Injini inogogodza, zvekuita uye maitiro ekuziva chikonzero?
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Injini inogogodza, zvekuita uye maitiro ekuziva chikonzero?

Panguva yekushanda, injini yemotokari inoda kupindirwa kwenguva nenguva nenzira yekuchengetedza, pamwe nekugadzirisa kwakarongwa uye kusati kwarongwa. Pamwe pamwe nerunyorwa rukuru rwematambudziko, injini "dzinogogodza" dzakatanga kuoneka kakawanda, kunyangwe pasina nguva yekuita mileage yakatarwa.

Saka, nei injini inotanga kugogodza, sei kuwana uye kugadzirisa dambudziko rekunze kwekurira - verenga mberi.

Injini inogogodza diagnostics

Injini inogogodza, zvekuita uye maitiro ekuziva chikonzero?

Chikamu chakanyanya uye chakaoma chisati chagadziriswa ndechekuita kuongororwa kwakakodzera. Injini yekupisa mukati inhengo yakaoma umo mune huwandu hwezvikamu zvekukwesha, pamwe chete nemagadzirirwo ane kutenderera uye kutenderera-kushandura-shanduro. Zvichienderana neizvi, kuongororwa kwekugogodza mujini kunowedzera kuoma, zvisinei, nerubatsiro rwezvishandiso zvakakosha zvinogoneka, kana zvisiri izvo chaizvo, zvino kusvika pakuziva kwainobva ruzha rwekunze.

Injini yekuongorora inzwi inofanirwa kuitiswa maererano nematanho matatu:

  1. Ndeupi rudzi rweruzha: episodic, isingawanzo kana kugara - kutsamira kunoitika pachiyero chekushanda kana kupfeka kwemaitiro ega.
  2. Chii chinonzi huturu hweizwi. Ino inguva yakakosha uye yakaoma kuti uone iko kurira kwezwi riri kuburitswa. Chete nyanzvi ine ruzivo inonzwisisa kuti mutete uye unonzwika kurira pane akasiyana mainjini zvinogona kureva kusashanda zvakanaka, uko kuri mukupfeka kweiyo crankshaft inobereka. Zvichienderana nemagadzirirwo enjini yemoto yemukati, rakasiyana ruzha hunhu rinogona kureva kusashanda kumwe chete.
  3. Localization. Kuti uone nzvimbo, stethoscope inoshandiswa, iyo inotungamira tenzi kunzvimbo inofungidzirwa yezwi rinoburitswa.

Zvikonzero zvekugogodza injini yemukati yemoto

Panogona kuve nezvikonzero zvakawanda nei kushanda kweinjini kuchiperekedzwa - kubva kune yakanyanya kunaka, muchimiro chekuchinja kwemafuta kusingatarisike, kusvika pakupfuura waranti mota sosi yemagetsi unit. Funga nezvese zvingasarudzwa zvinogona kuitika kugogodza, clatter, rattle uye mamwe ekunze einjini, pamwe nekuongorora nzira.

Pakarepo, tisati taona zvinogona kukonzeresa, ngatitendeukire kuchidzidzo cheICE dhizaini. 

Iyo pisitoni mota ine akakosha magungano uye ruzivo:

  • cylinder-piston boka - basa rinogara riripo rinoitika pano, rinoperekedza 4 mitsetse (kunwa, kumanikidza, sitiroko uye kupera simba);
  • crank mechanism ndeye crankshaft ine tsvimbo dzinobatanidza uye flywheel. Iyi nzira inosundira pistons, uye kubva kwavari inogamuchira magetsi emagetsi, ayo anoendeswa kune flywheel;
  • gasi kugovera michina - ine camshaft ine nyeredzi uye giya, pamwe neiyo valve mechanism. Iyo camshaft inowiriraniswa neiyo crankshaft kuburikidza nebhandi, cheni kana giya, makamera, kuburikidza neruwoko ruoko kana hydraulic compensator, inodzvanya pamavharuvhu ekutora uye ekupera, kuburikidza nekupinda kwemafuta nemhepo uye kubuda gasi.

Zvese zvepamusoro zvirevo zviri mukufamba kwenguva, zvinoreva kuti iwo anogona kuita masosi emarudzi ese eruzha rusina basa. 

Injini inogogodza, zvekuita uye maitiro ekuziva chikonzero?

Sei kuteerera injini kugogodza?

Nyanzvi dzinoshandisa stethoscope kuona mhando yeruzha rwekunze uye nharaunda yarwo. Nekuteerera-wega, unogona kugadzira mudziyo iwe pachako, asi nguva inoshandiswa ichaenderana chaizvo nemutengo wekuongorora mumotokari yebasa kana kutenga stethoscope yebhajeti. Nenzira, mamwe maitirwo ebasa ane emagetsi stethoscopes aripo, ayo anoratidza 99.9% yenzvimbo chaiyo yezvakatangira ruzha.

Kutaura nezve tonality, mumota diki uye V-yakaita "sere", ruzha rwekutanga rwekupfeka kwemabheyari makuru ichave yakajeka, kusiyana neyechipiri. Kazhinji dhizaini yezvigadzirwa zvemukati wemagetsi injini ndizvo zvikonzero zvemarudzi ese eruzha rusina basa.

Iyo yekugogodza inoburitswa kubva mumota inogona kuve yenguva dzose, yepakati uye episodic. Semutemo, kugogodza kunosanganisirwa nekuchinja kweye crankshaft, uye nekukurumidza iyo kutenderera, iko kukanyanya kugogodza.

Ruzha runogona kuchinja zvichienderana nedanho remutoro painjini, semuenzaniso, pakuita zvisina basa, kurova zvishoma, uye pakufamba, kumhanya kwe30 km / h uye kuiswa kwegiya rechishanu, mutoro uri painjini wakasimba, zvichiteerana, kugogodza kunogona kuoneka zvakajeka. Izvo zvinoitikawo kuti kugogodza kwakasimba kunonzwika painjini inotonhora, uye painosvika pakushanda kwekushanda, inonyangarika.

Injini inogogodza, zvekuita uye maitiro ekuziva chikonzero?

Injini ichigogodza pasina

Ichi chinoshamisa chinoitika chete musina basa, uye kana revs ichiwedzera, zvekunze kurira kunonyangarika. Iko hakuna chikonzero chekushushikana kwakakomba, asi dambudziko harigone kudzivirirwa. Nezve zvikonzero:

  • chimwe chinhu chinobata crankshaft pulley nepombi;
  • isina kunyatsogadziriswa injini inodzivirira kana kesi yenguva;
  • pamota ine giya-rudzi-nguva yekumisikidza bhandi kune mutambo wekutamba;
  •  kusunungura iyo crankshaft pulley bhaudhi.
Injini inogogodza, zvekuita uye maitiro ekuziva chikonzero?

Kana mapiston akagogodza

Panguva yekushanda, clearance pakati peiyo humburumbira nepisitoni inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Mugadziri akaderedza zviyero zvakatemwa zvechibvumirano chakajairwa, chakapfuura icho chinotungamira kwete kungogogodza chete, asiwo kumafuta, kuderera kwesimba uye kuwedzera kwemafuta

Kana zvigunwe zvepiston zvikagogodza

Kugogodza kweminwe yepiston kuri kurira uye kuombera. Izwi rinogona kunzwika zvakajeka neyakajeka seti yekumisikidza ye crankshaft kana kuburitsa kwakapinza kwe "gasi". Izvo zvinoitika zvinoitika apo mukaha unowedzerwa neanopfuura 0,1 mm. Kuti uwane kuongororwa, unofanirwa kusunungura plug plug uye kudzosera injini. 

Kazhinji, kurira kweminwe kunoperekedzwa nekudzikisira, pamwe nekufamba pakumhanya kwakadzika mumadhiya epamusoro (sezvavanoda kuchovha painjini dzedhiziri). 

Kugogodza crankshaft mabheyaringi

Iko kusakara kwemachira kunoperekedzwa neruzha ruzha rwusingashanduke mune dzese nzira dzekushandisa dzemukati moto injini. Panguva imwecheteyo, kumanikidza kwemafuta kunodonha, iyo "yakarasika" pakati pekuwedzera clearance pakati pe liner uye crankshaft magazini.

Kana iyo mileage yeinjini isinga tsigire kupfeka kwemachira, zvinokurudzirwa kutsiva iyo oiri yeinjini neyakafuta neinodiwa yekuwedzera package, wobva wateerera kuinjini. Izvi zvinobatsira mune dzakawanda zviitiko. 

Kugogodza matanda ekubatanidza

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kupfeka mune yekubatanidza tsvimbo bushings kunoperekedzwa nekugogodza kwakasimba, uye chete kutsiva iyo bushings neyekutanga kuremara kwe crankshaft kunobatsira pano.

Kana isu tichiregeredza kugadzirisa kwakakodzera nguva, ndiko kuti, sarudzo yekudzivirira iyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo magazini, uye uku kukuvara kune crankshaft, kuputsika kwepallet, uye pamwe kutadza kwese humburumbira.

Nenzira, kana dambudziko raive risiri mumubatanidzwa wedanda mabheyari, zvino rinomira pakukwana kwemafuta kusakwana, kunoenderana nezvinhu zviviri: mafuta emvura uye kupfeka kwemafuta epombi mafuta.

Injini inogogodza, zvekuita uye maitiro ekuziva chikonzero?

Mheremhere mumagetsi ekuparadzira gasi

Chiitiko chinowanzoitika ndechekunze kweruzha runobva panguva. Diagnostics inoitwa kana chivharo chevhavha chikabviswa, rocker (rocker arm) kana hydraulic lifters inotariswa zvakanyatsonaka, iyo valve clearance inotariswa, uye mamiriro emacamshaft cams anodzidzwa.

Nhanho yekutanga ndeyekuseta mabhaidhi evharuvhu, mushure meizvozvo mota inoongororwa mamhere ekunze. Kana mota iine zvigadziriso, zvinogezwa, kuongororwa kushanda, uye mushure mekuisirwa, oiri inochinjwa. Kana iyo "gidrics" iri mune zvakanaka, nguva yacho inoshanda nemazvo. 

Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zvikonzero zvinogona kunge zviri mune zvinotevera:

  • kupfeka kwekamhaft cam;
  • kuwedzera kuchenesa pakati pe pusher ne cam;
  • kupfeka kwekuguma kwevhavha yenguva;
  • kupfeka kwema washer ekugadzirisa.

Dambudziko rekugogodza uye mheremhere munharaunda yenguva inofanira kubhadharwa pakarepo, kana zvisina kudaro kune ngozi yepiston inorova valve, kana zvakasiyana-siyana - valve inosungirirwa uye kudzvinyirira mumadonhwe ehumburumbira.

Inonyanya kuzivikanwa "kugogodza" mota

Imwe yemainjini anozivikanwa ndeye 1.6-litre CFNA unit, iyo yakaiswa pamotokari dzeiyo VAG hanya. Iyo ketani mota ine 16 mavhavha uye chikamu shifter mashandiro.

Dambudziko guru nderekuti iyo "inotonhorera" mapistoni anogogodza kudzamara tembiricha yekushanda yasvika. Mugadziri akaziva ichi sechigadzirwa dhizaini-pisitoni boka. 

Renault's DCi diesel engine akateedzana inozivikanwa neisina simba crank mashini. Nekuda kweizvi, kupisa zvakanyanya, kuwanda uye kusachinja oiri shanduko inotungamira kune chokwadi kuti isati yasvika 100 km, injini ichakundikana.

Injini isina kusimba mumutsara yaive 1,5 litre K9K dhiziri. Vamwe vanozviti kuedza, nekuti "zvinotambura" kubva pakushandura machira atova zviuru zana nemakumi mashanu emakiromita.  

Injini inogogodza, zvekuita uye maitiro ekuziva chikonzero?

Injini Kugadzirisa Matipi

Kugadziridzwa kweinjini kunosanganisira kutsiva kweakakosha enjini zvinhu: mapistoni ane mhete, liners uye yakazara cylinder musoro yekugadzirisa pamwe nekugona kutsiviwa kwemavheji evhavha uye kucheka zvigaro. Matipi epamusoro:

  • gara uchitarisa masirinda esirinda block kuti awane ellipse;
  • sarudza mapistoni nemhete zvemhando yepamusoro, nekuti izvi zvinokwana anopfuura makiromita zviuru mazana maviri;
  • saizi yemaraini inofanirwa kusarudzwa mushure mekuyera nenzira kwayo magweta ecrankshaft, mabhaudhi emabhaudhi etsvimbo anofanirwa kuongororwa
  • mota gungano rinofanirwa kuperekedzwa nekushandiswa kweyakaunganidzwa gungano kana girizi yenzvimbo dzekuzora kusabvisa "yakaoma" kutanga;
  • shandisa chete oiri inosangana nemiraira nezvinodiwa zvemugadziri wemotokari.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Nzira yekunzwisisa sei kugogodza painjini? Pistons, piston piston, mavharuvhu, hydraulic lifters, crankshaft kana zvikamu zveboka repiston zvinogona kugogodza painjini. Pistons anogona kugogodza pane inotonhora. Pakusina basa, zunza kesi yenguva, jenareta pulley kana pombi.

Ndinogona kutyaira mota kana injini ikagogodza? Chero zvazvingava, kugogodza pamotokari hakusi kwechisikigo, saka unoda kuongorora chikonzero. Muchiitiko ichi, injini inofanira kudziyirwa isati yatyaira.

Chii chiri kugogodza painjini inotonhora? Yakakura clearance pakati pepiston uye cylinder wall. Aluminium pistons inowedzera zvakasimba kana ichipisa, saka kugogodza muinjini yekupisa kwemukati yakadaro inonyangarika mushure mekudziya.

3 comments

  • Md. Lalon

    Kugogodza zvakanyanya muchando uyezve mushure mechinguva inodzika uye negiya
    Chii chikonzero nei injini isingawane simba kana iyo accelerator inopiwa

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