Yesani galimoto ya Honda Civic Type R: mawonekedwe agalimoto
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Yesani galimoto ya Honda Civic Type R: mawonekedwe agalimoto

Yesani galimoto ya Honda Civic Type R: mawonekedwe agalimoto

Kuwonetsera ndi kuyendetsa kwa Honda Civic Type R ku Bulgaria ndi chifukwa china chotembenukira ku chiyambi cha chitsanzo ichi.

Pambuyo kubwerera miyala ku Fomula 1 ndi kusintha kwina kuchokera mwachibadwa aspirated kuti turbo-petulo mayunitsi, khama la Honda injiniya watsala pang'ono kulipira. Pambuyo pazaka zambiri zachipambano mumasewera apaderawa, opanga Honda ndi oyang'anira adawona kuti ali ndi luso lokwanira kuti abwererenso mopambana. Koma zinthu zakhala zovuta kwambiri, ndipo ma turbine amakono ojambulira mwachindunji, ophatikizidwa ndi makina osakanizidwa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri kuti apange ndikupereka mphamvu, zakhala zovuta. Zinthu sizinali zowoneka bwino kwambiri poyamba, panali zovuta ndi turbocharger yosakhazikika ndi masanjidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa mphamvu yocheperako. Koma ndi kudzikundikira kwa nthawi ndi chitukuko cha dongosolo, kusintha masanjidwe, zipangizo ndi maulamuliro, kupanga njira kuyaka ndi chipinda choyambirira, iwo anayamba kugwa. Kuyambira nyengo yotsatira, gulu la Red Bull lidzalandira mphamvu zamagetsi kuchokera ku Honda, ndipo ichi ndi chizindikiro chakuti akatswiri a ku Japan akwanitsa kubwereranso panjira yoyenera. Monga, mwa njira, nthawi zambiri m'mbiri yake. Honda si mawu a maganizo Japanese, komanso maganizo ake. Zomwe sangataye nazo ndikukhala patsogolo pa uinjiniya, kaya zimamubweretsera phindu lalikulu kapena ayi. Onse mu motorsport ndi dziko lenileni, Honda limasonyeza kusinthasintha ndi luso kusintha, ndi makhalidwe amphamvu a magalimoto nthawi zonse pamodzi ndi mtundu kudalirika odziwika bwino, makamaka injini zake. Kufotokozera mwachidule mbiri yaukadaulo ya kampaniyi, kusaka ndi Google, kapena tsamba labwino kwambiri la buku lanzeru la Adriano Cimarosi The Complete History of Grand Prix Motor Racing ziwulula mfundo zosangalatsa. Mu nyengo za 1986/1987/1988, injini za Honda za 1,5-lita turbocharged zidayendetsa magalimoto monga Williams ndi McLaren. Mtundu wa 1987 akuti wafika pamlingo wodabwitsa wa 1400 hp. m'matembenuzidwe ophunzitsira komanso mumipikisano pafupifupi 900 hp. Magawo awa adatsimikiziranso kuti ndiwothandiza komanso odalirika. Komabe, alibe jekeseni wachindunji, womwe ndi wofunikira kwambiri pakuphatikizana kotereku ndi kutentha mu masilindala, koma amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zakunja - akatswiri a Honda, mwachitsanzo, m'malo mwa zigawo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu kwamatenthedwe ndi zonse- ceramic kapena zokutira za ceramic. , ndipo mbali zambiri zimapangidwa ndi zitsulo zowala kwambiri. Mu 1988, McLaren-Honda anapambana zigonjetso 15, ndipo anakhala ngwazi dziko Ayrton Senna. Ndipo ichi ndi chinthu chochititsa chidwi kwambiri - patangopita chaka chimodzi, injini ya Honda yamphamvu mwachilengedwe imapambananso. Dzina lakuti Honda linakhala scarecrow kwa aliyense ndipo limanyamula fanoli mpaka lero.

Kuchokera mumsewu waukulu kupita kumsewu komanso kumbuyo ...

Komabe, kumatanthauza chiyani kukhala wopambana mu motorsport, kaya pa Formula 1, Indycar kapena TCR mabwalo, kupatula kusangalatsa kwa mafani ndikuwonetsa chidziwitso chaukadaulo. Kupatula apo, zazikulu kapena ayi, kampani iliyonse yamagalimoto imayitanidwa kuti ipange magalimoto, ndipo chidziwitso ndi chifaniziro cha motorsport sichizimiririka pamenepo. Kuthekera kwauinjiniya ndi kuthekera kwauinjiniya. Komabe, palinso kugwirizana kwachindunji pakati pa motorsport ndi magalimoto amtundu - magalimoto amtundu wina m'magulu ena, monga compacts, omwe ali ndi zitsanzo zamphamvu zamphamvu kwa anthu omwe amakonda kuya kwa lingaliro la "kuyendetsa". Ndi zosintha zazing'ono, amapita kumayendedwe ndikupikisana nawo. Izi ndi momwe zilili ndi Civic Type R.

Mtundu watsopanowu ukuwoneka zaka ziwiri zokha kuchokera koyambirira, ndipo injini yake ikukula m'njira zambiri, koma galimotoyo ndiyosiyana mosiyanasiyana. Cholinga cha izi ndikuti chitukuko chake chidachitika chimodzimodzi ndikukula kwa mtundu woyambira, womwe nawonso udapangidwa kuti ukhale wopereka mokwanira wa Type R.

Chimenenso, ndi chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri chamitundu yosavuta ya Civic. Zoonadi, ogulitsa amapereka chithandizo chachikulu pakupanga galimoto - kaya ndi turbocharger, makina oyendetsa magetsi ndi jekeseni wa mafuta, zigawo za galimoto, zipangizo za thupi, ndipo kuyambira pano, udindo wa wopanga galimoto ndi wovuta kwambiri. Mainjiniya ndi omwe amapanga njira zoyatsira ndi zida zomwe zilipo, kuwerengera kuzirala kwa injini ndi mitundu ya aloyi, kuphatikiza zonse ndi ma aerodynamics ndi mphamvu zamapangidwe amthupi, kuthetsa ma equation ovuta a master circuit okhala ndi kuthekera kwa othandizira. Monga momwe Elon Musk anadzitsimikizira, "bizinesi yamagalimoto ndi ntchito yovuta." Kuyang'anitsitsa ngakhale Tesla S yapamwamba idzawulula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mawu kwa inu ndikuwonetsanso momwe galimotoyo ilili yovuta.

Honda Civic - khalidwe loyamba

Pathupi la Civic Type R, simupeza chonchi. Tanena kale mwatsatanetsatane muzinthu za mtundu wa dizilo wamtunduwu. Apa, tingonena kuti kukana kwa thupi kwachulukira ndi 37 peresenti ndi mphamvu yopindika ndi 45 peresenti chifukwa cha zitsulo zapamwamba kwambiri komanso zolimba kwambiri, njira zatsopano zowotcherera, kamangidwe kachipinda cha anthu okwera komanso mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimaphatikizidwapo. . Kubwezera kulemera kowonjezereka kwa zigawo zina chifukwa cha mphamvu zomangika kwambiri, chophimba chakutsogolo chimapangidwa ndi aluminiyumu. MacPherson strut ndi ma axle am'mbuyo ambiri ndizofunikira kuti mukhale ndimayendedwe abwino amsewu, koma izi zasinthidwa mtundu wa R. Anasintha kusintha kwa nkhwangwa za mabawuti a shank ndi ngodya ya mawilo, adapanga masinthidwe enieni okhudzana ndi kufunikira kocheperako kufalikira kwa kugwedezeka kuchokera ku torque kupita ku chiwongolero. Ma kinematics ovuta a gudumu omwe ali ndi udindo wosunga tayala panthawi yokhazikika yasintha, ndipo gawo lapansi la zinthuzo limapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu. Kuyimitsidwa kwatsopano kwamitundu yambiri kumathandiziranso kukhazikika kwachangu, pomwe njanji yayikulu imalola kuti mabuleki pambuyo pake komanso kuthamanga kwambiri pamakona. Mikono yapamwamba, yapansi ndi yopendekeka ndi zinthu zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zimafanana ndi mtundu wa R. Kuti mugawirenso kulemera kwa galimoto, thanki yamafuta iyenera kusunthidwa kumbuyo, kuchepetsa kulemera kwa chitsulo chakutsogolo ndi 3 peresenti poyerekeza ndi Civic yapitayi. . .

Injini, la Honda

Payokha, wopambana mphoto 2.0 VTEC Turbo injini ndi wina Honda mwaluso ndi 320 HP. ndi 400 Nm ya awiri-lita kusamutsidwa ndi kudalirika muyenera pa tsiku ndi sporty galimoto. Mkangano waukulu womwe umapezeka m'galimoto umapezeka pakati pa ma silinda ndi pistoni, ndipo Honda nthawi zonse amadalira zokutira zapamwamba kwambiri kuti achepetse izi. Dongosolo lodziwika bwino la VTEC pano limagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Popeza galimoto imagwiritsa ntchito turbocharger imodzi-jet, akatswiri amapanga ma valve otulutsa mpweya wosiyanasiyana kuti apereke mpweya wofunikira malinga ndi katundu. Izi zimatengera ntchito ya compressor ya geometry yosinthika. Njira ziwiri zosinthira magawo zimayang'anira nthawi yotsegulira kutengera katundu ndi liwiro, komanso kuphatikizika kwawo m'dzina la kuyankha bwino kwa turbine ndi kuwononga mpweya. Kuponderezana kwa 9,8: 1 ndikokwera kwambiri kwa galimoto ya turbocharged yokhala ndi mphamvu yaikulu yotere, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito chowotcha chachikulu kwambiri cha kutentha kwa mpweya. Ngakhale kupatsirana ndi makina, zamagetsi zimagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wapakatikati posintha magiya kuti agwirizane ndi liwiro la injini ndi shaft yofananira. Mafuta otumizira omwewo, omwe amawongoleredwa ndi njira ya mpweya, amasungunulidwa ndi intercooler yamadzi.

Dongosolo utsi ndi nozzles atatu komanso mwachindunji okhudzana ndi ntchito ya injini. Ichi si chikhumbo chodziwonetsera - machubu aliwonse ali ndi cholinga chake chenicheni. Machubu akuluakulu akunja amapereka kutuluka kwa mpweya kuchokera ku injini, pamene machubu amkati amawongolera phokoso lopangidwa. Kawirikawiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezeka ndi 10 peresenti poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimayambira, ndipo izi zimachepetsa kupanikizika kwa msana mu dongosolo. Chidziwitso chachikulu cha Honda cha kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka njinga zamoto (ndi kufunikira kwake kwa injini za sitiroko ziwiri) zimapindulitsa apa: pothamanga, chubu lamkati limapereka gawo lalikulu. Komabe, pansi pa katundu wapakatikati, kupanikizika pakati pa chitoliro kumakhala koipa, ndipo dongosolo limayamba kuyamwa mpweya. Izi zimathandizira kuti phokoso liziyenda bwino komanso kuti lizigwira ntchito mwakachetechete. Ntchentche yamtundu umodzi, yomwe imachepetsa inertia ya flywheel-clutch system ndi 25 peresenti, imathandizira kuyankha mofulumira kwa injini. Jekete lamadzi lawiri lozungulira manifolds ophatikizika ophatikizika limathandiza kufulumizitsa kutentha kwa injini ndi kuzizira kotsatira kwa mpweya, zomwe zimapulumutsa turbine.

Zowonjezedwa pa izi ndikuphatikiza kwa njira zina za Civic komanso mtundu wa R. Makoma otetezera amatambasuliridwa kuti azikhala ndi matayala akulu, oyang'ana panja, kapangidwe kake kadzaza ndimalo owonera bwino kwambiri, komanso otchedwa. "Makatani amlengalenga" ndi mapiko akulu akumbuyo "amasiyanitsa" mpweya, ndikupanga zina zowonjezera kumbuyo. Njira zogwiritsira ntchito poyimitsa zosinthira (zokhala ndi valavu yamagetsi yomwe imayendetsa kayendedwe ka mafuta ndikuwongolera kosiyana kwa gudumu lirilonse), momwe gasi limayendera ndi chiwongolero (chokhala ndi magiya awiri) zasintha. Tsopano njira za Comfort, Sport ndi zatsopano + R ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi machitidwe awo. Mabuleki amaperekedwa ndi zida zopumira pisitoni zinayi zokhala ndi ma 350 mm disc kutsogolo ndi 305 mm kumbuyo. Ndipo popeza kuchuluka kwamphamvu koteroko kumakhala kovuta kuwongolera mukamangosunthira kumtunda wakutsogolo, chomalizirachi chimakhala ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa nyongolotsi, womwe ndi mtundu wapadera wa torso.

Chifukwa cha izi, komanso kuyimitsidwa kwapadera kutsogolo ndi mphamvu yayikulu, Type R imathamanga bwino kuposa omwe amapikisana nawo monga Seat Cupra 300, ndipo panjira imasandulika ngati Galimoto yoyendera yolimbitsa thupi komanso mayankho olimba. pa chiwongolero. Komabe, ma dampers osinthika komanso magalimoto osinthasintha amapereka chitonthozo chokwanira ngakhale pakuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku.

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