ZAZ

Zvirimukati MuvambiEmblemHistory of ZAZ carsMibvunzo nemhinduro: Zaporozhye Automobile Plant (pfupiso ZAZ) ibhizimusi rekugadzira mota rakavakwa munguva yeUSSR munzvimbo yeUkraine muguta reZaporozhye. Iyo vector yekugadzira yakanangana nemotokari, mabhazi uye maveni. Kune akati wandei mavhezheni ekugadzirwa kwechirimwa: Yekutanga yakavakirwa pakuti chirimwa chakatanga kusikwa, iyo nyanzvi yaive kugadzirwa kwemichina yekurima. Iyi kambani yakavambwa nemuDutch maindasitiri Abraham Koop muna 1863. Mukusiyana kwechipiri, zuva renheyo rinowira kuna 1908 nekuvambwa kweMelitopol Motor Plant, iyo mune ramangwana yaive mutengesi wezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvakagadzirwa kuZAZ. Sarudzo yechitatu ine hukama ne1923, apo kambani inoshanda mumichina yekurima Koopa yakachinja zita rayo kuita Kommunar. Nikita Khrushchov akauya nepfungwa yekutanga kugadzira mota pachirimwa ichi. Matangiro ekutanga emotokari aive madiki-akakura akafanana ne "Khrushchev ideology" mukumisikidzwa kwemakamuri madiki epanguva iyoyo. Nechekare mumatsutso a1958, hurumende yeUSSR yakagamuchira chigadziro chekushandura vheji yekugadzira yeKommunar kubva kumichina yekurima kusvika pakusikwa kwemotokari diki. Maitiro ekugadzira mota dzemangwana mota dzakatanga. Misimboti mikuru yekugadzira yaive compactness, compactness, nyore uye kureruka kwemota. Iyo modhi yekambani yeItaly Fiat yakatorwa senge prototype yeramangwana modhi. Kusikwa kwemotokari kwakatanga muna 1956 uye gore rakatevera muenzaniso we444 wakabudiswa. Iyo yakakurumbira Moskvich 444 inoenderana neanenge ese maitiro eiyo prototype modhi. Pakutanga, muenzaniso wacho wakarongwa kuti uunganidzwe kuMoscow plant MZMA, asi nekuda kwemutoro unorema, chirongwa chacho chakaendeswa kuKommunar. Makore mashoma gare gare, kugadzirwa kweimwe subcompact modhi kwakatanga, iyo ZAZ 965 mota yaizivikanwa nezita remadunhurirwa rekuti "Humpbacked", nekuda kwemuviri. Uye shure kwake, imwe modhi ZAZ 966 yakabudiswawo, asi akaona nyika makore matanhatu chete gare gare nekuda kwekufunga kwehupfumi hwevakuru, avo vaifunga kuti hazvifungidzike rupo kubudisa motokari gore negore. Maererano nenhoroondo, imwe neimwe itsva yakaburitswa modhi yakaedzwa muKryml nehurumende, panguva iyoyo Nikita Khrushchev aive sachigaro weDare reVashandi. Pane chimwe chiitiko chakadaro, 965 yakanzi "Zaporozhets". Muna 1963, pfungwa yekugadzira motokari diki ine kumberi-vhiri drive yakaiswa. Murongi weiyi pfungwa aiva injiniya Vladimir Stoshenko, uye pashure pemakore mashomanana mhando dzakawanda dzakabudiswa. Zvakare, kunze kwekugadzirwa kwemotokari, kugadzirwa kwemavan uye marori kwakatanga. Muna 1987 iyo yakakurumbira "Tavria" yakaona nyika. Mushure mekudonha kweUSSR, matambudziko emari akatanga muZAZ. Zvakasarudzwa kuwana shamwari mumunhu wekambani yekunze uye kuronga bhizinesi ravo. Nguva yakakosha munhoroondo yekambani yaive kubatana naDaewoo. Uye ZAZ yakatanga kuunganidza mhando dzekambani iyi pasi perezinesi. Uye muna 2003, zviitiko zviviri zvakakosha zvakaitika: kambani yakashandura chimiro chayo chevaridzi uye zvino yakava CJSC Zaporozhye Automobile Building Plant uye kupera kwechibvumirano nekambani yemotokari yeGermany Opel. Kubatana uku kwakave nekukanganisa kukuru mukugadzirwa kwemotokari, sezvo kuwana tekinoroji nyowani yekambani yeGerman yakavhurwa. Nzira yekugadzira yakagadziridzwa zvikuru. Pamusoro pekugadzirwa kweDaewoo neOpel mota, kugadzirwa kwemota dzeKIA kunetsekana kwakatanga muna2009. Muna 2017, kugadzirwa kwemotokari kwakamiswa, asi kugadzirwa kwezvipenga hazvina kumira. Uye muna 2018 akanzi akabhuroka. Muvambi weZaporozhye Automobile Building Plant yakagadzirwa nevakuru veSoviet. Chiratidzo Chiratidzo cheZAZ chine ovhari ine furemu yesimbi yesirivha mukati umo mune zvidimbu zvesimbi zviviri zvinomhanya kubva pasi kuruboshwe rweovha kuenda kurudyi. Pakutanga, chiratidzo chakaratidzwa semufananidzo weZaporozhye hydroelectric power station. Nhoroondo yemotokari dzeZAZ Muchirimo cha1960, ZAZ yakaburitsa iyo ZAZ 965 modhi. Kuvamba kwemuviri kwakamuunzira mukurumbira nezita remadunhurirwa rokuti "Hunchback". Muna 1966, ZAZ 966 yakabuda ine sedan muviri ine 30-horsepower injini, zvishoma gare gare pakanga paine shanduro yakashongedzwa ine 40-horsepower simba unit, inokwanisa kumhanya kusvika 125 km / h. ZAZ 970 yaive rori ine kakusimudza. Zvakare munguva iyoyo yenguva, iyo 970B van uye 970 V modhi, minibus ine zvigaro zvitanhatu, yakagadzirwa. Iyo yekupedzisira "yemumba" mota ine mota iri mukamuri yekumashure yaive ZAZ 968M modhi. Dhizaini yemotokari yaive yechinyakare uye iri nyore kwazvo, iyo yakadana modhi pakati pevanhu "Soapbox". Muna 1976, sedan yekumberi-mavhiri yakagadziridzwa uye motokari yehatchback yakashongedzerwa nemavhiri ose akagadzirwa. Iyi mienzaniso miviri yakava hwaro hwekusikwa kwe "Tavria". 1987 yaive yekutanga ye "Tavria" imwechete muZAZ 1102 modhi, ine yakanaka dhizaini uye mutengo webhajeti. 1988 yakagadzirwa ne "Slavuta" pahwaro hwe "Tavria", yakashongedzerwa nemuviri we sedan. Kune zvinodiwa fekitori, kugadziridzwa kweiyo modhi 1991 M - 968 PM kwakagadzirwa muna 968, yakashongedzerwa nepickup rori muviri isina rear cab. Kubatana naDaewoo kwakakonzera kuburitswa kwemhando dzakadai saZAZ 1102/1103/1105 (Tavria, Slavuta, Dana). Mibvunzo nemhinduro: Chii chinonzi ZAZ 2021? Muna 2021, Zaporizhia Automobile Plant ichagadzira mabhazi matsva edunhu, uye ichagadzira bhazi reZAZ A09 "suburban". Hunhu hwebhazi iri muinjini uye kutapurirana kubva Mercedes-Benz. ZAZ inogadzira mota dzipi? Ichi chirimwa chakatanga kuunganidza Lada Vesta, X-Ray uye Largus. Pamusoro pekuvandudzwa kwemhando nyowani dzeZAZ uye kugadzirwa kwemabhazi, French Renault Arkana crossovers inounganidzwa pachirimwa. ZAZ yakavhara rinhi? Motokari yekupedzisira yemumba ine kumashure-injini marongero ZAZ-968M yakabudiswa muna 1994 (Chikunguru 1). Muna 2018, chirimwa chakamira kuunganidza mota dzeUkraine.