Zvinoda marii kuti tibatidze masikati?
Kwerinopfuura gore ikozvino, chirevo ichi chakaratidza kuti tinogona kupenya zuva rese, gore rese. Ndicho chikonzero nei ndichiwanzosangana nemubvunzo wekuti izvi zvinowedzera sei kushandiswa kwemafuta, kwete kuverenga, hongu, iyo inowanzo gadziriso yemagetsi emagetsi (kuburitsa marambi), ayo anogara achibatidza uye kudzima kwechiedza kunounza. Saka ngatingoedzei kuverenga kuti zvakadii izvi zvekusimudzira kuchengetedza zvinodhura chikwama chedu.
Kukarukureta kwakavakirwa pachokwadi chekuti simba haribve pachinhu. Kuti tibatidze mababu mumarambi ekunakidzwa nemapurisa emigwagwa, tinofanirwa kugadzira simba ratiri kuda. Sezvo sosi chete yesimba mumotokari iri injini yemoto yemukati pachayo, zvine musoro kuti simba rinobva ipapo. Uchishandisa mIyo rotor inotenderera iyo rotor yejenareta (yemota dzekare, semuenzaniso Škoda 1000 dynamo), iyo inowanzo kupa simba kune yemagetsi system uye zvakare inobhadharisa bhatiri, iro rinoshanda kwete kwete chete semagetsi, asi zvakare sekudzikamisa. Kana tikabatidza chero chinhu mumota, kuramba kwejenereta ichitenderera kunowedzera. Tinogona kucherechedza chokwadi ichi pamotokari yakura iyo isati iine idle yekumhanyisa kutonga. Kana tikabatidza windows yekumashure inopisa uye redhiyo, pamwe neiyo fan panguva imwechete, tsono yetachometer inodonha zvishoma, nekuti injini inofanirwa kukunda mutoro wakawanda. Izvi zvinoitikawo tikangobatidza mwenje.
Asi kudzokera masikati. Naizvozvo, kana isu tisingadi kuisa pangozi faindi, tendeuka switch inoenderana uye batidza anotevera mababu (ini ndichatora Škoda Fabia 1,2 HTP ine tsvuku P Naizvozvo, nesimba (47 kW):
2 mwenje (kazhinji H4 halogen) kumberi (2 x 60 W)
2 mwenje mumashure mwenje mwenje (2 x 10 W)
2 kumberi kwerutivi chiratidzo chemarambi (2 x 5 W)
2 kumashure rezinesi ndiro marambi (2 x 5 W)
akati wandei emadhodhi emagetsi uye akasiyana siyana masimba (akayera simba kusvika ku40 W)
Zvese zvaunoda pane imwe nzvimbo kuti uwane mazana maviri emagetsi.
Injini yambotaurwa Fabia inovandudza simba re47 kW pa5.400 rpm. Nekudaro, kana mota iri pamoto, simba rayo rakakura i46,8 kW. Nekudaro, chokwadi chiripo ndechekuti isu taisawanzo kumhanyisa mota pasimba rakakura, asi muchikoro chekutyaira takadzidziswa kutyaira nepamusoro torque patinenge tiine zano shoma uye isu tine yakaderera peturu yekushandisa. Iyo yekumhanyisa uye torque hunhu hwekumhanyisa haina kuenzana uye imwe neimwe ine yakakwira pazvikamu zvakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, pakumhanya kwakaderera, mota yemagetsi inongori 15 kW, uye mutoro wakatarwa we0,2 kW ndi1,3% yesimba rayo pasimba rinosvika 5.400 rpm. izvi chete 0,42%. Izvi zvinotevera kubva kuti mwenje unopfuta unomiririra mutoro wakasiyana wemotokari munzira dzakasiyana dzekushanda.
Kupfupisa, isu tichafungidzira kekutanga kuti iyo Fabia inomhanya pa 3000 rpm ine 34 kW isina mwenje. Ehezve hazvizonetse zvakanyanya, isu tichafanirwa kufunga nezvesimba-mhanyisa inopihwa nemugadziri wemotokari uye simba rekumhanya nekufamba kwenguva, ndinotya kutaura kuti ingangove isingaverengeke uye nekudaro tichabatsira kurerutsa hunhu hwesimba hunhu hunopihwa neinogadzira injini ... 1,2 HTP... Isu tinoregeredza zvakare jenareta kurasikirwa, kushanda kwayo kuri max. 90%. Saka, ngatitii kana tikabatidza mwenje, simba riripo rinodonhera ku33,8 kW, i.e. iyo kumhanya uye kumhanya zvinoderedzwa neinenge 0,6%. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana iwe ukafamba nendege ine vashanu, pane yakataurwa 3000 rpm, ingangoita makumi mapfumbamwe, kumhanya kwako kuchadzikira neakataurwa 90%. Kana iwe uchida kuchengetedza yakaratidzirwa kumhanya, iwe unofanirwa kuwedzera yakakwana kukosora kuchengetedza yakaratidzwa kumhanya. Paunenge uchityaira mumakumi mashanu, iyo Fabia inoshandisa anenge 0,6 litita emafuta pa4,8 km, asi iwe unofanirwa kuwana 100% simba rakawanda, saka unofanirwa kuzadza system ne0,6% mamwe mafuta (pane zvakarerurika, nekuti kutsamira mafuta ekushandisa zvakare haana kukwana zvakakwana). Kushandiswa kwemotokari kuchawedzera ne0,6 l / 0,03 km.
Ehezve, zvinotaridzika zvakasiyana paunobatidza mwenje paunenge uchityaira pamushini uye 1500 rpm, semuenzaniso, kana uchityaira mukoramu. Mune ino mode yekutyaira, iyo Fabia yatove inoshandisa marita gumi nemana pamakiromita zana, simba reinjini pane kumhanya kwakapihwa iri approx. 14 kW. Kushandiswa kuchawedzera neinenge 100 litres / 14 km.
Saka, ngatipfupise. Rimwe zuva Fabia anotiponesa 0,2 malita emafuta akawanda, rimwe zuva - 0,03 malita pa100 km. Paavhareji, tinofungidzira kuti kuwedzera kwekushandisa kunenge kuri 0,1 l / 100 km. Kana tikatyaira makiromita angangoita 10 000 pagore, tinodya mamwe marita gumi epeturu, saka zvinozotidyira mari inosvika 10 euros. Saka hapana chekunetsekana nacho, uye kana zvikaitwa kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwemigwagwa, wadii kupa maeuro mashoma iwayo. Asi. Kune dzinenge 12,5 600 mota dziri kushanda muSlovakia, uye kana imwe neimwe ikachengetedza mamwe 10 malita emafuta, tinowana akakosha mamirioni gumi marita emafuta. Uye uyu mutero wakanaka weexcise, tisingarevi kuparara kwenharaunda nemagasi emhepo. Nokudaro, izvi hazvizove kune kukanganisa kwekuenzanisa kwakananga kwekuvandudzwa kwetsaona pasina chiedza uye nechiedza. Ndiani mumwe aizoramba basa iri nekuda kwekuchengetedza pfuma yeAustria?
