Palo ea octane ea peterole ke eng
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Palo ea octane ea peterole ke eng

Ha mokhanni a kena seteisheneng sa peterole, o paka koloi ea hae seteisheneng se itseng, se bontšang hore na ke mafura afe a ka tšeloang mafura sebakeng sena. Ntle le taba ea hore mong'a koloi o tlameha ho khetholla ka ho hlaka lipakeng tsa mofuta oa mafura (peterole, khase kapa disele), peterole e na le lihlahisoa tse 'maloa, moo lebitso le itseng le bontšitsoeng.

Linomoro tsena li emela palo ea octane ea mafura. Ho utloisisa hore na ts'ebeliso ea peterole e sa tšoaneleheng bakeng sa koloi e ka ba kotsi hakae, o hloka ho tseba hore na phapang ke efe lipakeng tsa lihlahisoa tsena, ke lintlha life tse anngoeng ke RH le hore na e ka metoa ka boikemelo.

Nomoro ea octane ke eng

Pele o utloisisa poleloana, o lokela ho hopola hore na enjene ea peterole e sebetsa ka molao-motheo ofe (ka botlalo mabapi le enjene ea mollo o ka hare bala mona). Motsoako oa peterole ea moea o tsoang tsamaisong ea mafura o fepeloa ka hara silindara, moo e hatelloang ke piston makhetlo a 'maloa (mefuteng e nang le ente e otlolohileng, moea o petelitsoe, mme peterole e fafatsoa hanghang pele tlhase e fanoa).

Qetellong ea khatello ea khatello, BTC e hotetsoa ke tlhase e matla e hlahisoang ke sistimi ea thipa, e leng li-spark plugs. Ho chesa ha motsoako oa moea le peterole ho etsahala ka tšohanyetso, ho fella ka ho lokolloa ha matla a hlomphehang, ho sutumetsa piston ka lehlakoreng le shebaneng le li-valve.

Palo ea octane ea peterole ke eng

Rea tseba ho tsoa lithutong tsa fisiks hore ha o hatelloa ka matla, moea oa chesa. Haeba BTC e petelitsoe ka har'a li-cylinders ho feta kamoo e lokelang ho ba ka teng, motsoako o tla hotetsa ka boithatelo. 'Me hangata sena ha se etsahale ha piston e etsa stroke se loketseng. Sena se bitsoa detonation ea enjene.

Haeba ts'ebetso ena e hlaha khafetsa nakong ea ts'ebetso ea enjene, e tla hloleha kapele, hobane hangata ho phatloha ha VTS ho etsahala motsotsong oo piston e qalang ho hatella motsoako kapa e so phethele seterouku. Ka motsotso ona, KShM e na le mojaro o khethehileng.

Ho lokisa bothata bona, baetsi ba makoloi ba sejoale-joale ba hlomella enjene ka li-sensor tse utloang ha motho a kokota. Setsi sa taolo ea elektroniki se fetola ts'ebetso ea sistimi ea mafura ho felisa phello ena. Haeba e ke ke ea felisoa, ECU e tima feela enjene 'me ea e thibela ho qala.

Empa hangata bothata bo rarolloa ka ho khetha mafura a loketseng - e leng, ka sekhahla sa octane se loketseng mofuta o fanoeng oa enjene ea mollo o ka hare. Nomoro lebitsong la mofuta oa peterole e bonts'a moeli oa khatello oo motsoako o ipehelang ka oona. Ha palo e phahame, peterole e tla mamella khatello pele e itšilafatsa.

Boleng bo sebetsang ba nomoro ea octane

Ho na le liphetoho tse fapaneng tsa likoloi. Li etsa khatello e fapaneng kapa khatello ka diselennere. Ha BTC e petelitsoe ka thata, koloi e tla fana ka matla a mangata. Mafura a octane a tlase a sebelisoa likoloi tse nang le khatello e tlase.

Palo ea octane ea peterole ke eng

Hangata, tsena ke likoloi tsa khale. Mefuta ea sejoale-joale lienjini tse sebetsang hantle li sebetsa, tse sebetsang hantle hape ka lebaka la khatello e phahameng. Ba sebelisa mafura a phahameng-octane. Tlhokahalo ea ho tlatsa tanka eseng ka la 92, empa peterole ea 95 kapa ea 98 e tlalehiloe litokomaneng tsa tekheniki tsa koloi.

Ke lintlha life tse amang palo ea octane

Ha peterole kapa disele e etsoa, ​​oli e aroloa ka likaroloana. Nakong ea ts'ebetso (ho hloekisa le ho arola), peterole e hloekileng e hlaha. RH ea hae e tšoana le 60.

E le hore mafura a sebelisoe lienjiniking tse ka hare tsa mollo, ntle le tšenyo ea li-cylindara, ho kenyelletsoa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng mokelikeli nakong ea ts'ebetso ea distillation.

RON ea peterole e angoa ke bongata ba metsoako ea hydrocarbon e sebetsang joalo ka moemeli oa antiknock (joalo ka li-additives tse ntseng li eketseha tsa RON tse rekisoang mabenkeleng a likoloi).

Mekhoa ea ho khetholla palo ea octane

Ho tseba hore na ke mofuta ofe oa bakhanni ba peterole ba lokelang ho sebelisa koloing ea bona e nang le enjene e itseng, moetsi o etsa liteko ka peterole ea litšupiso. Enjene e khethehileng ea ka hare ea mollo e kentsoe sethaleng. Ha ho na tlhoko ea ho kenya enjene ka botlalo, analoge e le 'ngoe ea silindara e nang le litekanyo tse ts'oanang e lekane.

Palo ea octane ea peterole ke eng

Baenjiniere ba sebelisa maemo a fapaneng ho latela nako ho fumana hore na phatloho e etsahala neng. Meeli ea mocheso oa HTS, matla a khatello le likarolo tse ling moo mafura a itseng a hotetsang a fetoha ka boikemelo. Ho ipapisitsoe le sena, ho khethoa hore na yuniti e lokela ho sebetsa mafura afe.

Mokhoa oa ho lekanya Octane

Ho ke ke ha khoneha ho etsa litekanyo tse joalo lapeng. Ho na le sesebelisoa se khethollang yuniti ea peterole ea octane. Empa mokhoa ona ha o sebelisoe hangata ke lilaboratori tsa litsebi tse lekolang boleng ba mafura a rekisoang kahara naha, hobane e na le phoso e kholo.

Ho tseba hantle RON ea peterole, baetsi ba lihlahisoa tsa peterole maemong a laboratori ba sebelisa mekhoa e 'meli:

  1. Motsoako oa mafura a moea o futhumetse ho isa ho likhato tse 150. E fepeloa ka har'a enjene, eo lebelo la eona le tsitsitseng ho 900 rpm. Mokhoa ona o sebelisetsoa ho leka peterole e tlase ea octane;
  2. Mokhoa oa bobeli ha o fane ka ho futhumatsa HTS pele. E fepeloa ho makoloi, eo lebelo la eona le behiloeng ho 600 rpm. Mokhoa ona o sebelisetsoa ho lekola hore na ho latela peterole, eo palo ea octane e fetang 92.

Lisebelisoa tsa ho lekanya

Ha e le hantle, mekhoa e joalo ea ho hlahloba peterole ha e fumanehe ho mokhanni ea tloaelehileng, ka hona o tlameha ho khotsofalla sesebelisoa se ikhethang - mitha ea octane. Hangata, e sebelisoa ke beng ba makoloi ba khethang seteishene sa khase seo ba ka se ratang, empa e le hore ba se ke ba leka liteko tsa motlakase o turang oa koloi.

Lebaka la ho se tšepane hona ke ho se tšepahale ha barekisi ba sebelisang peterole ea boleng bo tlase kapa e hlapolotsoeng molemong oa ho ruisa.

Palo ea octane ea peterole ke eng

Sesebelisoa se sebetsa ho latela matla a dielectric ea peterole. Ha e phahame, palo ea octane e tla phahama haholo ka sesebelisoa. Ho tseba mekhahlelo, o tla hloka karolo ea taolo ea peterole e hloekileng e nang le nomoro ea octane e tsebahalang. Ntlha ea pele, sesebelisoa se lekantsoe, ebe mafura a nkiloeng ho tlatsong e itseng a bapisoa le sampole.

Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa ona o na le bothata bo boholo. Sesebelisoa se hloka ho lekanngoa. Bakeng sa sena, n-heptane e sebelisoa (RON ke zero), kapa peterole e nang le nomoro ea octane e seng e ntse e tsebahala. Lintlha tse ling le tsona li ama ho nepahala ha litekanyo.

Har'a lisebelisoa tse tsebahalang tsa ts'ebetso ena ke OKTIS ea Russia. E ka tšeptjoa ebile e nepahetse litekanyong - analog ea kantle ho naha ea Digatron.

Mokhoa oa ho eketsa palo ea octane ea peterole

U ka eketsa palo ea octane ea peterole u le mong haeba u reka sesebelisoa se khethehileng se entsoeng bakeng sa sena. Mohlala oa sesebelisoa se joalo ke Lavr Next Octane Plus. Ntho e tšeloa ka tankeng ea khase kamora ho tšela mafura. E qhibiliha kapele ka peterole. Ho latela litekanyo tse ling, moemeli o eketsa palo ea octane ho li-unit tse tšeletseng. Ho latela moetsi, haeba koloi e ka matha ka peterole ea 98, mokhanni a ka tlatsa 92 ka bolokolohi mme a tšela sekhahla sena ka tankeng.

Palo ea octane ea peterole ke eng

Har'a li-analogs tse nyane hanyane, empa hape li eketsa marang-rang:

  • Astrohim Octane + (li-unit tse 3-5);
  • Octane + ea Octane Plus (keketseho ka liuniti tse peli);
  • Liqui Moly Octane + (ho fihlela li-unit tse hlano).

Lebaka leo ka lona beng ba likoloi ba bangata ba sebelisang peterole ea li-92 le li-additives ho fapana le tsa 95 kapa 98 tse behiloeng ke tumelo e atileng (ka linako tse ling e se na motheo) ea hore beng ba liteishene tsa peterole ka bobona ba sebelisa mokhoa ona.

Khafetsa, lintho tse fokotsang monyetla oa ho phatloha pele ho nako li sebelisoa ho eketsa ho hanela phatloho ea nako pele ho nako. Mohlala oa sena ke tharollo e nang le joala kapa lead ea tetraethyl. Haeba u sebelisa ntho ea bobeli, li-depositi tsa khabone li bokellana lipistong le li-valve.

Palo ea octane ea peterole ke eng

Ts'ebeliso ea joala (ethyl kapa methyl) e na le litlamorao tse fokolang. E hlapolotsoe ho tloha karolelano ea karolo e le 'ngoe ea ntho ho isa likarolong tse 10 tsa peterole. Joalokaha ba sebelisang mokhoa ona ba tiisa, likhase tse tsoang koloing li hloeka le ho phatloha ha lia ka tsa bonoa. Leha ho le joalo, ho lokela ho hopoloa hore joala le bona bo na le "lehlakore le lefifi" - ke hygroscopic, ke hore, e khona ho monya mongobo. Ka lebaka la sena, ka tankeng le tsamaisong ea mafura, peterole e tla ba le liperesente tse phahameng tsa mongobo, tse tla ama ts'ebetso ea enjene hampe.

Bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e batsi ka li-additives tsa mofuta ona, bona video e latelang:

Lisebelisoa tsa peterole (mafura) - NA U HLOKA? PHETOLELO EA KA

Mokhoa oa ho theola nomoro ea octane

Le ha likoloi tsa sejoale-joale li etselitsoe ho tsamaea ka peterole e nang le oli e phahameng, ho ntse ho na le likoloi tse ngata tseo lienjineri tsa tsona li sebelisang lihlahisoa tsa peterole tse 80 mme ka linako tse ling. Mme sena ha se sebetse feela ho likoloi tsa khale, empa le ho likoloi tse ling tsa sejoale-joale, mohlala, li-motoblock kapa lisebelisoa tse khethehileng (lijenereithara tsa motlakase).

Libakeng tse tloaelehileng tsa peterole, mafura a joalo ha a so rekisoe nako e telele, hobane ha a na chelete. Bakeng sa ho se fetole mokhoa ona, beng ba ona ba sebelisa mokhoa oa ho theola nomoro ea octane, ka lebaka leo ts'ebetso ea lienjineri e lumellanang le litšobotsi tsa peterole ea bo92. Mona ke mekhoa e meng:

  1. Batho ba bang ba tlohela lekotikoti la peterole le butsoe nakoana. Ha e ntse e bulehile, li-additives li fetoha mouoane mafura. Ka kakaretso hoa amoheloa hore HR e fokotseha ka halofo ea yuniti letsatsi ka leng. Lipalo li bonts'a hore ho tla nka libeke tse peli ho fetoha ho tloha ho la 92 ho ea ho la bo80. Ehlile, tabeng ena, o hloka ho itokisetsa hore bophahamo ba mafura bo fokotsehile haholo;
  2. Ho kopanya peterole le parafini. Pele, bakhanni ba likoloi ba ne ba sebelisa mokhoa ona, hobane ha ho na lebaka la ho senya chelete eo chelete e lefelloeng ka eona. Bothata feela ke hore ho thata ho khetha karolo e nepahetseng.
Palo ea octane ea peterole ke eng

Ke lebotho le kotsi hakakang

Ts'ebeliso ea peterole e nang le octane e nyane enjineng, litokomane tsa tekheniki tse bontšang mofuta o fapaneng oa mafura, li ka lebisa ho phatloheng. Kaha mochini oa piston le crank o tobane le mojaro o moholo, e seng oa tlhaho bakeng sa setorouku se itseng, mathata a latelang a ka hlaha le motor.

Ana ke a mang a mabaka a hobaneng enjine e sa lokela ho tsamaisoa ka peterole e tlase ea octane.

Ha re phethela - video e 'ngoe e nehetsoeng ho phutuho ea sesole:

Lipotso le likarabo:

Ke peterole efe e nang le lintlha tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa octane? Mofuta ona oa peterole o sebelisoa haholo-holo likoloing tsa lipapali. Peterole e nang le loto ke octane e phahameng ka ho fetisisa (140). E latelang ha e na lead - 109.

Nomoro ea octane ea peterole 92 e bolela'ng? Ena ke khanyetso e kokotang ea mafura (ha e fihla mocheso oo o o chesang ka boomo). Och 92 kapa e 'ngoe e thehiloe ka laboratoring.

Joang ho tseba palo ea octane ea mafura? Maemong a laboratori, sena se etsoa ho sebelisoa enjene ea 1-cylinder. Ts'ebetso ea eona ho peterole e bapisoa le ea motsoako oa isooctane le N-heptane.

Eketsa ka tlhaloso