Iyo mudziyo uye musimboti wekushanda kwechazvino torque converter

Yekutanga torque converter yakaratidza anopfuura makore zana apfuura. Kuve nekugadziriswa kwakawanda nekuvandudzwa, iyi nzira inoshanda yekufambisa kwakapetwa kwetorque iri kushandiswa nhasi munzvimbo zhinji dzeinjiniya, uye indasitiri yemotokari haisi iyo yega. Kutyaira ikozvino kwave nyore uye kugadzikana sezvo pasisina chikonzero chekushandisa batira chitiviri. Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kweiyo torque inoshandura, senge zvese zvine hungwaru, zviri nyore kwazvo.

Nhoroondo yechitarisiko

Kekutanga, iyo musimboti wekuchinjisa torque kuburikidza nekudzikisira kwemvura pakati pevaviri vanogadzira pasina kubatana kwakasimba kwakabvumidzwa neinjiniya weGerman Hermann Fettinger muna 1905. Midziyo inoshanda pahwaro hwesisitimu iyi inonzi mvura yekubatanidza. Panguva iyoyo, kuvakwa kwekuvaka ngarava kwaida vagadziri kuti vawane nzira yekupfuudza torque kubva kune injini yemhepo kuenda kune hombe dzinofambisa ngarava mumvura. Kana yakanyatso sunganidzwa, iyo mvura yakadzora kudzikisira kwemazaya panguva yekutanga-kumusoro, ichigadzira yakawandisa reverse mutoro pane mota, shafts uye majoini avo.

Mushure mezvo, iyo yemazuva ano yemvura yekubatanidza yakatanga kushandiswa pamabhazi eLondon uye yekutanga dhiziri locomotives kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekutangisa-kutanga kwavo. Uye kunyangwe gare gare, kusanganiswa kwemvura kwakasimbisa hupenyu kuvatyairi vemotokari. Yekutanga mota yekugadzira ine torque inoshandura, iyo Oldsmobile Custom 8 Cruiser, yakaburuka pamutsetse wegungano kuGeneral Motors muna 1939.

Mudziyo uye musimboti wekushanda

Iyo torque converter inzvimbo yakavharwa yeiyo toroidal chimiro, mukati mayo kupomba, reactor uye turbine impellers akaiswa coaxially akaiswa padhuze nepadhuze. Iyo yemukati vhoriyamu yeiyo torque inoshandura izere ne fluid ye otomatiki kufambisa kutenderera mudenderedzwa kubva kune rimwe vhiri kuenda kune rimwe. Iyo pombi vhiri inogadzirwa mune inoshandura dzimba uye yakabatana zvine simba kune crankshaft, i.e. inotenderera neinjini kumhanya. Turbine vhiri rakabatanidzwa zvakasimba kune yekuisa shaft yekutengesa otomatiki.

Pakati pavo pane reactor vhiri, kana stator. Iyo reactor yakaiswa pane yemahara furu iyo inobvumira iyo kutenderera munzira imwechete chete. Makasi eiyo reactor ane yakakosha geometry, nekuda kwekuti kuyerera kwemvura kwakadzoka kubva kune turbine vhiri kuenda kune yepombi vhiri inoshandura kwainoenda, nekudaro ichiwedzera torque pane iyo pombi vhiri. Uyu ndiwo musiyano uripo pakati peiyo torque converter uye nekubatana kwemvura. Mune yekupedzisira, hapana reactor, uye, nekudaro, torque haina kuwedzera.

Ainoita Iyo torque inoshandura inoenderana nekuchinjiswa kwetorque kubva kuinjini kuenda kutapuro nenzira yekudzokororazve kuyerera kwemvura, pasina kuomarara kubatana.

Mota yekutyaira, pamwe nechairi chinotenderera cheinjini, inogadzira kuyerera kwemvura iyo inorova mashizha evhiri rinopikisa turbine. Pasi pesimba remvura, inoisa mukufamba uye inopfuudza torque kune yekuisa shaft yekufambisa.

Nekuwedzera kweinjini kumhanya, iko kutenderera kumhanya kwechisimba kunowedzera, izvo zvinotungamira mukuwedzera kwesimba rekuyerera kwemvura inotakura vhiri remhepo. Uye zvakare, iyo mvura inodzoka kuburikidza neayo maanetsi inogamuchira yekuwedzera kumhanyisa.

Kuyerera kwemvura kunochinjwa zvichienderana nekumhanyisa kwekutenderera kwemhepo. Panguva yekuenzanisa kwekumhanya kweturbine uye pombi mavhiri, iyo reactor inokanganisa kutenderera kwemahara kwemvura uye inotanga kutenderera nekuda kweyakaisirwa freewheel. Ose matatu mavhiri anotenderera pamwechete, uye iyo sisitimu inotanga kushanda mu fluid fluid coupling mode pasina kuwedzera torque. Nekuwedzera kwemutoro pane inobuda mugodhi, kumhanya kweturbine vhiri inononoka kudzika pane yekupomha vhiri, iyo reactor yakavharwa uye zvakare inotanga kushandura kuyerera kwemvura.

zvakwakanakira

1. Smooth kufamba uye kutanga kubva.
2. Kuderedza kudengenyeka uye mitoro pakutapurirana kubva kune isina kukwana injini kushanda.
3. Mikana yekuwedzera injini torque.
4. Hapana kudikanwa kwekuchengetedza (kutsiva kwezvinhu, nezvimwewo).

kutadza

1. Yakaderera kushanda (nekuda kwekushaikwa kwe hydraulic kurasikirwa uye kuomarara kubatana neinjini).
2. Simba remota rakashata rakabatana nemutengo wesimba uye nguva yekudzikisira kuyerera kwemvura.
3. Mutengo wepamusoro.

Lock muoti

Kuti ugone kurarama nekukanganisa kukuru kweiyo torque converter (yakaderera kushanda uye isina simba mota dynamics), yekukiya mashandiro akagadzirwa. Nheyo yekushanda kwayo yakafanana neyakajairwa batira. Iyo michina ine yekuvharira ndiro, iyo yakabatana ne turbine vhiri (uye nekudaro kune iyo gearbox yekuisa shaft) kuburikidza nezvitubu zveiyo torsional vibration damper. Iyo ndiro ine kupesana kunamira pamusoro payo. Pakuraira kweiyo yedzimudzangara yekudzora yuniti, ndiro yacho yakadzvanywa ichipesana nechomukati chepamusoro cheiyo inoshandura dzimba nenzira yemvura yekumanikidza. Torque inotamisirwa yakananga kubva kuinjini kuenda kugearbox isina fluid. Saka, kuderedzwa kwekurasikirwa uye kugona kwepamusoro kunowanikwa. Iko rinokwanisa kugoneswa mune chero giya.

Slip modhi

Iyo torque converter yekukiya-kumusoro inogona zvakare kunge isina kukwana uye inoshanda mune inonzi "slip mode". Iyo yekuvharira ndiro haina kunyatsodzvanyirirwa yakanangana neinoshanda nzvimbo, nokudaro ichipa yakasarudzika kutsvedza kwepadiki yekukwesana. Iyo torque inopfuudzwa panguva imwe chete kuburikidza neyakavhara ndiro uye inoyerera fluid. Nekuda kwekushandisa iyi modhi, masimba emota akasimba akawedzera zvakanyanya, asi panguva imwechete iko kutsetseka kwekufamba kunochengetwa. Iwo emagetsi anoona kuti iyo yekuvhara-up batira inobatanidzwa nekukurumidza sezvinobvira panguva yekumhanyisa, uye inoregedzwa nekukurumidza sezvinobvira kana kumhanya kuchiderera.

Zvisinei, iyo inodzorwa slip mode ine yakakosha dhizaini inosanganisirwa nekusimudzwa kwenzvimbo dzeclutch, iyo, uyezve, inoratidzwa kune yakanyanya tembiricha mhedzisiro. Pfeka zvigadzirwa zvinopinda mumafuta, zvichikanganisa mashandiro ayo. Iyo nzira yekutsvedza inobvumira iyo inoshandura kuti ibudirire sezvinobvira, asi panguva imwechete inonyanyisa kupfupisa hupenyu hwayo.