huremu huremu chikamu 2

Tinoenderera mberi nehurukuro yakavhiringidzwa yemotokari dzinorema. Tichatanga chikamu chechipiri nechinhu chinoshuviwa nevakawanda, kunyanya vechidiki, chinhu chinozivikanwa kubva kumafirimu akawanda akanakisa etirakita yekuAmerica, kazhinji inopenya kubva kure nechrome-plated chrome.

american rori

Hombe rori tirakitaс injini ine simba mberi, chrome inopenya muzuva uye ichibaya denga nemapombi emhepo akatwasuka - mufananidzo wakadaro, wakaumbwa netsika yepop, kunyanya cinematography, zvirokwazvo uchaonekwa pamberi pemeso edu patinofunga nezveAmerican vanobatana nemarori. Kazhinji, ichava chiratidzo chechokwadi, kunyange kune mamwe marudzi emarori muAmerica.

Ndekupi chaizvo iro rakasiyana dhizaini uye dhizaini rinobva - hapana mhinduro isina kujeka kumubvunzo uyu, asi akati wandei mhedziso inogona kutorwa. Vanhu vekuAmerica kazhinji vanoda mota hombesaka izvi zvinoratidzwawo rori, nzira dziri muAmerica dzinowanzoreba zvikuru uye vatyairi vanotyaira zviuru zvamakiromita panguva, kazhinji kazhinji nomunzvimbo dzakaparadzwa, uye injini iri mberi inopa nzvimbo yakawanda nokuda kwekombi yomutyairi, iyo inogona kugadzirirwa nechinhu chipi nechipi chakanaka. Camper.

1. Remangwana remarori eAmerica - Peterbilt 579EV neKenworth T680 nemasero emafuta pamusuwo wePikes Peak yakakurumbira.

Miganho yepamutemo pakukura kwerori yakanyanya kuderera kupfuura muEurope, semuenzaniso, saka marori eAmerica anogona kunge akakura uye akawedzera. Imwe yemisiyano yakakosha ndeye kukurumidza, muUS, vatyairi vanogona kutyaira nekukurumidza nekuti havana kurambidzwa electronic muzzles, muEurope, miganhu inowanzoiswa kune yakatenderedza 82-85 km / h. Nyangwe tachograph ikozvino inodiwa muEurope neUS, asi kunze kwenyika inonyanya kushandiswa kudzora nguva yekushanda yemutyairi, uye kuOld Continent zvakare kutevedzera muganhu wekumhanya, uye michina mitsva yakachenjera, yave ichishanda kwemakore maviri, yakagamuchira rimwe basa, nekuda kwaro zvinokwanisika kugadzirisa otomatiki nzvimbo yemotokari.

Asi marori e "mhino" haasi makuru kune marori eEurope mune zvese, iyo yekupedzisira, sekutonga, yakashongedzerwa zviri nani, ine mamwe magadzirirwo emazuva ano, uye, sekuziva kwevanhu vashoma, simba rakajairwa reinjini dzavo (anenge 500 KM) mukuru kupfuura mukati Peterbilt marori kana Freightliner (inenge 450 hp). Uye chinotonyanya kushamisa ndechekuti ivo vanowanzoita zvimwe chetezvo. matangi emafuta makuru.

2. Mukati menzvimbo yekurara yemutyairi muFreightliner Cascadia

Makore 125 apfuura

Iyi ndiyo nguva yapfuura kubva ipapo Gottlieb Daimler akavaka iro nhasi rinonzi rori rokutanga. Motokari iyi yakavakwa panzvimbo yeDaimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft muCannstat pedyo neStuttgart.

Zvamazvirokwazvo zvaiva chingoro chinodhonzwa nebhiza, muchimiro chepuratifomu yakaderera, iyo mugadziri weGermany akawedzera 1,06-lita maviri-cylinder injini shure kwemashure emashure uye "inozunungusa" simba guru re 4 hp. Injini iyi, inonzi "phoenix", inogona kushanda nepeturu, coke oven gas kana parafini. Daimler akaibatanidza kune ekisero yekumashure achishandisa bhandi dhiraivha.

Panguva iyoyo, rori yeDaimler yakanga yakanyatsobuda - ekisesi yepamberi yakaderedzwa neyakachinjika. elliptical resourcesuye mushure maiva nezvitubu zvesimbi. Vakashandisawo coil zvitubukudzivirira kutapurirana kwezvinovhundutsa kune injini inonzwisisika. Zvinofanira kuyeukwa kuti motokari yakakunguruka pamavhiri esimbi akaoma, uye mamiriro emigwagwa panguva iyoyo akasiya zvakawanda zvingadiwa. Nyangwe Innovative Daimler marori vakakwaziswa nechido, mutengi wekutanga akawanikwa muEngland chete, mavaifanira kukwikwidzana nemusika-unodzora dhizaini.

3. Rori yekutanga yeGotlieb Daimler muna 1896.

Daimler akaenderera mberi nekuvandudza rorinekugadzira shanduro itsva nemamodheru. Makore maviri gare gare, muna 1898 rori yakawana chitarisiko chekuti kekutanga yakanyatsoisiyanisa kubva panguva iyoyo mota dzevatakuri uye panguva imwechete yakave nemhedzisiro yakanaka pakuremerwa kwayo - injini yakaiswa pamberi peaxle yekumberi. Daimler nemarori ake, uye gare gare motokari dzakafanana kubva kune mamwe mapiyona emotokari, dzaive dzakanyatsokodzera nguva chaiyo yenhoroondo - shanduko yeindasitiri yakanga ichiwedzera uye zvinhu zvinogadzirwa zvakanyanya zvaive zvichipinda mumusika waida kugoverwa nekukurumidza uye pamwero mukuru. . . Uye nanhasi hapana chakachinja panyaya iyi.

Tirem kune ramangwana

Kubva kare ngatisvetukire mune ramangwana izvozvi nekuti marori i musika wekutakura zvinhuuyewo zvakazara indasitiri yemazuva ano yemotokariiri kupinda munguva yekuchinja kukuru. Dambudziko guru nderechokwadi, ecology uye kuunzwa kwakawanda kwezvitsva, zviri nani ne zero emissions, pamwero mukuru. Nekudaro, zvinoita sekunge nekuda kweiyo chaiyo yemusika uyu uye dhizaini yemarori, kunyangwe huremu hwawo uye kusimba kwesimba repamusoro, shanduko idzi dzichava dzekushanduka-shanduka kwete shanduko. Nekudaro, izvi hazvireve kuti basa pamadhiraivha matsva harisisiri kuitwa uye kuiswa zvakarongeka mukushanda.

4. 10,6-lita 3-silinda matanhatu-piston dhiziri injini kubva Achates Power.

Nyanzvi dzakawanda kubva transport industry uye vagadziri vanofanotaura kuti kunyange mukati memakore mashanu anotevera, kutonga kwemotokari dzedhiziri hakuzorambiki. Kune mamwe mazano ekuvandudza iyi drive, semuenzaniso, yazvino kugadzirwa kweAmerican kambani Achates Power - matatu-cylinder dizeli nemapistoni matanhatu, ayo anotarisirwa kupisa mafuta nezvikamu zvisere kubva muzana uye anoburitsa anenge 8 muzana. mashoma ane chepfu oxides yenitrogen. Injini iyi inofanirwa kuve inoshanda zvakanyanya nekuda kwekusanganiswa kwemasilinda maviri anopikisana mumapiston. Pamwe chete vanoumba imwe kamuri inopisa uye pamwe chete vanotora simba remumwe nemumwe, vachirishandura kuita kufamba.

Nhanho inotevera yebudiriro, hongu, magetsi, uye nokufamba kwenguva, marori akawanda enyika angangove achishandiswa. Maererano neEurostat nhamba, 45 muzana. yezvinhu zvose zvinotakurwa nemugwagwa muEurope zvinovhara chinhambwe chisingasviki 300 km. Izvi zvinoreva kuti inenge hafu yemarori ese ari muEU anogona kutoiswa magetsi. Marori emagetsi ari kutanga kushandiswa munzvimbo dzemudhorobha dzisingade kureba, nepo mota dzehydrogen dzakanyanya kushanda dzichiwana kushandiswa mukufambisa kwemukati nekune dzimwe nyika.

5. Volvo magetsi marori

6. Kutakura kweramangwana maererano naDaimler: Mercedes-Benz eActros, Mercedes-Benz eActros LongHaul uye Mercedes-Benz GenH2 Truck.

Kuti tiratidze mafambiro epasirese, ngatishandisei mienzaniso yeimwe yevagadziri vakuru verori - Daimler naVolvo, iyo, zvakare, ichangobva kugadzira mubatanidzwa unonzi. Cellcentric, chinangwa chiri hydrogen injini kugadzirisa. Daimler achakurumidza kutanga kugadzira yekutanga serial heavy-duty mota inotyairwa chete nebhatiri electric drive - Mercedes-Benz eActros, iyo inotarisirwa kuva nehuwandu hwemakiromita anopfuura 200, kambani yakazivisawo motokari yemagetsi yakareba, Mercedes-Benz eActros LongHaul. Simba rayo rekuchengetedza mushure mekuchaja kwebhatiri rimwe richaita 500 km.

Pane rimwe divi Volvo Marori ichangobura mota nhatu nyowani dzemagetsi dzinorema: FM, FMX uye FH. Vane simba re490 kW uye torque yakakura ye2400 Nm. inosvika 540 kWh, iyo inofanirwa kupa simba rekuchengetedza anenge 300 km. Volvo yakazivisa kuti panosvika gore ra2030, hafu yemarori erudzi urwu anotengeswa kuEurope achange achishanda nemota yemagetsi kana hydrogen fuel cell. Nekudaro, kubva 2040, makambani ese ari maviri anongoda kutengesa mota dzine zero-emission injini.

7. Matori eKenworth T680 FCEV anowedzera mafuta nehydrogen pachiteshi chePort of Los Angeles.

muhukama masero emafuta uye kubudirira kunotarisirwa kupera kwemakore gumi. Iyo yambotaurwa Cellcentric inoronga kutanga kugadzira muna 2025. hydrogen mafuta masero Scale. Rori yekutanga yeDaimler kushandisa tekinoroji iyi. Rori Mercedes-Benz GenH2Nekushandisa mvura yehaidhirojeni, ine simba rakanyanya kusimba kupfuura gaseous hydrogen, inofanirwa kuenderana nekuita kwerori rinofambiswa nedhiziri rakajairwa uye riine huwandu hunopfuura 1000 km. GenH2 Truck zvakare chiratidzo chakanaka chekuti manyorerwo etirakita cabs achaenda kupi - anozorebesa zvishoma, akakwenenzverwa uye aerodynamic, iyo inonyanya kukosha mune yegirinhi madhiraivha.

Kuvandudzwa kwekufambisa kwezvisikwa izvi zvichakanganisa kwete mota chete pachadzo, asiwo nzira dzavanofamba nadzo. Muenzaniso wakanaka ndewekuedza electrified motorway sections ichangobva kuvhurwa kuti ishandiswe muGermany neSweden.

marori akasanganiswa vane pantographs yakaiswa, uye network yekuonana yakatambanudzwa pamusoro pemugwagwa pazvitsigiro. Pangosvika sisitimu yakabatana nehurongwa, injini yekupisa yemukati inodzimwa uye rori inomhanya zvachose pamagetsi. Kutyaira mumagetsi modhi zvinogoneka kwemakiromita akati wandei mushure mekusiya mutsetse nekuda kwesimba rakachengetwa mumabhatiri. Zvisinei, zvinoreva kugadzira migwagwa yakadaro kunokonzera kukakavara kwakawanda, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu ekuziviswa kwehydrogen revolution.

8. Scania R 450 ine pantograph panjanji ine magetsi

Imwe shanduko yakakosha yakamirira isu mune ramangwana, kuchinjwa zvishoma nezvishoma kwemarori echinyakare nemotokari dzinozvimiririra. Zvichida mune ramangwana riri kure zvishoma ivo vanozove chiyero marori asina makombinekuti dzinonyanya kushandiswa nevatyairi uye hadzichadiwi. Imwe nzira kana imwe, yekutanga muchina wakadaro wakatogadzirwa, iwo Rori yeSweden Einride T-Pod. Sezvineiwo, haigone kutengwa, sarudzo chete ndeyekurenda.

Marori makuru ekutanga akazvimirira Ivo zvakare vakaedzwa zvakanyanya kwenguva yakati, kusvika parizvino zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakavharwa zvinhu uko nzira dzekuchengetedza dziri nyore kuita, asi ivo vachangobva kubvumidzwa kutyaira mune mimwe migwagwa muUS.

Nhanho inotevera mukuvandudzwa kwezvifambiso zvezvifambiso ichave yeHub-2hub yekufambisa, ndiko kuti, kutakura pamwe nemigwagwa pakati penzvimbo dzekutakura. Pakutanga, marori acharamba achityairwa nevanhu, avo, zvisinei, zvishoma nezvishoma vanozoganhurirwa pakuona kwese kwemamiriro ezvinhu, vachipa kutonga kwemotokari kune autopilot, sezvagara zvakadaro mukufambisa kwendege. Pakupedzisira, kufamba pakati pehubhu kunofanirwa kuve kwakazvimiririra zvizere, uye vatyairi vapenyu vanogona kudikanwa kugovera zvinotakura kumarori madiki emuno.

10. Edza yakazvimirira rori yekuAmerica Peterbilt 579

11. Vera itirakita yeVolvo inozvimiririra ine mudziyo

Chaizvoizvo, autonomous transport inofanira kunge iri zvakawanda zvoupfumi (kuderedza mutengo wemotokari dzinoshanda uye mubairo wevatyairi), Kupera (hapana chikonzero chekuzorora kwemutyairi, izvo zvinowedzera nguva yekutyaira yerori kubva pazvino 29% kusvika 78%), zvakanyanya kugarisana nharaunda (kutsvedzerera kukuru) inobatsira zvikuru (dzimwe nzendo = mamwe maodha) i yakachengeteka (kubviswa kwechinhu chisingavimbike zvikuru chevanhu).