Viscosity yemafuta ejini - tinoona pasina matambudziko
Zviri mukati
Kusarudza lubricant yeinjini yemotokari yako hakuna kuoma kana iwe ukaona kuti viscosity yeinjini yemafuta chii uye mamwe emamwe ma parameter. Chero mutyairi anogona kunzwisisa nyaya iyi.
Mafuta viscosity - chii ichocho?
Mvura iyi inoita akati wandei akakosha mabasa anovimbisa kuita kweinjini: kubviswa kwezvigadzirwa zvakapfekwa, kuve nechokwadi chechiratidzo chakakwana chekusimba kwecylinder, lubrication yezvinhu zvekusangana. Tichifunga kuti tembiricha yekushanda kwemagetsi emagetsi emazuva ano yakafaranuka, zvakaoma kuti vagadziri vagadzire "yakanaka" kuumbwa kwemota.
Asi ivo vanogona kuburitsa oiri anobatsira kuwana yakakwana injini kushanda zvakanaka, uku ichiona kusapfeka kwayo kwekushanda. Chiratidzo chinonyanya kukosha chemhando ipi neipi yemafuta ejini ndiyo kirasi yeviscosity, iyo inosarudza kukwanisa kwechimiro chekuchengetedza fluidity yayo, inoramba iri pamusoro pezvikamu zvemagetsi emagetsi. Ndiko kuti, zvakakwana kuziva viscosity kudira injini mafuta mukati combustion injini, uye haachazvinetseki nekushanda kwayo kwakajairika.
Dynamic uye kinematic viscosity yeinjini mafuta
Iyo American Union yeMotokari Engineers SAE yakagadzira yakajeka sisitimu inomisikidza viscosity mamakisi emafuta emota. Inotora munhoroondo yemhando mbiri dze viscosity - kinematic uye ine simba. Yekutanga inoyerwa mucapillary viscometers kana (iyo inowanzozivikanwa) mumacentistoke.
Kinematic viscosity inotsanangura fluidity yayo pakakwirira uye yakajairika tembiricha (100 uye 40 madhigirii Celsius, zvichiteerana). Asi dynamic viscosity, iyo inonziwo absolute, inoreva simba rekupikisa rinoumbwa panguva yekufamba kwezvikamu zviviri zvemvura zvakaparadzaniswa ne 1 centimita kubva kune imwe neimwe nekumhanya kwe 1 cm / s. Nharaunda yega yega yega yakaiswa yakaenzana ne 1 cm. Inoyerwa neinotenderera viscometers.
Nzira yekuona sei viscosity yemafuta ejini maererano neSAE standard?
Iyi sisitimu haigadziri maparamita emhando yekuzora. Mune mamwe mazwi, iyo viscosity index yemafuta einjini haikwanise kupa mutyairi ruzivo rwakajeka pamusoro peiyo chaiyo mvura yakanakira kuti azadze injini ye "iron bhiza". Asi iyo alphanumeric kana yedhijitari yekumaka yeSAE kuumbwa inotsanangura tembiricha yemhepo kana oiri inogona kushandiswa, uye mwaka wekushandiswa kwayo.
Kududzira viscosity yemafuta einjini maererano neSAE hakuna kuoma. Mafuta emamiriro ekunze ese akanyorwa seizvi - SAE 0W-20, uko:
- iyo nhamba 20 chiratidzo chepamusoro tembiricha viscosity yekuumbwa;
- tsamba yeChirungu W "inopa mvumo" yekushandiswa kwemafuta munguva yechando;
- iyo nhamba 0 inosarudza iyo yakaderera tembiricha kukosha kwainobvumirwa kutanga injini kusvika -40 ° C.
Kurongeka kwemafuta emota ne viscosity yekuumbwa kwemwaka kwakatonyanya kupusa. Zhizha dzinoita seSAE 50, dzechando - SAE 20W.
Mukuita, iyo SAE kirasi inosarudzwa zvichibva pane iyo avhareji tembiricha yechando inojairika kune iyo zone iyo motokari inoshandiswa. Vatyairi veRussia vanowanzo sarudza zvigadzirwa zvine index ye10W-40, sezvo iri yakakwana yekushanda pakudziya kusvika -25 degrees. Uye iyo yakanyanya kutsanangurwa ruzivo nezvekuteedzera kwemapoka emumba viscosity uye makirasi epasi rese arimo mune mota yemafuta viscosity tafura. Kuiwana paInternet hakuna kuoma zvachose.
Pamusoro peiyo yakatsanangurwa kupatsanurwa kwemafuta ne viscosity, iwo akakamurwa zvinoenderana neACEA uye API indices. Vanoratidza mafuta emota maererano nemhando, asi isu tichataura pamusoro peizvi mune imwe nyaya pane viscosity yemafuta einjini dzemotokari.
