Kodi loko ndi chiyani?

Monga dalaivala wodziwa kuyendetsa bwino, mukudziwa kuti drivetrain ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pagalimoto. Mukudziwa kuti kusiyanitsa ndikofunikira kwambiri pakufalitsa.

Kusiyanitsa ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, ndi chinthu (limagwirira) cholumikizidwa molumikizana ndi ma axel a mawilo, ntchito yayikulu ndikutumiza kwa iwo. Kutumiza kwa makokoko ndikotheka pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimatchedwa "mapulaneti zida".

Ntchito ina yofunika, yomwe imagwiridwa ndi kusiyanasiyana, ndikupatsa kuthekera kosinthasintha kwa magudumu oyendetsa galimoto ikatembenuka kapena ikadutsa malo ovuta komanso ovuta.

Kodi loko ndi chiyani?

Tisanalankhule za izi, tiwone momwe ntchito yamagwiridwe anthawi zonse imagwirira ntchito.

Ndipo kotero .. The classic (standard) masiyanidwe, kapena, monga amatchulidwanso, "masiyanidwe otseguka", amasamutsa mphamvu kuchokera ku injini kupita ku chitsulo, chomwe chimalola magudumu kuti azungulira mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana potembenuza makina.

Popeza mtunda umene gudumu lirilonse liyenera kuyendapo potembenuka ndi wosiyana (gudumu limodzi limakhala ndi utali wozungulira wokulirapo kuposa gudumu linalo, lomwe lili ndi utali wocheperako wamkati), kusiyana kumathetsa vutoli potumiza torque pa ma axles a mawilo awiriwo. makina ake. Chotsatira chake ndi chakuti galimotoyo imatha kuyendetsa ndikutembenuka bwino.

Tsoka ilo, makinawa ali ndi zovuta zina. Imayesetsa kusamutsa makokedwe kupita kosavuta.

Kodi izi zikutanthauzanji?

Ngati mawilo onse awiri pachitsulo ali ndi mphamvu yofanana ndi mphamvu yofunikira kuti azungulire gudumu lirilonse, kusiyana kotseguka kumagawa nthawi yomweyo pakati pawo. Komabe, ngati pali kusiyana pakokoka (mwachitsanzo, gudumu limodzi lili phula ndipo linalo limagwera mu dzenje kapena ayezi), kusiyanako kumayamba kugawa torque pagudumu lomwe limazungulira ndi kuyesetsa pang'ono (perekani makokedwe ambiri kugudumu lakumenya ayezi kapena dzenje).

Potsirizira pake, gudumu lotsalira pa phula lidzaleka kulandira makokedwe ndi kuyima, pomwe linalo limayendetsa makokedwe onsewo ndikusinthasintha pang'onopang'ono.

Zonsezi zimakhudza kuyendetsa ndi kuyendetsa galimoto, ndipo zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti mutuluke mu dzenje kapena kuyenda pa ayezi.

Kodi loko ndi chiyani?

Loko losiyanitsa limalola matayala onse kuti aziyenda liwiro limodzi, chifukwa chake kutayika kwamphamvu pagudumu limodzi, mawilo onse awiri amapitabe patsogolo, mosasamala kanthu zakusiyana kwa kukana. Mwanjira ina, ngati gudumu limodzi lili phula ndipo linalo lili mdzenje kapena poterera monga matope, ayezi kapena ena, lokoyo imasamutsa mphamvu yomweyo kumagudumu onse awiri, kulola kuti gudumu lomwe lili pa ayezi kapena dzenje liziyenda mwachangu ndikutchingira galimotoyo kumiza. Kusiyanitsa kotseka kumatha kuwonjezeredwa kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo kwazitsulo, ndipo kumatha kuwonjezeredwa pazitsulo zonse.

Masiyanidwe mitundu loko

Kutengera digiri, kutsekera kosiyanaku kumatha kukhala kwathunthu kapena pang'ono:

• Kutsekereza kwathunthu kumatanthauza kulumikizana kolimba kwa zinthu zosiyana, momwe makokedwe amatha kupatsira kwathunthu ku gudumu ndikunyamula bwino
• Tsamba losiyanitsa mosiyanasiyana limakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa zopatsirana zamagawo kusiyanasiyana komanso kuwonjezeka kofanana kwa makokedwe a gudumu loyenda bwino

Pali maloko osiyanasiyana, koma amatha kugawidwa m'magulu akulu akulu:

• masiyanidwe omwe amatseka mwamphamvu (100%)
• Makinawa zokhotakhota masiyanidwe
• kusiyana kwapang'onopang'ono - LSD

Kutseka kwathunthu kwa 100%

Ndikutseka kotereku, kusiyanako kumatha kugwira ntchito zake ndikukhala cholumikizira chosavuta chomwe chimalumikiza ma axles ndi shafts ndikuwapatsira makokedwe nthawi yomweyo. Kutsekereza kwathunthu kusiyanitsa, ndikwanira kutchinga kuzungulira kwa ma axles, kapena kulumikiza chikho chosiyanitsira ndi chimodzi mwazitsulo. Kutseka kotereku kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito makina amagetsi, a pneumatic kapena ma hydraulic ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi driver.

Komabe, kutsekereza kwathunthu sikuvomerezeka, chifukwa injini yamagalimoto sikuti imangodzaza kwambiri, koma kufalitsa, gearbox ndi matayala, omwe amatha msanga kwambiri, nawonso amadwala kwambiri.

Zosiyanasiyana Zochepa Zochepa - LSD

Kusiyanitsa kwamtunduwu ndikumvana kosavuta pakati pamiyeso yotseguka ndi loko kwathunthu, chifukwa kumangokulolani kuyigwiritsa ntchito pakufunika kutero. Ubwino waukulu kwambiri wa LSD ndikuti galimoto ikayendetsedwa mumisewu yosalala kapena misewu yayikulu, imagwira ntchito ngati "yotseguka", ndipo poyendetsa malo ovuta, kusiyanitsa "kotseguka" kumakhala malo otsekera, omwe amatsimikizira kuyendetsa kopanda mavuto. kutembenuka ndi kukwera kapena kutsika m'misewu yosagwirizana, yodzaza mayenje komanso yamatope. Kusintha kuchoka "kotseguka" mpaka kusiyanasiyana ndikofulumira kwambiri komanso kosavuta ndipo kumachitika kudzera pa batani lapa dashboard.

LSD ili ndi mitundu itatu yayikulu:

• chimbale limagwirira
• zida za nyongolotsi
• viscous chomangira

Ndi disk loko

Kukangana kumapangidwa pakati pa ma disc. Chidutswa chimodzi cha friction chimalumikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi kapu yosiyanitsa, ndipo china ndi shaft.

Kutsekemera kwa nyongolotsi

Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndiyosavuta: kuwonjezeka kwa makokedwe a gudumu limodzi kumabweretsa kutsekereza pang'ono ndi kufalitsa kwa makokedwe kupita pagudumu lina. (Kutsekemera kwa nyongolotsi kumatchedwanso Torque Sensing).

Viscous chomangira

Amakhala ndi zimbale zotsekedwa bwino, zomwe zimakhala mnyumba yosindikizidwa yodzaza ndi silicone fluid, yolumikizidwa ndi chikho chosiyanitsira ndi shaft yoyendetsa. Mawilo a angular ali ofanana, masiyanidwewo amagwira ntchito munjira yabwinobwino, koma liwiro lakuzungulira kwa shaft likakulirakulira, ma disc omwe amakhala pamenepo amawonjezera liwiro lawo ndipo silicone mnyumbayo amauma. Chifukwa chowopsa kwambiri, kutsekereza kotere sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.

Makinawa potseka masiyanidwe

Mosiyana ndi kulukana pamanja, ndikulumikizana kwazokha, kuwongolera kosiyanasiyana kumachitika ndi mapulogalamu. Kuthamanga kwa kasinthasintha kwa gudumu limodzi kukuwonjezeka, kuthamanga kumakulirakulira mu mabuleki ndipo liwiro lake limachepa. Pachifukwa ichi, mphamvu yokoka imakhala yokwera, ndipo makokedwewo amapititsidwa ku gudumu lina.

Kugawikanso kwa makokedwe ndi kufanana kwamathamangidwe angular kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi braking system. Ndi mapulogalamu omwe amayendetsedwa ndi makina owongolera, osiyanitsa okhaokha sakhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera ndipo si LSD.

Kodi galimoto iliyonse imatha kusiyanasiyana?

Loko losiyanitsa nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito pagalimoto zamasewera kapena ma SUV. Makamaka pankhani yama SUV, kusiyanitsa kotsekera kumayikidwa kale pomwe magalimoto asonkhanitsidwa. Ngakhale kutsekera kosiyanitsa ndikulimbikitsidwa makamaka kwa ma SUV, ndizotheka kuti loko wosiyanayo utha kuchitidwa pamtundu wina wamagalimoto. Magalimoto omwe alibe mawonekedwe osiyana pafakitole amatha kusinthidwa ndikusinthidwa.

Kodi ntchito?

Ngati mukufuna kutseka masiyanidwewo, muyenera kulumikizana ndi malo othandizira omwe amapereka ntchito zofananira. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa ndi pomwepo pomwe angakuuzeni ngati zomwe zili m'galimoto yanu ndizoyenera kukweza kapena ayi. Ngati ndi kotheka, akatswiri akupemphani kuti mugwirizane ndi zinthu zomwe zingasinthe mawonekedwe achikale otseguka.

Kodi loko yosiyanitsa ndiyothandiza?

Zimatengera zifukwa zingapo! Ngati mukuyendetsa galimoto yofananira ndipo nthawi zambiri mumayendetsa m'misewu ikuluikulu, misewu yamatauni kapena misewu ya asphalt, kutsekereza kusiyanasiyana kulibe tanthauzo. Poterepa, masiyanidwe apakalepo adzagwira ntchitoyi mwangwiro.

Loko losiyanitsa lidzakhala lothandiza ngati mukuyendetsa galimoto ya SUV ndikukonda kuyenda panjira yovuta. Izi zidzakuthandizani ngati mukukhala m'dera lomwe nthawi yozizira imabweretsa mavuto akulu (chipale chofewa, misewu nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi ayezi, ndi zina zambiri)

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi Electronic Simulated Differential Lock ndi chiyani? Ndi makina apakompyuta omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mabuleki agalimoto kuti apereke chithunzi chakuti kusiyana kwatsekedwa (kuteteza mawilo oyendetsa kuti asatengeke).

ДKodi loko yotsekera ma axle yakumbuyo ndi ya chiyani? Chotsekera chosiyana chimafunika kuti mawilo oyendetsa asadutse pamisewu yosakhazikika. Zimapanga ma traction mosasamala mtundu wagalimoto.

Kodi kusiyana kocheperako ndi kotani? Kusiyanitsa kodziletsa kumafunika kuti gudumu lozungulira momasuka lisatenge ma torque onse. makinawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamagalimoto oyendetsa magudumu anayi.