Kutakura Mafuta - Booster Pombi

Pombi yemafuta kana pombi yekutakura mafuta chikamu cheiyo injini yekufambisa yemafuta inotakura mafuta kubva mutangi kuenda kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzedunhu remafuta. Nhasi, idzi dzinonyanya kupinza majekiseni (high pressure) - yakananga jekiseni injini. Mumainjini ekare (peturu isina kunanga jekiseni) yaive yakananga jekiseni kana kunyange mumotokari dzechikuru kabureta (float chamber).

Iyo pombi yemafuta mumotokari inogona kufambiswa nemakanika, hydraulically kana magetsi.

Mapombi Emafuta Anofambiswa Nemichina

Dhiyabhorosi pombi

Ekare peturu injini dzine carburetors kazhinji kushandisa diaphragm pombi (discharge pressure 0,02 kusvika 0,03 MPa), iyo inodzorwa nemuchina ne eccentric mechanism (pusher, lever uye eccentric). Kana iyo carburetor yakazadzwa zvakakwana nemafuta, iyo inoyangarara kamuri yetsono valve inovhara, iyo pombi yekubuda kwevhavha inovhura, uye mutsara wekuburitsa unoramba uchimanikidzwa kuti ubate diaphragm munzvimbo yakanyanyisa yemaitiro. Kutakurwa kwemafuta kwave kukanganiswa. Kunyangwe iyo eccentric mechanism ichiri kushanda (kunyangwe injini iri kushanda), chitubu chinogadzirisa kubuda kwepombi diaphragm inoramba yakadzvanywa. Kana vharafu yetsono ichivhura, kudzvanywa kwepombi yekuburitsa mutsara kunodonha, uye diaphragm, inosundirwa nechitubu, inoita kurohwa kwemvura, iyo inozorora zvakare pamusundi kana lever ye eccentric control mechanism, iyo inomanikidza chitubu pamwe chete. iyo diaphragm uye inosveta mafuta kubva mutangi kupinda mukamuri yekuyangarara.

pombi yegiya

Iyo pombi yegiya inogona zvakare kufambiswa nemichina. Iyo inowanikwa kana yakananga mune yakakwira yekumanikidza pombi, kwainogovera dhiraivha nayo, kana inowanikwa yakaparadzana uye ine yayo mechanical drive. Iyo pombi yegiya inofambiswa nemakanika kuburikidza neclutch, giya kana bhandi rine mazino. Iyo pombi yegiya iri nyore, diki muhukuru, yakareruka muhuremu uye yakavimbika zvakanyanya. Kazhinji, pombi yemukati yegiya inoshandiswa, iyo, nekuda kweiyo yakakosha giya, haidi zvimwe zvekuwedzera zvisimbiso kuti zvisimbise nzvimbo dzega (makamuri) pakati pemeno uye maburi pakati pemeno. Hwaro magiya maviri akabatanidzwa akabatana anotenderera akatarisana. Vanotakura mafuta pakati pemiti kubva kudivi rekusveta kusvika kune rekumanikidza. Nzvimbo yekubatana pakati pemavhiri inodzivirira kudzoka kwemafuta. Vhiri regiya remukati rekunze rakabatanidzwa kune mechanically driven (engine driven) shaft inotyaira vhiri rekunze regiya remukati. Mazino anoumba makamuri ekutakura akavharwa ayo anoderera uye anowedzera. Iwo makamuri ekuwedzera akabatanidzwa kune inlet (kusveta) kuvhura, makamuri ekudzikisa akabatanidzwa kune yekubuda (kuburitsa) kuvhura. Iyo pombi ine yemukati giya bhokisi inoshanda ne discharge pressure inosvika 0,65 MPa. Kukurumidza kwepombi, uye naizvozvo huwandu hwemafuta anotakurwa, hunoenderana nekumhanya kwejini uye naizvozvo inodzorwa nevhavhavha yevhavha padivi rekusveta kana kuti chivharo chekumanikidza padivi rekumanikidza.

Mapombi emafuta anofambiswa nemagetsi

Nenzvimbo, ivo vakakamurwa kuva:

• in-line pombi,
• pombi mutangi remafuta (mu-tangi).

In-Mutsetse zvinoreva kuti pombi inogona kuwanikwa chero kupi pane yakaderera yekumanikidza mafuta mutsetse. Iyo inobatsira ndeye nyore kutsiva-kugadzirisa muchiitiko chekuputsika, kukanganisa ndiko kudiwa kwenzvimbo yakakodzera uye yakachengeteka kana paine kuparara - kuputika kwemafuta. Iyo pombi inodzika (In-Tank) chikamu chinobviswa chetangi yemafuta. Inosungirirwa pamusoro pe tangi uye inowanzova chikamu chemodule yemafuta, iyo inosanganisira, semuenzaniso, firiji yemafuta, chigadziko chinoputika uye sensor level level.

Pombi yemafuta emagetsi inowanzowanikwa mutangi remafuta. Inotora mafuta kubva mutangi uye inoendesa kune yakakwirira yekumanikidza pombi (yakananga jekiseni) kana kune majekiseni. Inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti, kunyangwe mumamiriro akanyanya (yakavhurika throttle mashandiro pakupisa kwekunze kwekunze), mabhuru haaumbi mumutsara wemafuta nekuda kweiyo vacuum yakakwira. Nekuda kweizvozvo, hapafanirwe kuve nekukanganisa kweinjini nekuda kwekuonekwa kwemafuta mabhuru. Mabubble vapors anodzoserwa kutangi remafuta kuburikidza nepombi inobuda. Iyo pombi yemagetsi inogadziriswa kana kupisa kwavhurwa (kana musuwo wemutyairi wakavhurwa). Iyo pombi inomhanya kwemasekonzi maviri uye inovaka yakawandisa mumutsara wemafuta. Panguva yekupisa munyaya yeinjini dzedizeli, pombi inodzimwa kuitira kuti isaremedza bhatiri zvisina basa. Pombi inotanga zvakare nokukurumidza injini inotanga. Mapombi emafuta anofambiswa nemagetsi anogona kubatanidzwa kune immobilizer yemotokari kana alarm system uye inodzorwa neiyo control unit. Nokudaro, chikwata chekutonga chinovhara kushandiswa (voltage supply) yepombi yemafuta muchiitiko chekushandiswa kusina kubvumirwa kwemotokari.

Pombi yemafuta yemagetsi ine zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru:

• mota yemagetsi,
• sam nasos,
• kubatanidza chivharo.

Ivhavha yekubatanidza ine yakavakirwa-mukati magetsi ekubatanidza uye mubatanidzwa wekubaya jekiseni mutsara wemafuta. Inosanganisirawo valve isingadzoki inochengetedza dizeli mumutsara wemafuta kunyange mushure mokunge pombi yemafuta yadzimwa.

Panyaya yekugadzira, tinopatsanura pombi dzemafuta kuita:

• mazino
• centrifugal (ine mativi chiteshi),
• sikuruu,
• bapiro.

Pombi yegiya

Pombi yegiya inotyairwa nemagetsi yakangofanana nepombi yegiya inofambiswa nemuchina. Vhiri remukati rekunze rakabatana nemota yemagetsi inotyaira vhiri rekunze remukati.

Pombi yekukwenya

Mune rudzi urwu rwepombi, mafuta anosvetwa mukati uye anobudiswa nepeya-inotenderera inotenderera helical gear rotors. Marotor anobata neadiki-diki kutamba uye akaiswa kwenguva refu mubhokisi repombi. Iko kutenderera kunoenderana kwemazino rotors kunogadzira inosiyana vhoriyamu yekufambisa nzvimbo inofamba zvakanaka muaxial direction sezvo rotors inotenderera. Munzvimbo yekupinza mafuta, nzvimbo yekufambisa inowedzera, uye munzvimbo yekubuda, inodzikira, izvo zvinogadzira dhizaini yekubuda inosvika 0,4 MPa. Nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo, screw pump inowanzoshandiswa sepombi inoyerera.

Vane roller pombi

An eccentrically mounted rotor (disk) inoiswa mupombi casing, iyo ine radial grooves kumativi ayo denderedzwa. Mune grooves, ma rollers akaiswa ane mukana wekutsvedza, achigadzira izvo zvinonzi mapapiro e rotor. Kana ichitenderera, simba re centrifugal rinogadzirwa, richidzvanya ma rollers mukati mepombi yepombi. Imwe neimwe groove inotungamira rimwe roller zvakasununguka, ma roller achiita sechisimbiso chekutenderera. Nzvimbo yakavharwa (chamber) inogadzirwa pakati pema roller maviri uye orbit. Idzi nzvimbo dzinowedzera cyclically (mafuta anoyamwa mukati) uye anodzikira (akadzingwa kubva mumafuta). Nokudaro, mafuta anotakurwa kubva kune inopinza (inopinza) chiteshi kuenda kune chekubuda (outlet) chiteshi. Iyo vane pombi inopa discharge pressure inosvika 0,65 MPa. Iyo yemagetsi roller pombi inonyanya kushandiswa mumotokari dzevatyairi uye dzakareruka dzekutengesa mota. Nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo, yakakodzera kushandiswa semu-tangi pombi uye inowanikwa zvakananga mutangi.

A - yekubatanidza chivharo, B - mota yemagetsi, C - kupomba chinhu, 1 - kubuda, kubuda, 2 - mota armature, 3 - kupomba chinhu, 4 - pressure limiter, 5 - inlet, suction, 6 - cheki vharafu.

1 - kusveta, 2 - rotor, 3 - roller, 4 - base plate, 5 - outlet, discharge.

Pombi yeCentrifugal

Rotor ine blades inoiswa muimba yepombi, iyo inofambisa mafuta kubva pakati kusvika kune denderedzwa nekutenderera uye chiito chinotevera chemasimba e centrifugal. Kudzvinyirirwa murutivi rwekumanikidza nzira kunowedzera nguva dzose, i.e. zvingangoita pasina kuchinja (pulsations) uye inosvika 0,2 MPa. Iri rudzi rwepombi rinoshandiswa sedanho rekutanga (pre-stage) munyaya yepombi yematanho maviri kuti igadzire kudzvinyirira kwekubvisa mafuta. Muchiitiko chekumira-chega, pombi ye centrifugal ine nhamba yakawanda ye rotor blades inoshandiswa, iyo inopa kubudiswa kwekumanikidza kusvika ku 0,4 MPa.

Pombi yemafuta maviri-nhanho

Mukuita, iwe unogona zvakare kuwana maviri-nhanho mafuta pombi. Iyi sisitimu inosanganisa mhando dzakasiyana dzepombi kuita imwe pombi yemafuta. Nhanho yekutanga yepombi yemafuta kazhinji ine yakaderera kudzvinyirira centrifugal pombi inokwevera mumafuta uye inogadzira kushoma kudiki, nekudaro degassing mafuta. Musoro wepombi yekudzikira kwedanho rekutanga unopinzwa mukupinda (kusveta) kwepombi yechipiri ine simba repamusoro rekubuda. Yechipiri - iyo pombi huru inowanzogadzirirwa, uye pakubuda kwayo iyo inodiwa yekumanikidza mafuta inogadzirwa kune yakapihwa mafuta system. Pakati pemapombi (kubudiswa kwepombi yekutanga nekusvetwa kwepombi yechipiri) kune yakavakirwa-mukati-mumhepo yekuyamura valve kudzivirira hydraulic overload yepombi huru yemafuta.

Mapombi anofambiswa neHydraulic

Iri rudzi rwepombi rinonyanya kushandiswa mumatambudziko - fragmented mafuta matangi. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mune tangi yakatsemuka zvinogona kuitika kuti panguva yekuwedzera mafuta (pane curve) mafuta anogona kupfachukira kunzvimbo dziri kunze kwekusvetwa kwepombi yemafuta, saka zvinowanzodikanwa kutamisa mafuta kubva kune imwe tangi kuenda kune imwe. . Nokuda kweizvi, semuenzaniso, ejector pombi. Kuyerera kwemafuta kubva papombi yemafuta emagetsi inodhonza mafuta kubva mukamuri yepadivi retangi remafuta kuburikidza nemuromo wejector uye wozoiendesa mberi kune tangi rekutamisa.

Fuel pump accessories

Kutonhora kwemafuta

MuPD uye Common Rail jekiseni masisitimu, mafuta akashandiswa anogona kusvika pakupisa kwakanyanya nekuda kwekumanikidza kwakanyanya, saka zvinodikanwa kutonhodza mafuta aya usati wadzokera kutangi remafuta. Mafuta ari kupisa zvakanyanya achidzokera kutangi remafuta anogona kukuvadza ese tangi uye seni yemafuta. Mafuta anotonhodzwa mune inotonhorera yemafuta iri pasi pepasi pemotokari. Iyo inotonhorera yemafuta ine hurongwa hwematanho anotungamirwa kwenguva refu ayo mafuta anodzoserwa anoyerera. Iyo radiator pachayo inotonhodzwa nemhepo inoyerera ichitenderedza radiator.

Exhaust valves, activated carbon canister

Gasoline imvura inoputika zvakanyanya, uye kana ichinge yadirwa mutangi yopfuura nepapombi, peturu mhute nemabubbles zvinoumba. Kuti udzivise idzi mhute dzehutsi kutiza kubva mutangi uye midziyo yekubatanidza, yakavharwa mafuta system ine activated kabhoni bhodhoro inoshandiswa. Mafuta epeturu anoumba panguva yekushanda, asi zvakare kana injini yadzimwa, haigone kutiza yakananga kunharaunda, asi inotorwa nekusefa kuburikidza nemudziyo wemarasha wakabatidzwa. Activated kabhoni ine nzvimbo yakakura (1 giramu inenge 1000 m) nekuda kwechimiro chayo chine porous.²) iyo inobata gasious mafuta - peturu. Kana injini iri kushanda, kudzvanywa kwakashata kunogadzirwa nehose yakaonda inotambanudza kubva painjini inopinza. Nekuda kwevacuum, chikamu chemhepo yekupinda inopfuura kubva mumudziyo wekusveta kuburikidza neyakagadzirwa kabhoni mudziyo. Mahydrocarbon akachengetwa anosvetwa kunze, uye mafuta anoyamwa-mu-liquefied anodzoserwa mutangi kuburikidza nevharuvhu yekuvandudza. Basa racho, zvechokwadi, rinotungamirirwa nechikwata chekutonga.