Icho chishandiso uye mhando dzekutyaira dhiraivha
Kumiswa uye kutungamira,  Mota mudziyo

Icho chishandiso uye mhando dzekutyaira dhiraivha

Iwo mudhiraivho wedhiraivhu ine mashandiro anosanganisira levers, tsvimbo uye bhora majoini uye yakagadzirirwa kuendesa simba kubva kune yekufambisa mashini kuenda kune akatungamira mavhiri. Chigadzirwa chinopa chiyero chinodiwa chemakona ekutenderera kwemavhiri, izvo zvinokanganisa kugona kwekufambisa. Uye zvakare, dhizaini yemuchina inoita kuti zvikwanise kudzikamisa iwo mavhiri anotungamira uye kusanganisa kutenderera kwavo kwepasipo kana kumiswa kwemotokari kuri kushanda.

Dhizaini uye mhando dzekutyaira dhiraivha

Iyo dhiraivhi inosanganisira zvese zvinhu zviri pakati pekufambisa uye nemavhiri anotyairwa. Maumbirwo egungano anoenderana nemhando yekumiswa uye sitiringi yakashandiswa.

Steering giya-rack mashandiro

Rudzi urwu rwekutyaira, inova chikamu cheye steering rack, yakanyanya kuwanda. Inosanganisira tsvimbo mbiri dzakatwasuka, matinji ekutungamira uye maoko epivot epamberi pekuturika struts. Iyo njanji ine tsvimbo dzakabatana nenzira dzezvibatanidzwa zvebhora, uye matipi acho akagadziriswa netayi mabhaudhi kana nenzira yehukama hwetambo.

Izvo zvinofanirwawo kucherechedzwa kuti chigunwe-chemberi ekisero yekumberi chinogadziriswa uchishandisa matipi ekutungamira.

Iyo mota ine giya-rack mashini inopa kutenderera kwemavhiri epamberi emota pamakona akasiyana.

Steering chinongedzo

Kubatana kwekutungamira kunowanzo shandiswa mu helical kana honye giya kudhiraivhara. Inosanganisira:

  • mativi epakati nepakati;
  • pendulum ruoko;
  • kurudyi uye kuruboshwe mavhiri emaoko;
  • govi bipod;
  • majoini ebhora.

Tsvimbo yega yega ine kumigumo yayo hinji (inotsigira), iyo inopa kutenderera kwemahara kwenzvimbo dzinofamba dzemudhiraivho unoenderana kune mumwe nemumwe uye nemuviri wemotokari.

Kubatana kwekusheedza kunopa kutenderera kwevhiri pamakona akasiyana. Chiyero chinodiwa chemakona ekutenderera chinoitwa nekusarudza iyo angle yekuregedza kweanosimudza maringe nehurefu hwenzvimbo yemotokari uye kureba kweanosimudza.

Kubva pane dhizaini yepakati dhizaini, iyo trapezoid iri:

  • ine traction yakasimba, iyo inoshandiswa mukumira kwakatarisana;
  • netsvimbo yakatsemurwa inoshandiswa mukumisa yakazvimirira.

Iyo inogona zvakare kusiyanisa nerudzi rwekugara kwenzvimbo yepakati yekubatanidza: pamberi pemberi ekisero kana shure kwayo. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kubatana kwekufambisa kunoshandiswa pamarori.

Bhora rakabatana kutungamira musoro

Bhora rakabatana rinoitwa muchimiro chekubvisa tai tsvimbo magumo, inosanganisira:

  • hinge muviri nepulagi;
  • pini yebhora neshinda;
  • liners dzinopa kutenderera kwebhora pini uye kudzora kufamba kwayo;
  • casing yekudzivirira ("bhuti") ine mhete yekugadzirisa pamunwe;
  • chitubu.

Hinji inoendesa simba kubva kune yekumhanyisa michina kuenda kune anotyaira mavhiri uye inopa kufamba kwekubatana kwezvinhu zvekutyaira zvinhu.

Majoini ebhora anotora zvese zvinokatyamadza kubva munzvimbo dzisina kuenzana dzemugwagwa uye nekudaro zviri pasi pekukurumidza kupfeka. Zviratidzo zvekupfeka pazvibatanidzwa zvebhora kutamba uye kugogodza mukumiswa kana uchityaira pane zvisina kufanira. Muchiitiko ichi, zvinokurudzirwa kutsiva chikamu chakaremara nechimwe chitsva.

Zvinoenderana nenzira yekubvisa maburi, majoini ebhora akapatsanurwa kuita:

  • kuzvigadzirisa - havadi kugadziriswa panguva yekushanda, uye mukaha unoonekwa semhedzisiro yekupfeka kwezvikamu unosarudzwa nekudzvanya musoro wemunwe nechitubu;
  • chinogadziriswa - mavari maburi ari pakati pezvikamu anobviswa nekusunga iyo yakavharidzirwa yakavharwa;
  • kusagadziriswa.

mhedziso

Giya rekufambisa chinhu chakakosha pakufambisa kwemotokari. Kuchengeteka uye kunyaradzwa kwekutyaira mota kunoenderana nekusevenzesa kwayo, saka, zvinodikanwa kuti uite kugadzirisa mukati mechinguva nenzira uye nekuchinja zvikamu zvakakundikana.

Voeg