Mhando dzemarambi emota

Mota yekuvhenekesa michina seti yemidziyo yakaiswa mukati nekukomberedza mukombero wemota, uye inopa kuvhenekera kwenzira yemugwagwa husiku, kuratidza kukura kwemotokari, uye zvakare kunyevera nezve mafambiro evamwe vashandisi vemugwagwa. Yekutanga mota mwenje magirobhu akamhanya neparafini, ipapo Edison's echimurenga incandescent mababu akaonekwa, uye emazuva ano magetsi manyuko akaenderera zvakanyanya. Isu tichataura nezvemhando dzemarambi emota gare gare muchinyorwa chino.

ZveMota Lamp Maitiro

Mwenje yemotokari inosiyana kwete chete mumhando, asi zvakare pachigadziko. Iyo yakajairwa tambo yakasungirwa yakarongedzwa naEdison muna 1880, uye kubvira ipapo sarudzo zhinji dzakabuda. Pane matatu makuru eplinth zviyero zvinowanikwa muCIS:

1. Dzimba GOST 17100-79 / GOST 2023.1-88.
2. European IEC-EN 60061-1.
3. American ANSI.

Chiyero cheEurope chinowanzoitika uye chine zviratidzo zvaro zvinoona mhando yerambi nechigadziko. Pakati pavo:

• T - zvinoreva mwenje mini (T4W).
• W (pakutanga kwezita) - isina hwaro (W3W).
• W (kumagumo mushure meiyo nhamba) - inoratidza simba mumawts (W5W).
• H - kudanwa kwemarambi e halogen (H1, H6W, H4).
• C - soffit.
• Y - orenji rambi girobhu racho (PY25W).
• R - chinu 19 mm (R10W).
• P - girobhu racho 26,5 mm (P18W).

Iyo yepamutemo standard ine anotevera mazita.

• A - rambi remotokari.
• MN - chidiki.
• C - soffit.
• KG - quartz halogen.

Mukudanwa kwemarambi epamba pane nhamba dzinoratidza akasiyana ma parameter.

Semuenzaniso, AKG 12-24 + 40. Nhamba yekutanga mushure memavara inoratidza voltage, mushure mechimedu - simba mumawts, uye iyo "plus" inoratidza miviri miviri ye incandescent, kureva, yakadzika uye yakakwira danda rine simba kudomwa. Kuziva aya mazita, iwe unogona nyore kuona mhando yechigadzirwa uye ma parameter ayo.

Mhando dze auto mwenje mabheseni

Rudzi rwekubatana neiyo cartridge inowanzo kuratidzwa pamuviri. Kune aya anotevera marudzi eeplinths anoshandiswa pamotokari.

Soffit (S)

Spotlights dzinonyanya kushandiswa kujekesa zvemukati, rezinesi mahwendefa, trunk kana gurovhosi bhokisi. Ivo ari pakati pechirimo-akatakurwa macontact, izvo zvinoita kuti vatarise kunge fuses. Yakanyorwa netsamba S.

Flanged (P)

Makapu erudzi urwu anosarudzwa aine bhii P uye anonyanya kushandiswa mumakona emusoro epamusoro uye akaderera, panotarisirwa chinzvimbo chakajeka cheiri kutenderera nemuviri. Marambi aya anonzi zvakare anotarisisa marambi.

Asina (W)

Marambi erudzi urwu anosarudzwa nemavara W. Waya zvishwe zvakaumbwa pamasaisa egirobhu uye zvakasungirirwa nekuda kwekusimba kweanobata anomoneredza matambo aya. Aya mababu anogona kubviswa uye kuiswa pasina kutendeuka. Kazhinji, iyi idiki diki (T). Ivo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari uye maruva.

Pin (B)

Pini-base marambi ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa mumotokari. Kubatana kwakadai kunodaidzwa zvakare kunzi bayonet, kana chigadziko chichigadziriswa mukati mechidziro kuburikidza nechaiko.

Iyo yakaenzana pini yekubatana ine yakadomwa BA uye yekusaenzana pini yekubatanidza (BAZ, BAY) zvakare akapatsanurwa. Tsamba diki mukumaka inoratidza huwandu hwevanosangana: p (5), q (4), t (3), d (2), s (1).

Iyi tafura inotevera inoratidza nzvimbo yemarambi emota, yavo mhando uye kutara pazasi.

Iko kuisa mwenje mumotokari	Rambi mhando	Base mhando
Chiedza chemusoro (chakakwirira / chakadzika) uye mwenje yemhute	R2	P45t
	H1	P14,5s
	H3	PK22s
	H4	P43t
	H7	PX26d
	H8	PGJ19-1
	H9	PGJ19-5
	H11	PGJ19-2
	H16	PGJ19-3
	H27W / 1	PG13
	H27W / 2	PGJ13
	HB3	P20d
	HB4	P22d
	HB5	PX29t
Brake mwenje, nzira dzekuratidzira (kumashure / kumberi / padivi), kumashure magetsi	PY21W	BAU15s / 19
	P21 / 5W	BAY15d
	P21W	BA15s
	W5W (kudivi)
	WY5W (kudivi)
	R5W, R10W
Mwenje yekupaka uye mwenje yemukati	T4W	BA9s / 14
	H6W	PX26d
	C5W	SV8,5 / 8
Kuvhenekera kwemukati uye trunk mwenje	10W	SV8,5 T11x37
	R5W	BA15s / 19
	C10W

Mhando dzemabhuru emota nerudzi rwemwenje

Kunze kwekusiyana kwerudzi rwekubatana, zvigadzirwa zvemwenje zvemotokari zvakasiyana nemhando yemwenje.

Yakajairika incandescent mababu

Mabhuru akadaro anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Iyo tungsten kana kabhoni filament inoshandiswa seye filament. Kudzivirira tungsten kubva mukusanganisa mweya, mweya unobviswa kubva mudengu. Kana simba rikapihwa, iyo filament inopisa kusvika 2000K uye inopa kupenya.

Yakatsva tungsten inogona kugara pamadziro eguchu, ichideredza pachena. Kazhinji, tambo yacho inongotsva. Iko kushanda kwezvakadai zvigadzirwa kuri padanho re 6-8%. Zvakare, nekuda kwehurefu hwesimbi, mwenje unopararira uye haupe chinotarisirwa chinotarisirwa. Nekuda kweizvi nezvimwe zvakakanganisika, marambi emwenje emagetsi haachashandiswi sechiedza chikuru mumotokari.

Halogen

Rambi re halogen rinoshandawo pane iyo incandescent musimboti, mune chete girobhu racho kune halogen vapors (buffer gasi) - iodine kana bromine. Izvi zvinokwidza tembiricha yekhoyili kusvika ku3000K uye zvakare inowedzera hupenyu hwebasa kubva 2000 kusvika 4000 maawa. Chiedza chinobuda chiri pakati pe15 kusvika 22 lm / W.

Tungsten maatomu akaburitswa panguva yekuvhiya anoita neakasara okisijeni uye bhajeti magasi, ayo anobvisa kuoneka kwedhipositi pabhasikiti. Iyo cylindrical chimiro chegirobhu uye ipfupi mweya inopa kutarisa kwakanyanya, saka zvigadzirwa zvakadaro zvinonyanya kushandiswa kumwenje mumotokari.

Xenon (kubudiswa kwegesi)

Iyi mhando yemazuva ano yemwenje. Chiedza sosi ndeye arc yemagetsi yakaumbwa pakati pemaviri tungsten electrode, ayo ari mune girobhu rakazadzwa nexenon. Kuti uwedzere kubuda kwechiedza, xenon inomanikidzwa kusvika pamakumi matatu emuchadenga. Iyo tembiricha tembiricha yemwaranzi inosvika 30-6200K, nekudaro, akasarudzika mamiriro ekushanda uye kugadzirisa anodikanwa kumarambi akadaro. Iyo yakasarudzika iri padyo nechiedza chemasikati, asi kune zvakare ma mercury-xenon mwenje iyo inopa bluish tint. Chiedza chechiedza chiri kunze kwekutarisa. Kune izvi, akakosha ekuratidzira anoshandiswa anotarisisa mwenje munzira yaunoda.

Midziyo yakadaro inopa kupenya kwakanakisa, asi kune zvakare zvinokanganisa kushandiswa kwavo. Chekutanga pane zvese, mota inofanirwa kuve yakagadzirirwa otomatiki danda yekuregedza kugadzirisa system uye nemwenje ma washer kudzivirira kupenya kweanouya mota. Chigadziro chemwenje chinodikanwawo kuti ipe magetsi kuti arc iitike.

LED chiedza

Zvinhu zveLED zviri kuwedzera mukurumbira izvozvi. Pakutanga, mwenje yeLED yaishandiswa zvakanyanya kumagetsi ekuputsa, mwenje yekumashure, nezvimwe. Mune ramangwana, vagadziri vanogona kuchinjira zvachose kune zvigadzirwa zvemwenje zveLED.

Iko kupenya mumarambi akadaro kunoumbwa semhedzisiro yekuburitswa kwemaphotoni kubva kuma semiconductors kana magetsi aiswa. Izvo zvinogona kunge zvakasiyana zvichienderana nekemikari yakagadzirwa. Simba remotokari mwenje mwenje inogona kusvika 70-100 lm / W, inova yakapetwa kanoverengeka kupfuura iyo yemarambi e halogen.

Zvakanakira tekinoroji ye LED zvinosanganisira:

• vibration uye kuvhunduka kuramba;
• kunyatsoshanda;
• kushandiswa kwesimba kwakaderera;
• kupisa kwechiedza chepamusoro;
• kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza.

Zvinoita here kuisa xenon nemarambi eUS mumalights

Kuzvimisikidza-kweiyo xenon kana mwenje ye LED kunogona kutungamira kumatambudziko nemutemo, nekuti simba ravo rakapetwa kanoverengeka kupfuura halogen. Pane zvitatu zvakakosha zvekushandisa marobhoti emota akatungamira:

1. Iko kushandiswa kwe LEDs yemusoro yakadzika uye yakakwirira danda pakutanga kwaifungidzirwa neiyo automaker, ndokuti, mota yakatengwa mukugadziriswa uku.
2. Iwe unogona kuisa maLED kana xenon iwe wega kana ichinge yakapihwa mune anodhura matanho ematanho emota yemota. Muchiitiko ichi, iwe uchafanirwa kuchinja zvachose mwenje wemwenje.
3. Kuisirwa maLED mune akajairwa halogen mwenje mwenje yemota.

Iyi yekupedzisira nzira haisi yepamutemo zvachose, sezvo iwo maratidziro uye kusimba kwekujekesa kuchichinja.

Teerera kutarisa. Kana HR / HC ikataurwa, izvi zvinoenderana nekushandiswa kwemarambi e halogen. Zve xenon, inoenderana indekisi ndeye D uye LED yemadhiodhi. Simba remwenje wechiedza harifanirwe kusiyana neiro rakaziviswa nemugadziri.

Iko kune zvekare zvakasarudzika zvinodiwa neCustoms Union technical Regulation yeiyo LED uye xenon michina. Panofanirwa kuve nehurongwa hwekugadzirisa otomatiki kwechiedza chemwenje nekona, pamwe nekuchenesa mudziyo. Kana pane kutyorwa, faindi ye500 rubles inopihwa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kusvika pakutorerwa kodzero kubva pamwedzi mitanhatu kusvika pagore.

Paunenge uchisarudza uye nekutsiva marambi emota, iwe unofanirwa kutarisisa kumaka kuitira kuti usarudze mhando yakakodzera. Izvo zvakakodzera kusarudza iwo mabhuru ayo anokurudzirwa nemugadziri.