Toyota

Zviri mukati MuvambiEmblemNhoroondo yemhando yemotokari mumamodeli Muna 1924, muvambi Sakichi Toyoda akagadzira Toyoda Model G brake machine. Musimboti wekushanda waiva wekuti kana muchina wacho wakanga usingachashandi, waizvimisa woga. Mune ramangwana, Toyota yakashandisa chigadzirwa ichi. Muna 1929, kambani yeChirungu yakatenga patent yemuchina. Mari yese yakaiswa mukugadzira mota dzavo. Muvambi Gare gare, muna 1929, mwanakomana waSakita akatanga kuenda kuEurope uye gare gare kuUSA kuti anzwisise misimboti yekuvaka mota. Muna 1933 kambani yakashandurwa kuita kugadzirwa kwemotokari. Vakuru vehurumende yeJapan, vadzidza nezvekugadzirwa kwakadaro, vakatangawo kuisa mari mukusimudzira indasitiri iyi. Iyo kambani yakaburitsa injini yayo yekutanga muna 1934, uye yakashandiswa kumota dzekirasi A1, uye gare gare marori. Ekutanga mota mhando dzakagadzirwa kubva 1936. Kubva 1937, Toyota yave yakasununguka zvachose uye inogona kusarudza nzira yekusimudzira pachayo. Zita rekambani nemotokari dzavo raiva mukukudza vasiki uye rinonzwika seToyoda. Nyanzvi dzekutengesa dzakakurudzira kuchinja zita kuti Toyota. Saka zita remotokari rinorangarirwa zviri nani. Apo Hondo Yenyika II yakatanga, Toyota, kufanana nemamwe makambani ezvemichina, akatanga kushingaira kubatsira Japan. Sezvineiwo, kambani yakatanga kugadzira marori chaiwo. Nekuda kwekuti makambani akange asina zvinhu zvakakwana zvekugadzira michina mizhinji, shanduro dzakareruka dzemotokari dzakagadzirwa. Asi kunaka kwemagungano aya hakuna kubva pane izvi. Asi pakupera kwehondo muna 1944, panguva yekubhomba kweAmerica, kwaiva nemabhizimisi uye mafekitari akaparadzwa. Gare gare, indasitiri yose yakavakwazve. Mushure mekupera kwehondo vakatanga kugadzira mota dzevafambi. Kudiwa kwemotokari dzakadaro munguva yepashure pehondo kwaive kwakakura kwazvo, uye kambani yakagadzira bhizinesi rakasiyana rekugadzirwa kwemhando idzi. Mota dzevatasvi ve "SA" modhi dzakagadzirwa munyama kusvika 1982. Pasi pehodhi paive nechina-cylinder injini. Muviri wakanga wakagadzirwa nesimbi. Mechanical gearboxes akaiswa mumagiya matatu. 1949 inoonekwa seisina kubudirira zvakanyanya kukambani. Gore rino pakange paine dambudziko remari mubhizinesi, uye vashandi havana kukwanisa kuwana mihoro yakagadzikana. Kuramwa mabasa kukuru kwakatanga. Hurumende yeJapan yakabatsira zvakare uye matambudziko akagadziriswa. Muna 1952, muvambi uye mukuru mukuru wekambani, Kiichiro Toyoda, akafa. Iyo nzira yekusimudzira yakabva yachinja uye shanduko mukutungamira kwekambani yakaonekwa. Vagari venhaka Kiichiro Toyoda vakatanga kushandira pamwe zvakare nemauto chimiro uye akapa motokari itsva. Yaiva SUV hombe. Inogona kutengwa nevanhuwo zvavo uye nemauto. Iyo mota yakagadzirwa kwemakore maviri uye muna 1954 yekutanga SUV kubva kuJapan yakaburitswa kubva kune vanotakura. Yainzi Land Cruiser. Uyu muenzaniso wakafarirwa kwete chete nevagari veJapan, asiwo nedzimwe nyika. Kwemakore 60 akatevera, yakapiwa kumauto edzimwe nyika. Munguva yekunatswa kweiyo modhi uye nekunatsiridza kwekuita kwayo kwekutyaira, modhi yemavhiri ese akagadzirwa. Ichi chitsva chakaiswawo pamotokari dzenguva yemberi kusvika 1990. Nekuti anenge munhu wese aida kuti ave nekubata kwakanaka uye kugona kuyambuka-nyika kwemota pamativi akasiyana emugwagwa. Emblem Mucherechedzo uyu wakagadzirwa muna 1987. Pazasi pane maovha matatu. Iwo maviri perpendicular ovals ari pakati anoratidza hukama pakati pekambani nemutengi. Imwe inomirira tsamba yekutanga yekambani. Kune zvakare vhezheni iyo Toyota chiratidzo chinomiririra tsono neshinda, ndangariro yekuruka kwekambani yapfuura. Nhoroondo yemhando yemotokari mumhando Kambani haina kumira uye yakaedza kuburitsa akawanda uye akawanda emota mota. Saka muna 1956 akaberekwa Toyota Crown. Yakanga yakashongedzerwa injini ine huwandu hwe1.5 litita. Pakurasa kwemutyairi kwaive nemauto makumi matanhatu uye kutumira kwemaoko. Kubudiswa kwemuenzaniso uyu kwakabudirira zvikuru, uye dzimwe nyika dzaidawo motokari iyi. Asi akawanda ekutakura aive muUSA. Iye zvino yave nguva yemotokari inodhura yekirasi yepakati. Iyo kambani yakaburitsa Toyota Publica. Nekuda kwemutengo wakaderera uye kuvimbika kwakanaka, mota dzakatanga kutengeswa nekubudirira kusati kwamboitika. Uye kusvika 1962, nhamba yemotokari dzakatengeswa yakanga inopfuura miriyoni imwe. Vatungamiri veToyota vaive netarisiro huru kumotokari dzavo, kureva kuti vaida kushambadza mota dzavo kunze kwenyika. Kambani yevatengesi "Toyopet" yakasimbiswa, iyo yaiita kutengeswa kwemotokari kune dzimwe nyika. Imwe yemotokari dzekutanga dzakadai yaive Toyota Crown. Nyika dzakawanda dzakafarira motokari, uye Toyota yakatanga kuwedzera. Uye kare muna 1963, motokari yekutanga yakagadzirwa kunze kweJapan yakabuda kunze kwekugadzirwa muAustralia. Inotevera modhi itsva yaive Toyota Corolla. Mota iyi yaive nemavhiri ekumashure, injini ye1.1 litres negearbox rimwe chete. Nekuda kwehudhumo hwayo, mota iyi yaida mafuta mashoma. Motokari iyi yakagadzirwa panguva iyo nyika yakanga yave munjodzi nekuda kwekushaya mafuta. Pakarepo mushure mekuburitswa kwemuenzaniso uyu, imwe modhi inonzi Celica inoburitswa. MuUnited States neCanada, idzi motokari dzakapararira nokukurumidza zvikuru. Chikonzero cheizvi chaive saizi diki yeinjini, sezvo mota dzese dzeAmerica dzaive nemafuta akanyanya. Munguva yekutambudzika, chinhu ichi chaiva panzvimbo yekutanga pakusarudza kutenga motokari. Mabhizinesi mashanu ekugadzira iyi Toyota modhi ari kuvhurwa muUnited States. Iyo kambani yaida kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza uye kufambira mberi uye kuburitsa Toyota Camry. Yakanga iri motokari yekirasi yebhizimisi yehuwandu hweAmerica. Imo mukati maive nedehwe chose, dhizaini remota raive nedhizaini nyowani, giya bhokisi remagiya anomhanyisa mana nemainjini 1.5 litre. Asi kuedza uku kwakanga kusina kukwana kukwikwidzana nemotokari dzekirasi imwe chete, iyo Dodge uye Cadillac. Iyo kambani yakaisa 80 muzana yemari yayo mukuvandudza kwayo Kemry modhi. Kupfuurirazve muna 1988, chizvarwa chechipiri chinobuda kuna Mambo. Aya mamodheru akatengeswa zvakanaka muEurope. Uye kare muna 1989, mbiri dzekugadzira motokari dzakavhurwa muSpain. Iyo kambani zvakare haina kukanganwa nezve SUV yayo uye kusvika pakupera kwa1890 yakaburitsa chizvarwa chitsva cheLand Cruiser. Mushure medambudziko rayo diki rakakonzerwa nemupiro weinenge mari yese kukirasi yebhizinesi, mushure mekuongorora kukanganisa kwayo, kambani inogadzira iyo Lexus brand. Nekuda kwekambani iyi, Toyota yakawana mukana wekurova musika weAmerica. Ivo zvakare vakave vakakurumbira mienzaniso ikoko kwechinguva. Zvigadzirwa zvakadai seInfiniti neAcura zvakaonekwawo pamusika panguva iyoyo. Uye yaive nemafemu aya Toyota yakakwikwidza panguva iyoyo. Nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo kwakanatswa uye mhando yakanaka, kutengesa kwakawedzera ne40 muzana. Gare gare, mukutanga kwema1990, Toyota Design yakagadzirwa kuti ivandudze magadzirirwo emotokari yavo, uye yaive yepamba. Rav 4 yakatanga nzira itsva yeToyota. Miitiro yose mitsva yemakore iwayo yakanga yakabatanidzwa imomo. Simba remotokari raive 135 kana 178 mauto. Mutengesi akapawo miviri midiki yakasiyana siyana. Zvakare mune iyi modhi yeToyota kwaive kugona kushandura magiya otomatiki. Asi yekare manyorero kutapurirana yaiwanikwawo mune mamwe trim nhanho. Nenguva isipi, motokari itsva yeToyota yakagadzirwa nokuda kwevanhu veUnited States. Yaiva kombi. Kusvika pakupera kwa2000, kambani yakafunga kugadzirisa kune ese azvino mamodheru. Sedan Avensis neToyota Land Cruiser imota nyowani dzeToyota. Pakutanga kwaiva injini yepetroli ine simba re 110-128 masimba uye vhoriyamu ye 1.8 uye 2.0 litita, maererano. Land Cruiser yakapa maviri trim mazinga. Yokutanga injini ye215-cylinder, ine simba re 4,5 masimba, inosvika XNUMX litita. Yechipiri injini ye4,7-litre inokwanisa kuita 230 uye pakanga patova nemasirinda masere. Kuti yekutanga, iyo yechipiri modhi yaive nemavhiri ese uye furemu. Mune ramangwana, makambani akatanga kuvaka motokari dzavo dzose kubva pachikuva chimwe chete. Izvi zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kusarudza zvikamu, kuderedza mari yekugadzirisa, uye kuwedzera kuvimbika. Ese makambani emotokari haana kumira, uye mumwe nemumwe akaedza neimwe nzira kukudziridza uye kufambisa mhando yayo. Zvino, sezvazvino, Formula 1 racing yaive yakakurumbira. Pamijaho yakadai, nekuda kwekukunda uye kungotora chikamu, zvaive nyore kuita mukurumbira brand yako. Toyota yakatanga kugadzira nekuvaka motokari yayo. Asi nekuda kwekuti kare kambani iyi yakanga isina ruzivo rwekugadzira motokari dzakadai, kuvaka kwakanonoka. Chete muna 2002, kambani yakakwanisa kuratidza motokari yayo pamijaho. Kupinda kwekutanga mumakwikwi hakuna kuunza kubudirira kwaidiwa kuchikwata. Zvakasarudzwa kugadzirisa zvachose timu yese uye kugadzira mota nyowani. Vamhanyi vane mukurumbira Jarno Trulli naRalf Schumacher vakakokwa kuchikwata ichi. Uye nyanzvi dzeGermany dzakabhadharwa kuti dzibatsire kugadzira motokari. Kufambira mberi kwakakurumidza kuoneka, asi kukunda mune dzinenge rimwe renhangemutange kwaisagona kuwanwa. Asi zvakakosha kucherechedza zvakanaka zvaive muchikwata. Muna 2007, motokari dzeToyota dzakaonekwa sedzinonyanya kuwanikwa pamusika. Panguva iyoyo, migove yekambani iyi yakakwira zvisina kumboitika kare. Toyota yaive pamiromo yemunhu wese. Asi zano rekuvandudza muFormula 1 harina kushanda. Nheyo yechikwata ichi yakatengeswa kuLexus. Nzira yekuedza nayo yakatengeswa kwavari. Kwemakore mana anotevera, kambani inoburitsa nyowani nyowani kumutsara. Asi iyo yakanyanya kunaka yaive yekuvandudza yemhando yeLand Cruiser. Iyo Land Cruiser 200 yave kuwanikwa. Mota iyi iri pachinyorwa chemota dzakanakisa dzenguva dzese. Kwemakore maviri akatevedzana, Land Cruiser 200 ndiyo yaive mota yaitengeswa zvakanyanya mukirasi yayo muUnited States of America, Russia, neEurope. Muna 2010, kambani yakatanga kugadzira injini dzakasanganiswa. Toyota inoonekwa seimwe yekutanga franchise kushanda neiyi tekinoroji. Uye maererano nenhau dzekambani, panosvika 2026 vanoda kushandura zvachose mamodheru avo kumainjini ehybrid. Iyi tekinoroji ichabatsira kusiya zvachose kushandiswa kwepeturu sehuni. Kubva 2012, Toyota yakatanga kuvaka mafekitari ayo muChina. Nekuda kweizvi, ne2018 huwandu hwemotokari dzakagadzirwa hwakapetwa kaviri. Vazhinji vagadziri vemamwe mabhureki vakatanga kutenga yekumisikidza yakasanganiswa kubva kuToyota uye kuisuma mumamodhi avo matsva. Toyota zvakare yaive nemotokari dzemitambo dzinodhonza kumashure. Imwe yeiyi yaive Toyota GT86. Senguva dzose, zvinhu zvose zvakanga zvakanaka. Injini yakapihwa zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hutsva neturbine, vhoriyamu yaive 2.0 malita, simba remota iyi raive 210 mauto. Muna 2014, Rav4 yakagamuchira kukwidziridzwa kutsva nemotokari yemagetsi. Pachaji yebhatiri imwe chete, zvaikwanisika kutyaira kusvika makiromita 390. Asi nhamba iyi inogona kuchinja zvichienderana nekutyaira kwemutyairi. Imwe yemhando dzakanaka inofanirwawo kuratidza iyo Toyota Yaris Hybrid. Iyi i-front-wheel drive hatchback ine injini inokwana 1.5 litita uye simba re75 horsepower. Iyo musimboti wekushanda kweinjini yakasanganiswa ndeyekuti isu tine injini yekupisa yemukati yakaiswa uye mota yemagetsi. Uye mota yemagetsi inotanga kushanda papeturu. Nokudaro, isu tinopa isu yakaderera kushandiswa kwemafuta uye kuderedza huwandu hwemagasi emhepo mumhepo.  PaGeneva Motor Show muna 2015, shanduro yakadzokororwa yeToyota Auris Touring Sports Hybrid yakatora nzvimbo yekutanga muchikamu chengoro ine mari yakawanda mukirasi yayo. Inobva pa 1.5-litre peturu injini ine simba re 120 horsepower. Uye injini pachayo inoshanda paAtkinson tekinoroji. Maererano nemugadziri, iyo shoma inoshandiswa pamakiromita zana ndeye 3.5 malita. Zvidzidzo zvakaitwa mumamiriro erabhoritari mukutevedzera zvese zvinonyanya kunaka zvinhu.