Kodi pampu yamafuta pamgalimoto ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito

Pampu yamagesi ndi gawo lofunikira m'galimoto, popanda zomwe sizingatheke kupereka mafuta kuzipangizo zama injini ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuyatsa mafuta osakaniza mpweya kuti akhazikitse gulu la pisitoni. Woyendetsa galimoto aliyense ayenera kumvetsetsa momwe magawo osiyanasiyana agalimoto amagwirira ntchito. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mumvetsetse zoyenera kuchita ngati galimoto sakufuna kuyambitsa, kapena masheya pomwe mukuyendetsa.

Kodi mpope wamafuta umapezeka kuti?

Komwe kuli mpope wamafuta kumadalira mtundu wamagalimoto. Mu tingachipeze powerenga ndi injini kotenga nthawi, limagwirira izi zikhoza kuikidwa pafupi ndi crankshaft lapansi. Zithunzi zokhala ndi mota wopingasa zitha kukhala ndi pampu yamakina, yomwe imayikidwa m'dera la camshaft. Awa ndi malo wamba pamakina osinthidwa.

Ponena zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto obayira, kapangidwe kake ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa kamzake kamakina. Pogwira ntchito, pampu yotere imapanga phokoso labwino. Kuphatikiza pa phokoso komanso kunjenjemera, kusinthidwa kwamagetsi kumatentha kwambiri.

Pazifukwa izi, mainjiniya opanga opanga magalimoto ambiri adayika makinawa molunjika mu thanki yamafuta. Chifukwa cha ichi, kugwira ntchito kwa mpope wamafuta sikungamveke ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuli bwino.

Cholinga ndi momwe kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mpope wamafuta

Dzina la chipangizocho chimalankhula za cholinga chake. Pampu imapopera mafuta kuchokera kosungira kupita ku carburetor kapena kudzera muma jakisoni molunjika m'mipilala yomwe. Mfundo yogwirira ntchito gawo silidalira kukula kwake ndi mtundu wake.

Makina onse amakono oyaka mkati amakhala ndi mpope wamafuta wamagetsi. Zimagwira bwanji?

Kodi pampu yamafuta yamagetsi imagwira ntchito bwanji

Mitundu yamagetsi imagwira ntchitoyi. Chizindikiro chimalandiridwa kuchokera pa kompyuta yapa board, ndipo pampu imayamba kupopa mafuta pamzere. Ngati injini siyiyamba, ECU imazimitsa chipangizocho kuti chisazime.

Pamene injini ikuyenda, gawo loyang'anira limayang'anira momwe mayendedwe amapumira komanso kuthamanga kwa mafuta. Kompyutayo imasinthanso kuthamanga kwa zomwe zimatulutsa pampu kuti iwonjezere kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe akutumizidwa.

Kodi pampu yamafuta yamagetsi imakhala ndi chiyani?

Mapampu amagetsi amagetsi amakhala ndi:

• magetsi;
• chowombelera hayidiroliki.

Galimoto yamagetsi imafunika kuti mafuta asadalire kuthamanga kwa injini yagalimoto, monga momwe makina amasinthira.

Gawo lachiwiri limakhala ndi valavu yachitetezo (imathandizira kuthamanga mopitilira muyeso) ndi valavu yowunika (salola kuti mafuta abwerere mu thanki).

Mitundu yamapampu amafuta ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito

Mapampu onse amafuta agawika m'magulu awiri:

• makina;
• zamagetsi.

Ngakhale ntchito yayikulu ya zidazo imakhalabe yofanana, imasiyana pakati pawo momwe imagwirira ntchito.

Mawotchi mtundu

Gulu la mapampu a mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa injini za carburetor. Amayikidwa pafupi kwambiri ndi mota, chifukwa amayendetsedwa ndi kusinthasintha camshaft (Pamagalimoto oyendetsa kutsogolo, camshaft imakhala ndi eccentric yomwe imayendetsa pusher ya lever pampu) kapena kasinthasintha ka mota pump (magalimoto oyendetsa kumbuyo).

Mapampu awa ali ndi kapangidwe kosavuta. Mkati mwawo muli chifanizo chodzaza masika. Pakatikati, amamangiriridwa ku ndodo yomwe imatsutsana ndi mkono woyendetsa. Pali mavavu awiri kumtunda kwa thupi. Wina amagwira ntchito yolowetsa mafuta mchipinda, winayo kuti atuluke. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amaperekedwa kwa carburetor kumatengera malo omwe ali pamwamba pampopu.

Camshaft eccentric (kapena, pankhani yamagalimoto oyenda kumbuyo, kamera yamafuta oyendetsa mafuta) imayendetsa pusher, yomwe, pogwiritsa ntchito lever, imasintha mawonekedwe a nembanemba. Pamene eccentric ikuyenda, chotsekerocho chimatsitsidwa ndikupanga zingalowe mu chotengera cha pampu. Zotsatira zake, valavu yolowera imayambitsidwa ndipo mafuta amalowa mchipinda.

Kusuntha kotsatira kwa cam cam kumalola kasupe wonyamula kasupe kubwerera kumalo ake. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chipindacho chikhale chovuta, ndipo mafuta kudzera mu valavu yotulutsa amapita ku carburetor.

Pampu yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi mitundu yawo

Mapampu amagetsi amagetsi amaikidwa pama mota amtundu wa jekeseni. Pachifukwa ichi, mafuta akuyenera kuperekedwa atapanikizika, chifukwa chake mitundu yamagetsi ilibe ntchito pano.

Mapampu otere amatha kupezeka kale m'malo osiyanasiyana amafuta, popeza amakhala ndi magetsi kale. Mwa mitundu yonse, pali mitundu itatu yayikulu:

1. wodzigudubuza;
2. centrifugal;
3. zida.

1) Mapampu oyendetsa makina amaikidwa paliponse pamzere wamafuta. Amagwira ntchito yosunthira oyendetsa mkati mwa chowomberacho. Rotor yamagalimoto yamagetsi imapezeka ndimakina ochepa poyerekeza ndi wodzigudubuza mchipinda chowombera.

Pamene ozungulira amazungulira, wodzigudubuza amachoka kwawo, komwe kumapangidwira zingwe. Mafuta amalowa mu mpope kudzera pa valavu yolowera. Pamene woyendetsa akuyenda, mafuta amatuluka pamalopo kudzera mu valavu yotulutsa utsi.

2) Mitundu ya Centrifugal nthawi zonse imayikidwa mkati mwa thankiyo yamafuta. Mpanda umayikidwa pa shaft yamagetsi yamagetsi. Zimazungulira mkati mwa chidebe chowombera. Chipwirikiti cha mafuta m'chipindacho chimapangidwa kuchokera kuthamanga kwa masamba. Kenako, kudzera mu valavu yotulutsa utsi, mafuta amalowa mu mafuta, pomwe pamafunika kupanikizika.

3) Mtundu wa pampu yamafuta imagwiranso ntchito potembenuza shaft ndi olamulira olowera. Zida zimakhazikika ku rotor, yomwe ili mkati mwa zida zachiwiri. Mafuta amalowa m'chipindacho chifukwa cha magiya.

Magalimoto ambiri amakhala ndi mapampu a centrifugal. Amapereka kutuluka kosalala kwa mafuta ndipo ndiosavuta kupanga.

Zovuta zazikulu za mpope wamafuta

Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kosavuta, mitundu yamagetsi yamagetsi imakhala ndi moyo wautali. Ndipo makinawo samaswa. Nthawi zambiri, nembanemba, kapena kasupe yemwe amakhala pansi pake, amalephera.

Nawa zovuta pompu zamafuta zamagetsi:

• Kutenthedwa kwamagalimoto amagetsi chifukwa choyendetsa pafupipafupi ndi mafuta otsika mu thanki.
• Makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa ojambula, kapena kuwonongeka kwa zingwe zamagetsi.
• Fyuluta yotsekedwa.
• Valani magawo osuntha.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu amafuta kumayang'aniridwa motere.

1. Mawotchi. Chivundikiro chapamwamba chimachotsedwa ndipo momwe diaphragm imayang'aniridwira. Kuti muyese poyeserera, muyenera kuchotsa payipi kuchokera pa carburetor ndikuyamba injini. Ngati ndege ikuyenda mofanana komanso ndi kuthamanga kwakukulu, ndiye kuti ikugwira ntchito molondola.
2. Zamagetsi. Ndikosavuta kwambiri kuwunika momwe angagwiritsire ntchito. Poyatsira galimoto ikayatsidwa (kutembenuzira kiyi imodzi), magetsi azindikira. Pakadali pano, mpope wamafuta uyenera kuyamba kugwira ntchito. Woyendetsa ayenera kumva kulira kochepa kwamasekondi 1-1,5. Ngati mawu awa samveka, ndiye kuti china chake chachitika pampu.

Nthawi zambiri, kuwonongeka kwa mapampu amafuta kumachotsedwa ndikusintha kwawo kwathunthu. Pakakhala kulephera kwa nembanemba mumitundu yamakina, itha kusinthidwa ndi ina yatsopano pogula zida zokonzera mpope wamafuta m'sitolo.

Momwe mungayikitsire pampu wamagetsi pamagetsi a carburetor, onani kanema:

Pampu yamagetsi yamagetsi ya carburetor Kukhazikitsa kolondola kwa HEP-02A

Moyo wautumiki wa mpope wamafuta

Moyo wautumiki wa mpope wamafuta umadalira kapangidwe kake ndi zida zomwe amapangira. Kutengera mtundu wa chipangizocho, pampu yamafuta imagwira ntchito popanda zosokoneza pakati pa 100 ndi 200 makilomita zikwi za galimoto.

Mpope walephera pazifukwa zikuluzikulu ziwiri:

• m'malo mwadzidzidzi zosefera mafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, ena amangoyang'ana pazinthu zoyera zokha, koma ukhondo wa mauna, womwe umayikidwa mwachindunji pampu yokha, suyeneranso kuyang'aniridwa. Pampu ikayesera kukulitsa kupanikizika kudzera mu fyuluta yakuda, imayamba kutentha. Kukonzekera kwakanthawi kudzawonjezera moyo wa pampu;
• thanki yamafuta nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mafuta ochepa. Chifukwa cha ichi, chipangizocho sichilandira kuzirala kokwanira, chifukwa chake chiwopsezo chotentha kwambiri chimakula kwambiri.

Komanso mverani kanemayo momwe mungabwezeretsere mapampu ena:

Mitundu yama phulusa yamafuta m'galimoto ya jekeseni

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Momwe mungayang'anire ngati pampu yamafuta ikugwira ntchito? Kugwira ntchito kwa pampu yamakina amafuta kumawonetsedwa ndi kupezeka kwa petulo mu fyuluta yamafuta. Pampu yamagetsi yamagetsi imatulutsa phokoso losamveka pambuyo poyatsa.

Kodi mapampu amafuta amagawidwa bwanji molingana ndi cholinga? Pampu yotsika kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini za carburetor. Analogue ya kuthamanga kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu ya jakisoni. Kusiyanitsa kumapangidwanso pakati pa submersible ndi kunja mapampu.

Kodi mungayang'ane bwanji pampu yamafuta kunyumba? Yang'anani fuse, relay, charger cha batri ndi kukhulupirika kwa waya. Gawo lamagetsi la mpope limatuluka pafupipafupi. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa chake ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zake.