Rima photon. Kutsvaga zvisingaonekwi

A photon chinhu chekutanga chinosanganiswa nechiedza. Zvisinei, kweanenge makore gumi, mamwe masayendisiti aidavira kuti pane yavanoti photon yakasviba kana kuti yakasviba. Kumunhuwo zvake, magadzirirwo akadaro anoita seanopokana pachawo. Kune mafizikisi, izvi zvinonzwisisika, nokuti, mumaonero avo, zvinotungamirira pakuzarura chakavanzika chechinhu chakasviba.

Ongororo nyowani dze data kubva kune accelerator kuyedza, kunyanya mhedzisiro BaBar detectorndiratidze kupi rima photon haina kuvanzwa, i.e. haisanganisire nzvimbo kwayakange isina kuwanikwa. Chiyedzo cheBaBar, chakatanga muna 1999 kusvika 2008 paSLAC (Stanford Linear Accelerator Center) muMenlo Park, California, chakaunganidza data kubva kudhumhana kwemaerekitironi nemapositroni, positively charged electron antiparticles. Chikamu chikuru chekuedza, chinonzi PKP-II, yakaitwa pamwe chete neSLAC, Berkeley Lab, uye Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Vanopfuura mazana matanhatu nemakumi matatu enyanzvi dzefizikisi kubva kunyika gumi nenhatu vakabatana paBaBar pakakwirira.

Ongororo yazvino yakashandisa 10% yedata reBaBar rakanyorwa mumakore maviri ekupedzisira ekushanda. Tsvagiridzo yakanangana nekutsvaga zvimedu zvisina kubatanidzwa muiyo Standard Model yefizikisi. Iyo mhedzisiro yeraiti inoratidza nzvimbo yekutsvaga (yegirinhi) yakaongororwa muBaBar data kuongororwa uko pasina rima mafotoni akawanikwa. Girafu inoratidzawo nzvimbo dzekutsvaga kune zvimwe zviedzo. Bhawa dzvuku rinoratidza nzvimbo yekutarisa kana rima mafotoni anokonzera zvinodaidzwa g-2 kusagadzikanauye minda michena yakaramba isina kuongororwa nekuda kwekuvapo kwemafotoni akasviba. Chati inofungawo kuedza NA64yakagadzirwa kuCERN.

Mufananidzo. Maximilian Bris/CERN

Senge yakajairika photon, yakasviba photon inoendesa magetsi emagetsi pakati perima zvinhu zvimedu. Inogonawo kuratidza hukama husina simba nechinhuwo zvacho, zvichireva kuti mafotoni akasviba anogona kugadzirwa mukudhumhana kwesimba guru. Tsvakiridzo dzakapfuura dzakatadza kuwana zvisaririra zvayo, asi mafotoni akasviba kazhinji anofungidzirwa kuti anoora kuita maerekitironi kana zvimwe zvidimbu zvinooneka.

Pachidzidzo chitsva paBaBar, chiitiko chakatariswa umo fotoni nhema inoumbwa seyakajairwa fotoni mukudhumhana kweelectron-positron, yobva yaora kuita zvimedu zvakasviba zvezvinhu zvisingaonekwe kune detector. Muchiitiko ichi, chikamu chimwe chete chinogona kuonekwa - pikicha yakajairwa inotakura huwandu hwesimba. Saka timu yakatsvaga zviitiko zvesimba zvaienderana nehuwandu hwerima photon. Haana kuwana kurova kwakadaro pa8 GeV masasi.

Yuri Kolomensky, nyanzvi yefizikisi yenyukireya paBerkeley Lab uye nhengo yeDhipatimendi reFizikisi paYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Berkeley, akataura mukuburitswa kwenhau kuti "kusayina kwefotoni yakasviba mu detector kuchave kwakapusa senge simba photon uye hapana chimwe chiitiko." Fotoni imwe chete inobudiswa nechikamu chedanda yaizoratidza kuti maerekitironi adhumhana nepositron uye kuti rima risingaoneki photon rakanga raora kuita zvidimbu rima zvezvinhu, zvisingaoneki kumudziyo, zvichizviratidza mukushayikwa kweimwe simba rinoperekedza.

Iyo yakasviba photon inorongedzerwawo kutsanangura mutsauko pakati pezvakacherechedzwa zvimiro zvemuon spin uye kukosha kwakafanotaurwa neiyo Standard Model. Chinangwa ndechekuyera chivakwa ichi nekunyatsozivikanwa kunozivikanwa. muon experiment g-2yakaitwa paFermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Sezvakataurwa naKolomensky, ongororo ichangoburwa yezvakabuda muyedzo yeBaBar zvakanyanya "inobvisa mukana wekutsanangura g-2 inomaly maererano nerima mafotoni, asi zvakare zvinoreva kuti chimwe chinhu chiri kutyaira g-2 anomaly."

Iyo yakasviba photon yakatanga kutaurwa muna 2008 naLottie Ackerman, Matthew R. Buckley, Sean M. Carroll naMark Kamionkowski kuti vatsanangure "g-2 anomaly" mukuedza kweE821 kuBrookhaven National Laboratory.

rima portal

Iyo yambotaurwa CERN kuyedza inonzi NA64, yakaitwa mumakore achangopfuura, yakatadzawo kuona chiitiko chinoperekedza mafotoni akasviba. Sezvakataurwa mune imwe nyaya mu "Physical Ongorora Tsamba", mushure mekuongorora data, mafizikisi kubva kuGeneva haana kuwana mafotoni akasviba ane masasi kubva ku10 GeV kusvika 70 GeV.

Nekudaro, achitaura nezve izvi zvabuda, James Beecham wekuyedza kweATLAS akataura tariro yake yekuti kutadza kwekutanga kuchakurudzira zvikwata zvinokwikwidza zveATLAS neCMS kuti zvirambe zvakatarisa.

Beecham akataura muPhysical Ongororo Tsamba. -

Kuedza kwakafanana neBaBar kuJapan kunonzi Bell IIiyo inotarisirwa kupa ruzivo rwakapetwa kazana kupfuura BaBar.

Zvinoenderana nefungidziro yevasayendisiti kubva kuInstitute of Basic Sayenzi muSouth Korea, chakavanzika chinotyisa chehukama pakati pechinhu chakajairika nerima chinogona kutsanangurwa uchishandisa portal modhi inozivikanwa se "rima axion portal ». Iyo yakavakirwa pamaviri ekufungidzira erima chikamu chezvikamu, iyo axion uye yakasviba photon. Iyo portal, sekureva kunoita zita, shanduko pakati pechinhu chakasviba nefizikisi isingazivikanwe uye zvatinoziva nekunzwisisa. Kubatanidza nyika mbiri idzi ifotoni yakasviba iri kune rimwe divi, asi nyanzvi dzefizikisi dzinoti inogona kuwonekwa nezviridzwa zvedu.

Vhidhiyo nezve iyo NA64 kuyedza:

Kuvhima isinganzwisisike yakasviba photon: iyo NA64 kuyedza