VTEC sisitimu yemotokari injini

Mota dzemukati dzemoto injini dziri kuramba dzichinatsurudza, mainjiniya ari kuyedza "kusvina" iro simba rakakura uye torque, kunyanya pasina kushandisa kuwedzera huwandu hwesirinda. MaJapan mainjiniya emota vakazozivikanwa nekuda kwekuti mainjini avo emuchadenga, kumashure muma90s ezana ramakore rapfuura, akagamuchira zana emabhiza kubva padhorobha re1000 cm³. Tiri kutaura nezvemota dzeHonda, dzinozivikanwa neinjini dzadzo, kunyanya nekuda kweiyo VTEC system.

Saka, muchinyorwa tichanyatso tarisa kuti chii VTEC, mashandiro ayo, musimboti wekushanda uye dhizaini maficha.

Chii chinonzi VTEC System

Variable Valve Nguva uye Simudza Magetsi Kudzora, iyo inoshandurwa muchiRussia, seyemagetsi system yekudzora nguva yekuvhura nekusimudza kwevhavha yeiyo gasi yekuparadzira mashandiro. Mumashoko akapusa, iyi hurongwa hwekuchinja iyo nguva yenguva. Iyi michina yakagadzirwa nechikonzero.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti injini yechisimba yemukati-inoshuvira ine simba rakanyanya kushomeka, uye izvo zvinonzi "shefu" yetoriki ipfupi zvekuti injini inoshanda zvinobudirira chete mune imwe nhanho yekumhanya. Ehe, kuiswa kwe turbine kunogadzirisa dambudziko iri zvachose, asi isu tinofarira injini yemuchadenga, inodhura kugadzira uye nyore kushandisa.

Kudzoka muma80s ezana ramakore rapfuura, mainjiniya eJapan kuHonda vakatanga kufunga nezvenzira yekugadzira mainjini escompact inoshanda nemazvo munzira dzese, kubvisa vharuvhu-ku-humburumbira "musangano" uye kuwedzera kumhanya kwekukurumidza kusvika ku8000-9000 rpm.

Nhasi, mota dzeHonda dzakashongedzerwa ne3 Series VTEC system, inozivikanwa nekuvapo kwemagetsi epamusoro anoona huwandu hwekusimudza uye nguva yekuvhura vharuvhu yenzira nhatu dzekushandisa (yakaderera, yepakati uye yakakwira kumhanya).

Pakumhanya uye kwakaderera kumhanya, iyo system inopa kushanda kwemafuta nekuda kwekuonda musanganiswa, uye inosvika yepakati uye yakakwirira kumhanya - yakanyanya simba.

Nenzira, chizvarwa chitsva "VTECH" inobvumidza kuvhura imwe yemaviri mavharuvhu, ayo anobvumidza kuchengetedza zvakanyanya mafuta munzira yeguta.

Pfungwa huru dzebasa

Kana injini iri kushanda yakaderera uye yepakati kumhanya, iyo yemagetsi control unit yemukati injini yemoto inochengeta iyo solenoid vharuvhu yakavharwa, hapana kumanikidzwa kwemafuta mumatombo, uye mavhavha anoshanda zvakajairika kubva pakutenderera kweakanyanya camshaft cams.

Pakusvika kumwe kumukira, panodiwa kudzoka kwakanyanya, iyo ECU inotumira chiratidzo kune iyo solenoid, iyo, kana yakavhurwa, inopfuudza mafuta pasi pekumanikidzwa kupinda mudumbu rematombo, uye inofambisa mapini, ichimanikidza makamera akafanana kuti ashande, izvo zvinoshandura kukwirira kwevhavhavha uye nguva yavo yekuvhura. 

Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo ECM inogadzirisa huwandu hwemafuta-kuenda-kumhepo nekubaya musanganiswa wakapfuma mumasirinda ehorosita yepamusoro.

Kana injini ichimhanya chete, iyo solenoid inovhara chiteshi chemafuta, mapini anodzokera panzvimbo yawo yekutanga, uye mavhavha anoshanda kubva kumacams emumativi.

Nekudaro, kushanda kwesisitimu kunopa mhedzisiro yeturbine diki.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzeVTEC

Kwemakore anopfuura makumi matatu ekushandisa kwesisitimu, pane mana marudzi eVTEC:

•  DOHC VTEC;
•  SOHC VTEC;
•  i-VTEC;
•  SOHC VTEC-E.

Kunyangwe paine akasiyana nguva uye vharuvhu sitiroko yekudzivirira masisitimu, musimboti wekushanda wakafanana, chete dhizaini uye chirongwa chekutonga chakasiyana.

DOHC VTEC maitiro

Muna 1989, kugadziridza mbiri Honda Integra akasunungurwa pamisika yepamba Japanese - XSi uye RSi. Injini ye 1.6-lita yakanga yakagadzirwa neVTEC, uye simba guru raiva 160 hp. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti injini pakumhanya kwakaderera inoratidzirwa neakanaka throttle mhinduro, kushanda kwemafuta uye kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza. Nenzira, injini iyi ichiri kubudiswa, chete mune imwe shanduro yemazuva ano.

Nechimiro, injini yeDHH yakagadzirirwa macamshafts maviri uye mavhavha mana pasirinda. Peji imwe neimwe yemavharuvhu ine makamu matatu akasarudzika, maviri ayo anoshanda pazasi uye nepakati kumhanya, uye yepakati iri "yakabatana" nekumhanya kwakanyanya.

Iwo ekunze maviri cams anotaurirana zvakananga nemavhavha kuburikidza nedombo, nepo pakati cam inomhanya isina basa kusvika imwe nhanho yasvika.

Iyo camshaft cams cams inogadzirwa mune yakajairwa ellipsoid chimiro, asi ivo vanopa hunyanzvi hwekuita huni chete pane yakaderera rpm. Kana kumhanya kuchisimuka, iyo yepakati cam, pasi pesimba rekumanikidza kwemafuta, inoitwa, uye nekuda kweiyo yakatenderera uye yakakura chimiro, inovhura vharuvhu panguva inodiwa uye nekukwirira kukuru. Nekuda kweizvi, kunatsiridzwa kwekuzadza kwemasilindipiti kunoitika, kunatsa kunodiwa kunopihwa, uye musanganiswa wemafuta-wemhepo unopisa neunyanzvi hwekuita.

SOHC VTEC system

Iko kunyorera kweVECEC kwakazadzisa tarisiro yevainjiniya veJapan, uye vakasarudza kuenderera nekuvandudza hunyanzvi. Ikozvino mota dzakadai vakwikwidzi vakananga kumayuniti ane turbine, uye yekutanga yaive yakarongeka nyore uye isingadhuri kushanda.

Muna 1991, VTEC yakaiswawo pane injini yeD15B ine SOHC gasi rekuparadzira gadziriro, uye neine mwero huwandu hwe1,5 litita, injini "yakaburitsa" 130 hp. Dhizaini yeyuniti yemagetsi inopa imwechete camshaft. Saizvozvo, macams ari pane imwechete axis.

Nheyo yekushanda kwechinhu chakareruka dhizaini haina kunyanya kusiana kubva kune vamwe: inoshandisawo makamera matatu pamaviri emavharuvhu, uye iyo sisitimu inoshanda chete kune mavharuvhu ekudyiwa, nepo mavharuvhu ekurasa, zvisinei nekumhanya, anoshanda mune yakajairwa geometric uye nguva modhi.

Dhizaini yakareruka ine zvayakanakira pakuti injini yakadaro inoenderana uye yakareruka, uye izvi zvakakosha pakuita zvine mutsindo kwemota uye marongero emota yakazara. 

I-VTEC maitiro

Chokwadi unoziva mota dzakadai seyechinomwe uye yechisere chizvarwa Honda Chibvumirano, pamwe neCR-V crossover, iyo yakagadzirirwa motors ine i-VTEC system. Mune ino kesi, tsamba "i" inomirira izwi rekuti akangwara, ndokuti, "smart". Zvichienzaniswa neyakateedzana yapfuura, chizvarwa chitsva, nekuda kwekuunzwa kweimwe basa VTC, iyo inoshanda nguva dzose, ichidzora zvizere nguva iyo mavharuvhu atanga kuvhura.

Pano, mavharuvhu ekudyiwa haangovhure munguva pfupi kana kuti gare gare uye kune imwe nhanho, asi camshaft inogona zvakare kushandurwa pane imwe kona nekuda kweiyo nati yegiya reiyo camshaft imwechete. Muzhinji, iyo system inobvisa torque "dips", inopa kumhanyisa kwakanaka, pamwe nekuenzanisira peturu yekushandisa.

SOHC VTEC-E system

Chizvarwa chinotevera che "VTECH" chinotarisa pakuwana huwandu hwehupfumi hwemafuta. Kuti tinzwisise kushanda kweVTEC-E, ngatitendeukei kune dzidziso yeinjini ine Otto cycle. Saka, musanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta unowanikwa nekusanganisa mweya uye peturu mune yakawanda yekudyara kana zvakananga muhumburumbira. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, chinhu chakakosha mukushanda kwekupisa kwemusanganiswa ndiko kufanana kwayo.

Pakumhanya kwakaderera, mwero wekutora mweya wakaderera, zvinoreva kuti kusanganisa mafuta nemhepo hakubatsiri, zvinoreva kuti tiri kubata nekusagadzikana kweinjini kushanda. Kuti uone kushanda kwakanaka kwechikwata chemagetsi, musanganiswa wakafumiswa unopinda mumapombi.

Iyo VTEC-E system haina mamwe makamu mukugadzirwa, nekuti yakanangana chete nehupfumi hwemafuta uye kutevedzera yakakwira nharaunda. 

Uyezve, chimwe chinhu chakasiyana cheVTEC-E kushandiswa kwemakamera emhando dzakasiyana-siyana, imwe yacho iine chimiro chechimiro, uye yechipiri ndeyeovha. Saka, imwe inlet valve inovhura mune yakajairika renji, uye yechipiri haina kuvhura. Kuburikidza nevhavha imwe, musanganiswa wemafuta-mhepo unopinda zvizere, nepo yechipiri valve, nekuda kwekuderera kwayo, inopa mhepo inotenderera, iyo inoreva kuti musanganiswa uchapisa nekushanda kwakakwana. Mushure mokunge 2500 rpm, vheji yechipiri inotanga kushanda, seyokutanga, nekuvhara kamu nenzira imwecheteyo mumagadzirirwo anotsanangurwa pamusoro apa.

Nenzira, VTEC-E inovavarira kwete chete kuhupfumi, asi zvakare 6-10% ine simba kupfuura injini dzemuchadenga dziri nyore, nekuda kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Naizvozvo, hazvisi zvisina maturo, panguva imwechete, VTEC rave rakakwikwidza rakakomba kune turbocharged injini.

3-nhanho SOHC VTEC system

Chinhu chakasiyana cheiyo 3-nhanho ndechekuti sisitimu yakanangana nekushanda kweVTEC mumamodhi matatu, mumashoko akareruka - mainjiniya akabatanidza zvizvarwa zvitatu zveVTEC kuita chimwe. Iwo matatu maitiro ekushanda ndeaya anotevera:

• pakumhanya kweinjini, mashandiro eVTEC-E anoteedzerwa zvakakwana, uko imwe chete yemavharuvhu maviri anovhura zvizere;
• panguva yepakati kumhanya, mavhavha maviri akazaruka zvakakwana;
• pakakwirira revs, iyo yepakati cam inobata, kuvhura vharuvhu kune yayo yepamusoro kukwirira.

Yakawedzera solenoid yakagadzirirwa matatu-maitiro mashandiro.

Izvo zvave zvichiratidzwa kuti mota yakadai, pane inogara ichimhanya ye60 km / h, yakaratidza kushandiswa kwemafuta kwe3.6 litres pa100 km.

Zvichienderana nerondedzero yeVTEC, ino sisitimu inoitirwa kutarisirwa seyakavimbika, sezvo paine mashoma zvikamu zvinoenderana mukugadzirwa. Izvo zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti kuchengetedza kushanda kwakazara kweiri mota kunofanirwa kubva kubva panguva yekugadzirisa, pamwe nekushandiswa kweinjini oiri neimwe viscosity uye yekuwedzera pasuru. Zvakare, vamwe varidzi hazvireve kuti VTEC ine yavo mesh mafirita, ayo zvakare anodzivirira solenoids uye makamera kubva kune yakasviba mafuta, uye izvi zvidzitiro zvinofanirwa kuchinjiswa makiromita zviuru zana.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Chii chinonzi i VTEC uye chinoshanda sei? Igadziriro yemagetsi inoshandura nguva uye urefu hwevhavha nguva. Iko kugadziridzwa kweiyo yakafanana VTEC system yakagadzirwa neHonda.

Ndezvipi zvimiro zvekugadzira uye mashandiro anoita VTEC system? Mavharuvhu maviri anotsigirwa nemakamera matatu (kwete maviri). Zvichienderana nedhizaini yenguva, kamera dzekunze dzinobata mavharuvhu kuburikidza nematombo, maoko e rocker kana pushers. Muhurongwa hwakadaro, kune nzira mbiri dzekushanda kwevhavha nguva.