipo posachedwa, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira 1990, mtundu pachionetsero ku Monte Carlo umawonetsa wolowa m'malo mwa Countach - Diablo ndi injini yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa LM001 - 492 ndiyamphamvu yokhala ndi malita 5,7. M'masekondi 4, galimotoyo idatenga liwiro la pafupifupi 100 km / h kuchokera pomwe idayimilira ndikufulumira mpaka 325 km / h.

Wotsatira wowerengera - Lamborghini Diablo (1990)

Ndipo pafupifupi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi pambuyo pake (Disembala 1995) mtundu wosangalatsa wa Diablo wokhala ndi zotulutsa zochotseka ku Bologna Auto Show.

Lamborghini Diablo wokhala ndi zochotseka pamwamba (1995)

Mwini womaliza wa chizindikirocho kuyambira 1998 anali Audi, yemwe adalanda Lamborghini kwa wochita ndalama ku Indonesia. Ndipo kale mu 2001, pambuyo pa Diablo, mawonekedwe osinthidwa kwambiri amapezeka - supercar yayikulu ya Murcielago. Zinali zazikulu kwambiri kupanga galimoto okonzeka ndi injini 12 yamphamvu.

Lamborghini Murcielago (2001)

Kuphatikiza apo, mu 2003, mndandanda wa Gallardo unatsatiridwa, wosiyanitsidwa ndi kuphatikizika kwake. Kufunika kwakukulu kwa mtunduwu kunapangitsa kuti pakhale zaka zochepa zopitilira 11 zisanathe zaka 3000.

Lamborghini Gallardo (2003)

Mwini watsopanoyo wasintha Murcielago, ndikuipatsa mphamvu zowonjezera (700 ndiyamphamvu) ndikuipatsa injini yamphamvu yamphamvu 12 hp 6,5. Ndipo mu 2011, sitima yayikulu ya Aventador idachoka pamzera.

Patatha zaka zitatu (2014) a Lamborghini Gallardo adakwezedwa. Wolowa m'malo mwake, Huracan, adalandira mphamvu 610, ma cylinders 10 (V10) ndi injini yama 5,2 malita. Galimoto imatha kuthamanga mpaka 325 km / h.

Lamborghini Aventador (2011 g.) Lamborghini Huracan

Mfundo yofunika: Kampaniyo imasiya kudabwitsa otsatirawo mpaka lero. Nkhani ya a Lamborghini ndiyodabwitsa mukamawona kuti yemwe adayambitsa chizindikirocho adayamba kupanga magalimoto othamanga kwambiri matrakitala atangotha. Palibe amene angaganize kuti mbuye wachinyamata komanso wolakalaka amatha kupikisana ndi Enzo Ferrari wotchuka.

Ma supercars opangidwa ndi Lamborghini adayamikiridwa kuyambira pachitsanzo choyambirira, chomwe chidatulutsidwa mu 1963. Espada ndi Diablo anali omwe amakonda kwambiri pamsonkhanowu kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 90. Pamodzi ndi Murcielago watsopano, akupambanabe mpaka pano. Tsopano kampaniyo, yomwe ndi gawo lalikulu la nkhawa za Volkswagen AG, ili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu ndipo imapanga magalimoto osachepera 2000 pachaka.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi mitundu ya Lamborghini ndi iti? Kuphatikiza pa supercars (Miura kapena Countach), kampaniyo imapanga crossovers (Urus) ndi mathirakitala (woyambitsa mtunduwu analinso ndi kampani yayikulu yopanga thirakitala).