Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwemazhinji-ndiro kukwesheni batira
Kutakura mota,  Mota mudziyo

Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwemazhinji-ndiro kukwesheni batira

Mukutsanangurwa kwehunyanzvi hunhu hweakawanda maSUV uye mamwe emota dzevapfuuri nekushandurwa kwakasiyana kweane-mavhiri ekufambisa, iwe unogona kazhinji kuwana pfungwa yemubatanidzwa wemaplate mazhinji. Ichi chinhu chekukwesana chikamu cheyaanonzi plug-in ese-mavhiri ekutyaira. Kushanda kwechinhu ichi kunoita kuti zvikwanisike, kana zvichidikanwa, kuita axis isingashande inotungamira. Iyi dhizaini inoshandiswa, semuenzaniso, mune xDrive system, pane izvo zviripo Chitsauko chakaparadzana.

Kuwedzera kumotokari, akawanda-mahwendefa ekubatira anoshandiswa zvinobudirira mune akasiyana mamishini michina umo simba rekutora rinoitika pakati penzira mbiri dzakasiyana. Ichi chishandiso chakaiswa sechinhu chekuchinja, kuenzanisa uye kuwiriranisa madhiraivha enzira mbiri.

Funga nezve musimboti wekushandisa kwechigadzirwa ichi, ndeapi marudzi, pamwe nezvakanaka nezvayakaipira.

Mashandiro anoita clutch

Multi-plate kukweshera makutu michina inobvumidza iyo inotyairwa mashini kubvisa simba kubva kuna tenzi. Dhizaini yayo inosanganisira disc disc (yekukweshera uye mhando dzesimbi yezvikamu zvinoshandiswa). Chiito cheiyo mashandiro chinopihwa nekumanikidza ma disc. Kazhinji mumotokari, iyi mhando ye clutch inoshandiswa seimwe nzira yekusiyana kwekukiya (iyi nzira inotsanangurwa zvakadzama mune imwe ongororo). Mune ino kesi, yakaiswa mune yekuchinjisa kesi (nezve zvazviri uye nei ichidikanwa mukutapurirana, verenga pano) uye inobatanidza shaft inotyairwa yechipiri ekisero, nekuda kwekuti torque inopfuudzwa kumavhiri asingashandi, uye kufambisa kunotanga kuadzora. Asi mune yakapfava vhezheni, chishandiso chakadaro chinoshandiswa mubhagi re clutch.

Basa hombe remaitiro aya kubatanidza / kubvisa mauniti maviri anomhanya. Mukuita kwekubatanidza dhiraivha nemadhisiki anotyairwa, iyo clutch inoitika mushe pamwe nekufambira mberi kwesimba musimba redhiraivho. Pane zvinopesana, macomputer ekuchengetedza anodzima zvishandiso kana torque ichidarika yakanyanya kubvumidzwa kukosha. Maitiro akadaro anogona kuzvimiririra kubatanidza iwo mauniti mushure mekubviswa kwepamusoro. Nekuda kwekutendeseka kwakaderera kwerudzi urwu rwekubatanidza, ivo vanoshandiswa mune nzira umo kazhinji, asi kwenguva pfupi, zvakawandisa zvakaremerwa.

Kuti tinzwisise musimboti mashandiro michina iyi, zvakakwana kuyeuka sei batira gearbox (makanika kana robhoti), kana batira batira. Tsanangudzo pamusoro peyuniti yemotokari inotsanangurwa zvakasiyana... Muchidimbu, chitubu chine simba chinodzvanya disc padenga remhepo. Nekuda kweizvi, simba rinotorwa kubva kuchikamu chemagetsi kuenda kune shaft yekuisa yeiyo gearbox. Iyi mashandiro inoshandiswa kukamura kutapurirana kubva kuinjini yemoto yemukati, uye mutyairi akakwanisa kuchinjira mugiya raida.

Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwemazhinji-ndiro kukwesheni batira
1 - Akaremara; 2 - Inogoneswa; 3 - Friction discs; 4 - Simbi discs; 5 - Hub; 6 - Chitubu chekudzoka; 7 - Piston.

Musiyano mukuru uripo pakati peyakajairika-dhiragi batira uye yekukiya musiyano ndeyekuti mashandiro ari kutariswa anopa kumeso kubatana kwekutyaira uye kutyaira miseve Chiito ichi chinoitwa nechisimba simba, iro rinopa kunamatirana kwakasimba pakati pemadhisiki uye simba rinotorwa kuchikamu chinotyairwa. Zvichienderana nemudziyo unomanikidza ma disc, kumanikidzwa pawo kunogona kupihwa nechisimba chine simba, servo yemagetsi kana hydraulic mashini.

Iyo torque coefficient yakanangana zvakananga kune yekumanikidza simba yemadhisiki. Kana kuchinjiswa kwesimba kune shaft inotyairwa kunotanga (diski yega yega inomanikidzwa ichipidigirana, uye batira inotanga kumonyanisa shaft inotyairwa, kukakavadzana pakati pevashandisi kunopa kuwedzera kwakatsiga kwesimba rinoshanda pane yechipiri mashandiro shaft. Kumhanyisa kuri kumeso.

Zvakare, iro torque simba rinoenderana nenhamba yedhisiki iri mubato. Iyo yakawanda-disc dhizaini ine hukuru hwakakura mukuchinjisa simba kune yechipiri node, sezvo iwo wekubatana pamusoro pezvinhu zvekutaurirana achiwedzera.

Kuti mudziyo ushande nemazvo, zvinofanirwa kuchengetedza musiyano uripo pakati penzvimbo dzemadhisiki. Iyi paramende yakagadzwa nemugadziri, seinjiniya dzinoverenga masimba anoda kuiswa kuitira kuti michina ifambise zvakanaka torque. Kana kubviswa kwedhisiki kuri kushoma pane yakatarwa paramende, dhisiki dhisiki rinotenderera zvinhu zvinotyairwa, pasina chikonzero chekushanda kwavo.

Nekuda kweizvi, kupfeka kwemadhisiki kunopera nekukurumidza (nekukurumidza sei zvinoenderana nesaizi yegap). Asi iyo inowedzera nzvimbo pakati pemadhiski inozotungamira kune inokurumidza kupfeka kwechigadzirwa. Chikonzero ndechekuti madhisiki haazomanikidzwa nesimba rakawandisa, uye simba rekutenderera zvarinowedzera, batira rinotsvedza. Hwaro hwekushanda chaiko kwekubatanidza mushure mekugadziriswa kwayo ndeyekumisikidza nhambwe chaiyo pakati penzvimbo dzekusangana dzezvikamu.

Mudziyo uye zvikamu zvikuru

Saka, batira ine simbi mamiriro. Iko kune akati wandei kukweshera disc mukati maro (huwandu hwezvinhu izvi zvinoenderana nekushandurwa kwechimisikidzo, pamwe nesimba reiyo nguva iyo yaanofanirwa kutakura). Pakati pavo pane madhishi esimbi.

Zvinhu zvekukakavara zviri kusangana neyakaenzana simbi analogo (mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvese zvikamu zvekubatana zvine sputtering inoenderana), uye iro simba rekukweshera rinopihwa neyekupfeka zvinhu (zvinotenderwa kushandisa maceramics, se mune zvedongo mabhureki, Kevlar, inoumbwa nemidziyo yekabhoni uye zvichingodaro), inobvumidza iwe kuendesa anodiwa masimba pakati pechimiro

Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwemazhinji-ndiro kukwesheni batira

Shanduro yakajairika yekushandurwa kwemadhisiki simbi, iyo inoiswa yakakosha jasi. Zvishoma zvakajairika sarudzo dzakafanana, asi dzakagadzirwa nesimba-repurasitiki. Rimwe boka remadhisiki rakagadziriswa kune hub yechairi shaft, uye imwe yacho kune shaft inotyairwa. Smooth simbi discs isina kupesana rukoko yakatarwa kune inotyairwa shaft dhiramu.

Pistoni uye chitubu chekudzoka zvinoshandiswa kumanikidza discs zvakanyatsomirisana. Iyo pisitoni inofamba pasi pechiito chekumanikidza kwekutyaira (ma hydraulic kana mota yemagetsi). Mune hydraulic vhezheni, mushure mekumanikidzwa kwetsika kwadzikira, chitubu chinodzosera madiski munzvimbo dzawo, uye torque inomira kuyerera.

Pakati pemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzemapuratifomu akawanda, pane mhando mbiri:

  • Dry... Muchiitiko ichi, ma disc ari mudhiramu ane yakaoma nzvimbo, nekuda kwekuti iko kunokwana kukwana kwekukonana pakati pezvikamu kunowanikwa;
  • Wet... Nadzurudzo idzi dzinoshandisa hushoma hwemafuta. Lubricant inodiwa kuitira kuti uvandudze kutonhorera kwemadhisiki uye kuzorodza zvikamu zvemushini. Muchiitiko ichi, kuderera kwakakosha mueffefficient yekukwesana kuchaonekwa. Kubhadhara izvi zvakaipira, mainjiniya akapa rakasimba dhiraivha kune rakadaro batira, iro rinodzvanya ma disc zvakanyanya. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo yekukwesana rukoko rwezvikamu izvi zvinosanganisira zvemazuva ano uye zvinobudirira zvinhu.

Kune akasiyana madhisiki ekukweshera, asi musimboti wekushanda wakafanana kune ese iwo: dhisiki dhisiki rakamanikidzwa kumisidzana pamusoro penzvimbo yesimbi analogue, nekuda kwekuti iyo coaxial shafts yemayuniti akasiyana uye nzira dzakabatana. / disconnected.

Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa mukuvaka

Pachivanhu, diski disc inogadzirwa kubva kune yakakwira-chiwanikwa simbi, iyo yakaputirwa neanti-corrosion mumiriri. Mumotokari dzazvino, sarudzo inogadzirwa kubva kukabhoni yakasanganiswa zvinhu kana Kevlar inogona kushandiswa. Asi chinonyanya kushanda nhasi ndidzo nzira dzekupokana dzekukonana.

Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwemazhinji-ndiro kukwesheni batira

Vagadziri vanoshandisa zvakasiyana zvinhu kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakadaro, asi kazhinji izvi ndeizvi:

  • Retinax... Kuumbwa kwezvinhu zvakadaro kunosanganisira barite, asbestos, phenol-formaldehyde resini uye shavings yendarira;
  • Tribonite... Izvi zvinogadzirwa kubva musanganiswa weimwe peturu zvigadzirwa uye zvinoumbwa nezvinhu. Zvigadzirwa zvakadai zvinopesana nemishonga inokonzera, kuitira kuti chigoni chigone kushandiswa mumamiriro ekunyorova akakwirira;
  • Yakatsindirwa composite... Pamusoro pezvakakosha zvinhu zvinovimbisa kutendeka kwechigadzirwa, chinyorwa ichi chine tambo dzakasimba dzesimba dzinowedzera hupenyu hwechigadzirwa, kudzivirira kupfeka kusati kwasvika.

Chikamu chekuburitsa fomu

Sezvambotaurwa, multi-plate clutch ine madhishi maviri. Izvi zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa nenzira yemahwendefa, ayo anoshandiswa yakakosha machira kana kukweshera linings (izvo zvataurwa pamusoro zvakagadzirwawo). Kune zvakare kusiri-kwakajairwa kugadziridzwa kwezvikamu izvo zvinokwanisa kupa zvisirizvo kubatanidzwa kwezvikwata.

Mhando dzakasiyana

Zvichienderana nemushini unoshandiswa akawanda-mahwendefa ekumanikidza, zvigadziriso izvo zvakasiyana mukugadzirwa kwavo zvinogona kuiswa. Ngationgororei kuti ndeapi maitiro avo akasiyana. Muchidimbu, ivo vanosiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe muhukuru, chimiro, nhamba yemadhisiki ekutaurirana uye torque iyo inogona kugadzirwa nemuchina.

Sezvo isu tatoona, izvo zvakakosha zvinhu zvechigadzirwa zvinowanzo kuve disks. Asi seimwe sarudzo uye zvinoenderana nesarudzo inodiwa, madhiramu, tapered kana cylindrical zvikamu zvinogona kushandiswa. Shanduko dzakadai dzinoshandiswa mune iwo mauniti mune iyo torque inopfuudzwa mune isiri-standard modhi, semuenzaniso, kana iyo shafts yemayuniti isina kuenderana.

Dhisiki

Iyi mhando yekubatanidza ndiyo yakanyanya kuwanda. Mukugadzirwa kwekushandurwa kwakadai, pane dhiramu iro dhimoni dhiraivha rakagadziriswa. Friction analogue akaisirwa pakati pesimbi discs, ayo akaiswa pane inotyairwa shaft. Imwe yeaya makiti akasungirirwa kune imwechete unit achishandisa sitendi (kana akawanda tii).

Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwemazhinji-ndiro kukwesheni batira

Iko kushandiswa kwe disc coupling kune akati wandei maficha:

  • Kutanga, akawanda madhiraivha anogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa kuvimbika uye kugona;
  • Chechipiri, dhizaini dhizaini inogona kuve yakaoma, saka, kugadzirwa kwavo kunogona kusangana nemarara akasiyana siyana, nekuda kwekuti kune huwandu hwakawanda hwemitengo yezvinhu zvinooneka zvakafanana;
  • Yetatu, chimwe chezvakanaka zvezvinhu izvi zvidiki zvidimbu zvechikamu.

Yakafanana

Cone coupling inowanzo shandiswa mune clutch michina. Uyu ndiwo musiyano unoshandiswa mune akasiyana madhiraivhingi madhiraivha, nguva dzose, hombe torque inopfuudzwa kubva kuchinhu chekutyaira ichienda kune chinotyairwa chinhu.

Chigadzirwa chemushini uyu chine madhiramu akati wandei akabatanidzwa nendiro. Maforogo anoburitsa zvinhu aya ehukuru hwakasiyana. Iko kusarudzika kwekushandurwa uku ndekwekuti mahwendefa echikamu chinotyairwa chechigadzirwa anogona kutenderera zvine simba, uye zvigunwe zvakaiswa muchimiro pane imwe kona.

Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwemazhinji-ndiro kukwesheni batira

Zvimiro zveiyi shanduko yekubatanidza zvinosanganisira:

  • Kunonyanyisa kutsetseka kwetoriki inomuka;
  • High adhesion mwero;
  • Kwenguva pfupi yenguva, dhizaini iyi inokutendera kuti ugadzirise kumhanya kwekutenderera kwemasuniti. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unongofanirwa kushandura iyo yekumanikidza simba yezvinhu zvekukwesana.

Pasinei nehukuru hwekushanda, chigadzirwa ichi chine chimiro chakaomarara, saka, mutengo wegadziriro wakanyanya kwazvo uchienzaniswa neiyo yapfuura analogue.

Cylindrical

Shanduko iyi inonyanya kushomeka mumotokari. Ivo anowanzo shandiswa mumatepu. Hupamhi hwedhiramu yekutyaira mumudziyo uyu hombe, uye maraki anogona kunge akaenzana akasiyana. Iwo mapini ekukakavara zvakare akakura, uye akati wandei mabheyari anogona kuverengerwa mune iyo mashini. Iyo peculiarity yerudzi urwu rwekubatanidza ndeyekuti ivo vanokwanisa kumira nemitoro inorema.

Mukugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvakadai, zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa zvinomirira kupisa kwakanyanya. Chinhu chakakosha kusakosha kwemaitiro aya kukura kwavo kukuru.

Multi-disc maonero

Sezvatatoonekwa, akawanda-mahwendefa ekubatira anowanzo shandiswa mumotokari. Mudziyo wechinhu chakadai unosanganisira dhiramu rimwe rakaiswa mahwendefa matatu. Gaskets akaisirwa pamataini pini. Zvichienderana nemhando yechigadzirwa, rutsigiro runopfuura rumwe runogona kushandiswa muchimiro. Pane sarudzo mbiri dzechirimo. Ivo vanopa hukuru hwakadzika pasi uye maforogo akakura muhupamhi. Kazhinji idzi mhando dzekubatanidza dzinoiswa padhiraivho. Muviri wechinhu ichi chekupesana wakabatwa.

Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwemazhinji-ndiro kukwesheni batira

Iyi nadzurudzo yekubatanidza inobvumira iwo madimikira ekuyera echishandiso kuderedzwa pasina kupira kuita. Hezvino zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoshanda pane ino shanduko:

  1. Vanobvumidza kudzora iyo radial saizi yechigadzirwa, asi panguva imwechete ichiwedzera kugadzirwa kweiyo michina;
  2. Midziyo yakadaro inoshandiswa zvinobudirira mukutakura zvinhu;
  3. Kuwanda kwekukwesana kwezvinhu kunokutendera kuti uwedzere simba rekukweshera, nekuda kwekuti zvinokwanisika kupfuudza torque yesimba rakakura (icho chishandiso chinogona kuve chegumi risingaperi);
  4. Makutu akadaro anogona kunge akaoma kana kunyorova (aine lubricated friction discs).

Imwe chete dhiramu

Mune nadzurudzo iyi, rimwe kana mamwe mahwendefa ari mukati medhiramu. Downforce inogadziridzwa nemapini-akatakurwa mapini. Maitiro akafanana achiri kushandiswa mune mamwe mamodheru emota, asi kazhinji iwo anowanikwa mumakireni. Icho chikonzero cheichi iko kugona kutsungirira inorema ekisero mitoro.

Iyo yekubatanidza plug mune chimiro inoiswa padhuze nepasi payo. Iyo yekukweshera discs iri kutungamira, uye iwo anotyairwa aya akapukutwa, uye anogona kutenderera nekumhanya kumhanya. Zvimiro zvezvigadzirwa izvi zvinosanganisira:

  • Simba diki;
  • Kusava nekukakavara kana zvinhu zvinokonzeresa (mumarudzi mazhinji);
  • Iyo dhizaini inobvumira kudzikisa kupisa mukati mekushanda kwechigadzirwa;
  • Kana iwe ukashandisa iyo yekukweshera analogue, unogona kuwedzera torque simba.

Mhando dzine akawanda reels

Kazhinji unogona kuwana yekukweshera-mhando chengetedzo batira, dhizaini yayo inosanganisira akati wandei madhiramu. Zvakanakira rudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa zvinosanganisira kukwirira kwepamusoro, kusimbisa kwepamusoro, uye kugona kurarama nemitoro inorema. Mune izvi zvigadziriso, zvakapetwa hazviwanzo kushandiswa.

Models ane akawanda madhiramu anoshandisa hombe pinion giya, nepo mamwe mamodheru achishandisa tension pini uye mbiri rack. Iyo yekubatanidza plug iri kumberi kwechigadzirwa.

Izvi zvishandiso zvemidziyo hazvishandiswe mumadrive, sezvo zvine chinongedzo chinononoka. Vagadziri vakati wandei vakagadzira vhezheni yemhando yakawanda-yedhiramu iyo inoshandisa dhizaini rekuburitsa. Mukugadzirwa uku, dzinde rakatwasuka uye zvigunwe zvidiki.

Izvi zvinoshandurwa zvine hukuru hwakasimba. Ngoma dzinotenderera chete nedivi rimwe. Dhiraivha disc inogona kuwanikwa kumberi kweplate yekuburitsa kana kuseri kwayo.

Kubhururuka

Iyi nongedzo inongoshandiswa chete mukutakura. Dzimwe nguva vanogona kuiswa muchitima chekutyaira. Ivo vanoshandisa matsime ekuburitsa, pamusoro payo inosungisa mapini akaiswa, uye panogona kuve paine akati wandei zvikamu mukati. Yese ndiro yemuchina iri yakatwasuka, uye iyo bushing yakaiswa pakati pezvikamu (mukuwedzera, inoshanda sedamper).

Iko kusakosha kwekushandurwa uku kwekubatanidza ndiko kusimba kusimba kwemadhisiki. Kutenderera kwakasimba kweiyo shaft hakufanire kutenderwa zvakadaro. Nezvikonzero izvi, zvishandiso zviri muchikamu ichi hazvishandiswe mukutyaira.

Flanged

Kubatsira kwekubatanidza flange ndeyekuti dhiramu harina kusakara zvakanyanya mavari. Iwo ma disc akagadzika kuseri kwerack. Izvo zvikamu mukati mechigadzirwa zvidiki. Zvekuti iro rack rinogona kuve munzvimbo imwechete, rakamanikidzwa nemahwendefa akakosha. Kazhinji, zvitubu mumatanho akadaro zvinoiswa pazasi pechimiro. Zvimwe zvinoshandurwa zvinogona kuwiriraniswa nedhiraivho. Iyo shaft dhiraivha yakabatana kune chishandiso ine plug. Dzimwe nguva pane zvasarudzo zvinoshandisa yakafara svina disc. Iyi michina idiki muhukuru, uye muviri unogadzirwa nenzira yekoni.

Flange couplings zviri nyore kuisa nekuchengetedza. Zvigadzirwa zvakadaro zvine hupenyu hwakareba hwekushanda uye hwakavimbika hwakareba. Kunyangwe paine kuwanda kwemidziyo yakadaro, haisi kugara ichiiswa.

Yakataurwa

Iko kushandurwa kwekubatanidza kunogona kushandiswa mukutyaira nemasimba akasiyana. Dhizaini yemushini wakadai unoshandisa chikamu chakakura (panogona kunge paine notches pairi) nezvigunwe zvipfupi. Iwo ma disc akagadzika pazasi pemahwendefa. Mutumbi werudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa unogona kuve nemhando dzakasiyana, zvichienderana nehukuru hwezvinhu zvavo. Pini dzinosunga dzinoiswa pamberi peiyo rack.

Iko kubviswa kwesimba nechigadzirwa chakadai zvinoenderana nematanho edhiramu. Kazhinji, rusvingo rwaro rwakafara. Mheto dzayo hadzi sangana nemadhisiki nekuda kwekurodza uye kushandisa hinji.

Cam

Couplings zverudzi urwu zvinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri michina. Zvizhinji zvekugadzirisa zvinokwanisa kumira nemitoro inorema, asi izvi zvinoenderana nematanho edhiramu. Kune mhando dzakasiyana umo dhiramu rakagadziriswa nezvikamu, uye mahwendefa anogona kunge aripo mukugadzirwa kwawo. Kuchengetedza zvikamu pamwechete, muviri unogadzirwa muchimiro chekoni.

Shanduro dzinowanzoitika ndedzekusvina discs. Muchiitiko ichi, dhiramu rinenge riri diki. Iyo forogo mune iyi modhi yakabatana nematanda. Mimwe mhando yemachira inoshandisa aya marudzi ekubatanidza. Kugadziriswa kwetiki pini (zvidiki zvidimbu zvinoshandiswa) zvinogona kuitika padhuze nepasi pechikamu. Kubatsira kwemhando iyi yekubatanidza ndeyekuti dhiramu rinotyairwa hariperi.

Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwemazhinji-ndiro kukwesheni batira

Nheyo yekushanda kwekushandurwa kwakadai ndeinotevera:

  • Kana dhiraivha ikakwidziridzwa, makamera ari muhafu yekubatanidza anopinda muzvikamu zveimwe hafu yekubatanidza. Kubatana kwezvinhu zviviri kwakaomarara;
  • Chikamu chinoshanda chinofamba chichitenderedza axis uchishandisa spline kubatana (pachinzvimbo che spline, chimwe chinhu chegwara chinogona kushandiswawo);
  • Chikamu chinofamba chekupfeka kushoma kwemuchina chinofanirwa kuiswa pane shaft inotyairwa.

Iko kune kunatsurudzwa mune iyo makamera ari matatu, trapezoidal uye emakona mana. Iwo macams akagadzirwa nesimbi yakaoma kuti vagone kumira zvinorema zvinorema. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, asymmetrical profile inogona kushandiswa.

Dhiraivha sarudzo

Zvekutyaira mashandiro, akadaro akawanda-mahwendefa ekubatirira anoshandiswa, umo mune imwe uye yakati wandei madhiramu anogona kushandiswa. Mune idzi shanduro, hunde yakakodzera kukwirisa pane diki shaft. Dhiramu rakagadzika yakatwasuka. Zvizhinji zvezvibatanidzwa izvi zvinoshandisa aluminium discs (kana maalloys avo). Zvakare, nzira dzakadai dzinogona kunge dziine zvinhu zvakatakurwa muchirimo.

Mune yakasarudzika kesi, iyo drive clutch ine maviri ekuwedzera discs, pakati payo yakaiswa ndiro. Bhazi rakasungirirwa kuseri kwetsvimbo yechigadzirwa. Kudzivirira dhiramu kubva pasati rapera kupera, dhizaini yemuchina inopa kuvapo kwekutakura.

Iwo mamodheru anoshandiswa mumagetsi-ekuisirwa emagetsi ane dhizaini yakati siyanei. Chikamu chakaiswa padyo padiki pakudzvinyirira dhiramu, uye dhiramu rinotyairwa rakaiswa padura rakakura. Zvitubu zvinogona kusungirirwa nezvisungo. Iyo forogo inogadziriswa pazasi. Muviri wekumwe kugadzirisa wakabatidzwa. Mudziyo wemichina unogona kusanganisira mahwendefa madiki ekushanda.

Sleeve-chigunwe

Kubatana kweminwe-gwenzi zvakare kwakajairika. Ivo anoshandiswa mukuvaka kwakasiyana michina. Zvimiro zveshanduro iyi zvinosanganisira zvinotevera zvinhu:

  • Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvigadzirwa izvi zvinogadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvimwe zviyero, kuitira kuti iwe ugone kusarudza nyore muenzaniso wakakodzera wesangano chairo;
  • Paunenge uchigadzira iyi michina, unogona kurodha pasi sarudzo dzinoverengeka dzemifananidzo yakadzama kubva paInternet;
  • Zvinhu zvakasiyana zvinogona kushandiswa zvichienderana nechinangwa chekubatanidza.
Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwemazhinji-ndiro kukwesheni batira

Kazhinji, aya marudzi ekubatanidza anoshandiswa se fuses.

Kukakavara

Kukakavara zvikwambo zvinoshandiswa mune idzo nzira idzo dzinotapurika kutapurirana kwetoriki kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi, zvisinei nekutenderera kumhanya kwekutyaira uye kutyairwa shafts. Zvakare, uku kushandurwa kunokwanisa kushanda pasi pemutoro. Iyo peculiarity yekushanda kweiyo mashandiro iri mune yakanyanya kukakavara simba, iyo inosimbisa iyo yakanyanya kugona simba kutora-kubvisa.

Izvo zvinhu zvekupokana maficha zvinosanganisira zvinotevera zvinhu:

  • Hapana mitoro inokatyamadza, nekuti kubatanidzwa kunoitika mushe pamwe nekutsvedza panguva yekubatanidza ma disc. Uku ndiko kubatsira kwakakosha kweshanduko iyi;
  • Nekuda kwekumanikidza kwakasimba kwema discs pakati pavo, slip inoderedzwa, uye simba rekukwikwidza rinowedzera. Izvi zvinotungamira mukuwedzera kwetoriki pane inotyairwa unit kusvika padanho rekuti shanduko dzemumatope dzive dzakafanana;
  • Nhanho yekutenderera kweiyo shaft inotyairwa inogona kugadziriswa uchishandisa simba rekumanikidza kwema discs.

Kunyangwe paine zvakanakira, makwikwi ekupokana anewo zvakakomba zvakashata. Chimwe chazvo kuwedzerwa kusakara kwenzvimbo dzekukweshera dzemadhizaini ekubatana. Uye zvakare, sezvo simba rekukwesana richiwedzera, ma disc anogona kupisa zvakanyanya.

Kubatsira uye kuipa

Izvo zvakanakira ematafura-akawanda emakutu anosanganisira:

  • Yakakwana dhizaini dhizaini;
  • Iyo unit pachayo, mune iyo yekubatanidza kwakadaro inoshandiswa, ichave zvakare iri diki;
  • Kuti uwedzere torque, hapana chikonzero chekuisa disc hombe. Kune izvi, vagadziri vanoshandisa yakawandisa dhizaini ine akawanda discs. Kutenda neizvi, nehuremu hwakadzikama, chishandiso chinokwanisa kupfuudza chakakodzera torque torque;
  • Simba rinopihwa kune shaft dhiraivhu zvakanaka, pasina kubhururuka;
  • Izvo zvinokwanisika kubatanidza miseve miviri mundege imwechete (coaxial kubatana).

Asi chishandiso ichi chinewo zvimwe zvisina kunaka. Nzvimbo isina kusimba pane ino dhizaini maficha emadhisidhi, ayo anopera nekufamba kwenguva kubva pane zvakasikwa maitiro. Asi kana mutyairi aine tsika yekutsimbirira peturu kana achimhanyisa mota kana panzvimbo isina kugadzikana, ipapo batira (kana hutachiwana hwakamira nayo) ichakurumidza kupera.

Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwemazhinji-ndiro kukwesheni batira

Nezve mhando dzakanyorova dzekubatanidza, iyo viscosity yemafuta inobata zvakananga simba rekukonana riri pakati pemadhisiki - iwo mukobvu wekuzora, zvakanyanya kusungirirwa. Nechikonzero ichi, munzira dzakashongedzerwa nemabhande akawanda, zvakakosha kuti uchinje oiri nenzira yakakodzera.

Kubatanidza kunyorera

Multi-plate clutches inogona kushandiswa mune dzakasiyana mota masisitimu. Heano maitiro uye zvikamu zvinogona kuiswa nemuchina uyu:

  • Mu clutch mabhasiketi (aya ari variator modified umo musina torque inoshandura);
  • Otomatiki hutachiwana - muchikamu ichi, batira ichaendesa torque kune yemapuraneti giya;
  • Mumabhokisi erobhoti. Kunyangwe isiri yakasarudzika yakawanda-ndiro bhagiji inoshandiswa pano, mbiri yakaoma kana yakanyorova batira inoshanda pane imwecheteyo (kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve preselective gearboxes, verenga mune imwe chinyorwa);
  • Mune ese-mavhiri ekutyaira masisitimu. Iyo multi-plate clutch yakaiswa mune yekuchinjisa kesi. Mune ino kesi, iyo mashini inoshandiswa seanalogog yepakati kusiyanisa kukiya (kune ruzivo rwekuti nei mudziyo uyu ungangoda kukiyiwa, verenga zvakasiyana). Mune ino gadziriro, iyo otomatiki nzira yekubatanidza iyo yechipiri ekisero ichave yakapfava kupfuura kana iri yechinyakare kusiyanisa kukiya;
  • Mune kumwe kunatsurudzwa kwemisiyano. Kana yakawanda-ndiro bhatani rinoshandiswa mune yakadaro mashandiro, saka rinopa kukwana kwakazara kana kusarura kwekuvhara kwechigadzirwa.

Nekudaro, kunyangwe hazvo tsika dzechinyakare dzichitsiviwa zvishoma nezvishoma nema hydraulic, magetsi kana mweya wekufananidza, mune dzakawanda masisitimu hazvisati zvave kugona kubvisa zvachose kuvapo kwezvikamu zvinoshanda zvichibva pamitemo yepanyama, semuenzaniso, kukweshera simba. Iyo yakawanda-ndiro yekubatira chiratidzo cheizvi. Nekuda kwekureruka kwayo dhizaini, ichiri kudikanwa mumakamuri mazhinji, uye dzimwe nguva inotsiva akaomesesa michina.

Kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti zvinhu izvi zvinogara zvichida kugadziriswa kana kutsiviwa, vagadziri havagone kuzvitsiva zvine hunyanzvi. Chinhu chega chakaitwa nemainjiniya kugadzira zvimwe zvinhu zvinopa kuramba kupfeka kwezvigadzirwa.

Pakupera kwekudzokorora, tinopa vhidhiyo ipfupi nezve kukweshera kwakawanda.

Kukweshera kwemabatiro

Kugadziriswa kwema friction clutches

Zvichienderana nekugadziriswa uye chinangwa che friction clutch, inogona kugadziriswa pane kutenga imwe itsva. Kana mugadziri wechigadzirwa ichi akapa mukana wakadaro, saka kutanga kwezvose zvakakosha kubvisa yakasakara friction layer. Inogona kugadziriswa kune substrate uchishandisa rivets kana epoxies. Mushure mekuputsika, pamusoro pechigadziko chinofanira kucheneswa zvakanaka nemasara eglue kana jecha kana paine maburrs pairi.

Sezvo kupfekwa kwezvinhu zvekukwenya kunoitika nekuda kwekutsvedza kwekubatanidza nekuedza kukuru, zvingave zvakanyanya kushanda kusaisa lining nyowani uchishandisa rivets, asi kuibatanidza kune iyo simbi base yekubatanidza ne epoxy zvinhu zvakagadzirirwa. kushanda pakupisa kukuru.

Kana iwe ukasungira zvinhu zvekukwenya nema rivets, sezvo dhizaini iri kupera, rivets inogona kunamatira kune simbi inoshanda pamusoro peiyo yakabatana disc, iyo ichaita kuti isagoneke. Nekugadzirisa kwakavimbika kweiyo friction layer pachigadziko, unogona kushandisa VS-UT glue. Iri rinonamira rinoumbwa nemasynthetic resin akanyungudutswa muorganic solvents.

Firimu yeadhesive iyi inopa kusungirirwa kwakachengeteka kwezvinhu zvekukwenya kune simbi. Iyo firimu ndeye refractory, kwete pasi pekuparadzwa nekuda kwekusangana nemvura, yakaderera tembiricha uye zvigadzirwa zvemafuta.

Mushure mekugadzirisa clutch, unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti friction layer ichave yakanyatsobatana nepamusoro pekushanda kwesimbi disc. Nokuda kweizvi, muto mutsvuku unoshandiswa - pendi yeorenji. Iyo yekuonana nzvimbo inofanirwa kunyatsoenderana nenzvimbo yeiyo clutch friction element. Kana, panguva yekushanda, yakashata-yemhando kana yakakanganiswa friction element yakakuvadza pamusoro pedhisiki disk (scratches, burrs, etc. yakaonekwa), kunze kwekugadzirisa friction pad, nzvimbo yekushanda inofanirawo kuiswa jecha. Zvikasadaro, friction lining inopera nekukurumidza.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Chii chinonzi friction clutch? Chinhu chakadaro chinopa kunamatira kwemaitiro maviri uchishandisa madhisiki ane friction uye yakatsetseka pamusoro. Muenzaniso wekare wekubatana kwakadaro ndeye clutch basket.

Disc clutch inoshanda sei? Iyo drive shaft ine main disc inotenderera, iyo inofambiswa discs / disc inotsikirirwa pairi nechitubu chine simba. Iyo yekukwenya pamusoro, nekuda kwesimba rekupokana, inovimbisa kutamiswa kwe torque kubva ku disc kuenda kugiya bhokisi.

Chii chinoitika kana friction clutch inobata? Kana iyo friction clutch inobata, inotora simba remagetsi (torque) uye inoendesa kune chikamu chinotevera chemuchina. Izvi zvinoburitsa simba rekupisa.

Chii chinonzi multi-plate friction clutch? Uku ndiko kugadziridzwa kwemashini, chinangwa chekufambisa torque. Iyo meshini inosanganisira paki yemadhisiki (rimwe boka isimbi, uye imwe iri frictional), iyo yakanyatso kudzvanywa kune mumwe nemumwe.

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