Maumbirwo uye musimboti wekushanda kwetaya kumanikidza yekutarisa system TPMS

Kuchengetedza rakanakisa dhayi kumanikidza kunokanganisa traction, mafuta ekushandisa, kubata uye nekuchengetedza mota kwese. Mazhinji madhiraivha anoshandisa yakajairwa kumanikidza geji yekutarisa, asi kufambira mberi hakumire kwakamira uye yemagetsi vhiri yekumanikidza yekutarisa system TPMS iri kushinga kuunzwa mumota dzazvino. Semuenzaniso, munyika dzeEuropean uye United States, zvinosungirwa kune dzese mota. MuRussia, kuvepo kweiyo TPMS sisitimu yave chinhu chinosungirwa kutarisirwa kwemhando nyowani dzemotokari kubvira 2016.

Chii chinonzi TPMS system

Tire Pressure Kuongorora System TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitor System) zvinoreva kuchengetedzwa kunoshanda kwemotokari. Kufanana nezvimwe zvakawanda zvakagadzirwa, zvakabva kumaindasitiri emauto. Basa rayo guru nderekutarisa kumanikidza kwetaya uye kupa chiratidzo chekunyevera kumutyairi kana chadonha pazasi pehunhu hwekukoshesesa Zvinotaridza kuti kumanikidzwa kwetaya haisi iyo paramende yakakosha mumotokari, asi haisi. Chekutanga pane zvese, iri kutyaira kuchengetedzeka. Semuenzaniso, kana kumanikidza mumatai kudivi rimwe nerimwe remaakisi kwakasiyana, ipapo mota inozodhonzwa kudivi. Mumatanho ekutanga ematanho, TPMS yakatanga kuoneka muna 2000. Iko kune zvakare zvakamira zvega zvekutarisa masisitimu ayo anogona kutengwa uye kuiswa zvakasiyana.

Mhando dzedhaya kumanikidza kuongorora masisitimu

Pamwechete, masisitimu anogona kukamurwa kuita maviri marudzi: ne kunanga (kunanga) uye zvisina kunanga (zvisina kunangana) divi.

Sakananga kuyera system

Iyi sisitimu inoonekwa seyakareruka maererano nekushanda uye inoitwa uchishandisa ABS. Mukufamba, inosarudza nharaunda yevhiri uye nhambwe yainofamba mushanduko imwe. ABS sensors enzanisa kuverenga kubva kune yega vhiri. Kana paine shanduko, saka chiratidzo chinotumirwa kudhodhi yemotokari. Pfungwa ndeyekuti nharaunda uye daro rakafambwa netaya rakapatsanuka richasiyana kubva pakurehwa.

Kubatsira kwerudzi urwu rweTPMS kusavapo kwezvinhu zvekuwedzera uye nemutengo unogamuchirwa. Zvakare mune sevhisi iwe unogona kumisikidza yekutanga kumanikidza parameter kubva iko kutsauka kuchayerwa. Izvo zvakadzikira zvine mashoma mashandiro. Izvo hazvigoneke kuyera kumanikidza kusati kwatanga kufamba, tembiricha. Iko kutsauka kubva kune chaiko data kunogona kuve ingangoita 30%.

Yakananga kuyera system

Mhando iyi yeTPMS ndiyo yakanyanya kukwirisa uye ndeyechokwadi. Iko kumanikidza mune yega vhiri kunoyerwa neakasarudzika sensor.

Iyo yakajairwa seti yeiyo system inosanganisira:

• vhiri kumanikidza sensors;
• chiratidzo chinogamuchira kana kanyanga;
• Kudzora block.

Iwo maseru anofambisa chiratidzo nezve tembiricha uye mamiriro ekudzvanya kwetaya. Iyo inogamuchira kanyanga inoendesa iyo chiratidzo kune chinodzora unit. Iwo anogamuchira akaiswa mumavhiri emota emota, vhiri rega rine rarwo.

Iko kune masystem mune ayo asina masisitimu anogamuchira uye mavhiri maseru anotaurirana akananga neiyo control unit. Mumasisitimu akadaro, ma sensors anofanirwa "kunyoreswa" mubhokisi kuitira kuti inzwisise vhiri rine dambudziko.

Ruzivo rwemutyairi runogona kuratidzwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Mumashanduro anodhura, pachinzvimbo chekuratidzira, chiratidzo chinovhenekera, zvichiratidza kusagadzikana. Semutemo, hazviratidze kuti vhiri nderei dambudziko. Muchiitiko chekuburitswa kwedatha pane chiratidziro, unogona kuwana ruzivo nezve tembiricha uye kumanikidza kwega vhiri zvakasiyana.

Pressure sensors uye nemhando dzakasiyana

Sensors ndizvo zvakakosha zvezvinhu zvehurongwa. Aya ndiwo michina yakaoma. Zvinosanganisira: inoparadzira kanyanga, bhatiri, kumanikidza uye tembiricha sensor pachayo. Midziyo yakadaro yevatongi iri mune epamberi masisitimu, asi kune zvakare iri nyore.

Sensors vanosiyaniswa zvinoenderana nedhizaini yavo uye nzira yekuisa:

• michina;
• external;
• zvemukati.

Mechanical sensors ndiyo yakapusa uye isingadhuri. Dzinoputirwa mukati pane chivharo. Iko kumanikidzwa kwetaya kunoendesa cap kune imwe nhanho. Ruvara rwegirini rwevhavha yekunze inoratidza kumanikidza kwese, yero - kupomba kunodiwa, tsvuku - yakaderera mwero Maseru akadaro haaratidzi nhamba chaidzo, uye zvakare anongomonyaniswa. Izvo hazvigoneke kuona kumanikidzwa pavari mukufamba. Izvi zvinogona chete kuitwa zvinoonekwa.

Maseru emagetsi ekunze anokwenenzverwa pavhavha, asi fambisa chiratidzo chinoramba chichienderera kune imwe frequency nezve mamiriro ekudzvinyirira kuchiratidziro, chiratidzo kana smartphone. Kusagadzikana kwavo kuri pamukana wekukuvara kwema mechanical pavanotyaira uye nekuwanika kune mbavha.

Yemukati yemagetsi emagetsi maseru akaiswa mukati meiyo disc uye anoenderana nemavhiri mavhiri. Zvese zvemagetsi zvigadzirwa, kanyanga uye bhatiri zvakavanzwa mukati megumbo. Iyo yakajairika vharuvhu inoiswa pamusoro kubva kunze. Iyo yekudzikira ndeye kuomarara kwekuisirwa. Kuti umise iwo, vhiri rega rinofanira kuganhurwa. Hupenyu hwebhatiri hweiyo sensor, zvese zvemukati nekunze, kazhinji zvinogara kwemakore 7-10. Ipapo iwe unofanirwa kugadzirisa.

Kana iwe ukaisa vhiri rinomanikidza maseru, ita shuwa yekuyambira iro fitter fitter nezve izvi. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, vanochekwa panotsiviwa rabha.

Sisitimu zvakanakira nekuipira

Zvakanakira zvinotevera zvinogona kusimbiswa:

1. Kuvandudzwa kwekuchengeteka. Iyi ndeimwe yemabhenefiti akakosha uye akakosha ehurongwa. Nerubatsiro rweTPMS, mutyairi anogona kuona chinetso chakamanikidza munguva, nokudaro achidzivirira zvingangoitika kuparara netsaona.

2. Kuchengetedza. Zvinotora imwe mari kuisa iyo system, asi ichabhadhara mukufamba kwenguva. Optimum kumanikidza kuchakubatsira iwe mafuta zvakanaka. Hupenyu hwebasa hwematairi hunowedzerwawo.

Zvichienderana nerudzi rwehurongwa, zvakare ine zvimwe zvinokanganisa:

2. Kufumura kuba. Kana zvisingaite kuba ma sensors emukati, saka zvekunze zvinowanzo kumonyaniswa. Iko kutariswa kwevagari vasina hanya vanogona zvakare kukwezva nekuwedzera kuratidzwa mukamba.
3. Kukanganisa uye kusashanda zvakanaka. Motokari dzinosvika kubva kuEurope neU.SA dzinowanzouya nemavhiri akabviswa kuchengetedza nzvimbo. Paunenge uchiisa mavhiri, zvingave zvakafanira kuenzanisa ma sensors. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa, asi rumwe ruzivo runogona kudikanwa. Maseru ekunze anoratidzwa kune ekunze nharaunda uye zvemagetsi kukuvara, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukuparara kwavo.
4. Kuwedzera kuratidza (kwekuzvimisikidza-wega). Sezvo mutemo, mota dzinodhura dzinotanga dzakashongedzwa neyakaomeswa control system. Ruzivo rwese rwunoratidzwa zviri nyore pane-pane-bhodhi komputa skrini. Ma-self-akaisirwa masisitimu ane akapatsanurwa anoratidza anotaridzika semutorwa mukamuri. Neimwe nzira, isa iyo TPMS module mune iyo fodya yakareruka. Zvenguva refu yekupaka uye chero nguva, unogona kungoibvisa.

Zvinogona kuitika TPMS malfunctions

Izvo zvikonzero zvikuru zvekusaita basa kweTPMS sensors zvinogona kuva:

• kusashanda kwechikamu chekutonga uye kutapudza chishandiso;
• kubuda kwemagetsi ekuunganidza;
• zvemaziso kukuvara;
• kukurumidza kudzoreredza vhiri kana mavhiri asina sensors.

Zvakare, kana uchitsiva imwe yeakavakirwa-mukati ma sensors neimwe, iyo sisitimu inogona kupokana uye ichipa kukanganisa chiratidzo. MuEurope yakajairwa redhiyo frequency ye sensors 433 MHz, uye muUSA iri 315 MHz.

Kana imwe yema sensors iri kunze kwehurongwa, saka kuigadzirisazve iyo system kunogona kubatsira. Iyo yekupindura nhanho yeiyo isingashande sensor yakagadzirirwa zero. Izvi hazviwanikwe pane ese masisitimu.

TPMS inogona kuratidza maviri ekuratidzira zvikanganiso padheshibhodhi: "TPMS" uye "Tire ine kushevedzera chiratidzo". Izvo zvakakosha zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti mune yekutanga kesi, kusashanda kwakabatana nekushanda kwesisitimu pachayo (control unit, sensors), uye mune yechipiri nekumanikidza kwetaya (isina kukwana mwero).

Mune masisitimu epamberi, wega wega mutongi ane yake yakasarudzika kodhi kodhi. Semutemo, vanouya nefekitori yakazara set. Kana uchivaenzanisa, kumwe kuteedzana kunofanirwa kuteverwa, semuenzaniso, kumberi kuruboshwe uye kurudyi, wozodzosera kurudyi uye kuruboshwe. Zvinogona kuve zvakaoma kumisikidza maseru akadaro iwe uye zviri nani kubata nyanzvi.