Sedan - ndedzipi mota uye ndedzipi mhando

Sezvo atanga kutenga yake mota, chinhu chekutanga mutyairi anotarisisa kune chimiro chemuviri. Pasina mubvunzo, mota inofanirwa "kumutsa kuyemurwa pakati pevanozivana vese," asi chekutanga chinopihwa kune kunyorerana kwechinangwa chemota, uye kwete mutero kumafashoni. Zvichida ndosaka vatengesi vega vakasarudzika sarudza sedan. Kunyangwe mitsara yakajeka yedudziro iyi parizvino isina kujeka, iwo maficha akakosha asara. Uye ndeapi - ino ichataura. 

Mune nyonganiso yakaonekwa mumakore gumi apfuura, zvakaoma kwazvo kuti uone kuti ndeupi mutumbi weiyi kana iyo modhi iri. Uye kuti usakanganise nesarudzo, muridzi wenguva yemberi anofanirwa kuziva ruzivo rwakadzama runojekesa pesvedzero yemagadzirirwo emota pane ayo mamiriro epanyama, uye semhedzisiro - pane zvingangoitika.

Kubvira pakutanga kwayo kupinda mumusika wemotokari, iyo sedan inoramba iri muenzaniso unonyanya kudiwa pasirese, kunyangwe mutengi weEuropean aine zvaanofarira. Hatisi kuzosimbirira kuti iyi ndiyo sarudzo yakanakisa, nekuti chirevo chakadai hachisi chokwadi maererano nevakawanda vagadziri veumbozha, mitambo kana mota diki.

Huwandu hukuru hwekutengesa kwemotokari dzemoto dzinoitika muRussia nenyika dzeyaimbova Soviet Union. Uye sehuwandu hwe2019 hwakaratidza, iyo Tesla Model 3 sedan yakava yepasi rese inotengesa zvakanyanya mota yemagetsi vhezheni. Nhoroondo yemuviri uyu inotaura nezvekukwira nekudzika, zvisinei, ichiri kugona kugara pamatanho epamusoro eiyo chiyero.

Iyo poindi ndeye, sezvingabvira, mukuita, asi izvo zvinoumbwa uye ndeupi musiyano kubva kune coupe muviri - ngatitarisei zvakanyanya.

Chii chinonzi sedan

Mune yakasarudzika vhezheni, iyo sedan muviri ine mavhoriyamu matatu ekuona, ndiko kuti, rakakamurwa kuita matunhu matatu akatsanangurwa zvakajeka: hood yeinjini, kabhini yemutyairi nevafambi, uye trunk yega yemutoro. Zvakanakisa zvikuru zvemotokari yerudzi urwu zvinosanganisira:

• minimalistic uye panguva imwechete yakashongedzwa yakashambidzika, kunyanya mune inoyevedza ruvara;

• mamiriro akasununguka musalon yevakuru vana;

• kusarudzika kubva kune ruzha rwemota;

• kukurumidza kudziya kwevapfuuri nekuda kwekuparadzaniswa ne trunk;

• kusavapo kwekunhuhwirira kwekunze kubva mukamuri yemikwende.

Pakutanga, iyo yakatsika sedan muviri yakapihwa denga iro rakatsetseka pahurefu hwese hwekabhini uye inotsigira B-mbiru inodzivirira musuwo wekumashure kubva pakurwa. Kureba kwetangi kwekutanga sedans (munguva kubva pamakumi mashanu kusvika makumi masere ezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri) haina kusiyana nehukuru hwehodhi, mumamodheru emazuva ano mukamuri yemikwende yakambopfupiswa. 

Kunyangwe mota dzekuAmerican, idzo dzave ngano, dzichiri kuita zvinoshamisa.

Sedani mota ina-dzemusuwo ina mitsara miviri yezvigaro. Yechipiri, kana ichidikanwa uye ye "saizi ine huremu", inogona kutora vakuru vatatu kana, neimwe nzira, vakuru vaviri nemwana. Parizvino, iwe unogona kuwana matanhatu-masuo emakopi mumuviri wakareba, unonzi "limousines". 

Sedan nhoroondo yemuviri

Sezvo zita remuenzaniso pacharo rakaonekwa - hapana munhu achayeuka zvechokwadi. Imwe yeshanduro inoratidza kuti zvinobva pazita repalanquin - rakapetwa rakapetwa nemabatiro uye chigaro checheya (kubva kumaLatin sedes), umo vanhu vakakurumbira vanga vachi "famba-famba" kubvira kare. 

Sekureva kweimwe dzidziso, zita remutumbi rakapihwa kukudza Sedan, guta riri muFrance riri pamuganhu neBelgium uye rinozivikanwa nekugadzira ngoro dzemumigwagwa dzakanaka. Gare gare, pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, mambakwedza emahara emotokari indasitiri, mota dzekutanga dzakabuda nemhando yetrunk - bhokisi rematanda rinobviswa rakasungirirwa nemabhanhire kuseri kwechikamu chevatakurwi pachikuva chidiki. Zvino vakazivisa mukwende mupanda yava mira chikamu mamiriro.

Kubva pakutanga chaipo, mutumbi wainge wakasiyana zvakasiyana kubva kune mamwe mamodheru nekuvapo kwedenga rakaomarara, rakamira pakati peakavhurika (kana rakafukidzwa nejira rinobviswa pamusoro) machira / kushanyira masalon, migwagwa, uye mapaetoni. Asi nguva ino haina kubva yangove mukana wemotokari. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti mafuremu emota dzekutanga akagadzirwa nematanda, izvo zvakanyanya kuwedzera huremu hwese.

Nekuunzwa kwemitumbi yesimbi mukugadzirwa mukutanga kwema30s ezana ramakore rapfuura, izvo zvakabatsira zvakanyanya mota, sedans dzinokurumidza kutanga kukwira kwavo manera ekubudirira, vachidzivirira chinzvimbo chavo kumakombi ari kubuda uye chiteshi chengoro. Ichokwadi, hazvina kunge zvisina kuiswa muhondo yekurwisa maAmerican hardtops, izvo zvakatora kukurumidza-kwenguva pfupi neyakajairika dhizaini. Asi iyo yekupedzisira, kunyangwe nekubuda kunoshamisa, munguva pfupi yakasiya kurasikirwa neruzhinji, avo vakasarudza kuchengetedzeka sedan, yakapihwa mafuremu emawindo emusuwo uye B-mbiru. Vakanga vasipo mune hardtops.

Hatchback yakaonekwa pamusika panguva imwechete yakaita makwikwi akakomba. Mafomu matsva ane rakapfupika rekumashure overhang, zviyero zvakadzikiswa pamwe nehurefu hwekutakura huwandu hwakakunda chikamu chakakosha chevatyairi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo sedan muviri waifanira kusiya mukwikwidzi weimwe yematanho ayo emutsetse - maviri-masuo vhezheni. Iye zvino chave chave chose chirevo cheiyo hatchback.

Parizvino, kunyangwe paine chinzvimbo chakasimba pakati peiyo mutengo wepakati, iyo sedan inofanirwa kufunga nezvekuzivikanwa kwemaSUV nema crossovers. Kunyangwe chikamu ichi chiri kudiwa kubva kune akapfuma mutengi.

Iko kudikanwa kweiyo sedan muviri kunorairwa nenhamba dzinoverengeka dzekukunda nzvimbo:

• mumwaka wematsutso-mwaka wechando, iyo yemukati inodziya nekukasira, nekuda kwekuzviparadzanisa kubva kune hood uye trunk;

• yakavhurika mukwende yemukati haina kukanganisa kurasikirwa kwekupisa mukamuri kabhini;

• hwindo rekumashure nekuda kweiyo "muswe" wakareba hauna kushomeka nekusvibiswa;

• kuoneka kubva mukamuri revapfuuri kunovandudzwa nekuda kwemahwindo epaneru.

Uye zvakare, mamodheru emazuva ano akapiwa michina yepamusoro-soro uye inogadzirwa mune anonakidza dhizaini mhinduro.

Munyika dzakasiyana, iyo sedan muviri inodaidzwa zvakasiyana. Mukurira kwedu kwese, izwi rekuti Sedan rinoshandiswa munyika zhinji dzeEurope: Portugal, Denmark, Poland, Turkey, Czech Republic, Sweden, nezvimwewo, pamwe neAmerica. MuGerman, mota dzese dzakavharwa dzinodaidzwa kuti Limousine, uye maJapan nemaBritish vanoshandisa izwi rekuti Saloon kazhinji.

Mhando dzedans

Nekuda kwekugara uchirwira musika, vazhinji vanogadzira mota vanoenda kumanyepo, vachitamba nemafomu echinyakare mabhureki uye achiajairira iwo kumitezo yemuviri inonyanya kudiwa nemutengi. Kuti uchengetedze chanza, iyo sedan inofanirwa zvakare kujairana neyemota fashoni. Funga nezvese sarudzo dziripo nhasi.

Sedan classic

Zvinosiyana pamatanho makuru: mavhoriyamu matatu ekuona, achipa muviri chimiro chakatsika; yunifomu padenga kukwirira pamusoro pevapfuuri; kuvapo kwepakati mbiru, kuomarara akabata muviri uye mashure ekumashure kubva ku skewing; zvigaro zvina zvizere-saizi (ine chishuwo chakasimba, inogona kutora vanhu vashanu).

Musika wepamusha unomiririrwa nemhando dzeMoskvich 412, VAZ 2101 (Zhiguli), GAZ-24 (Volga).

Yakareba base

Mufananidzo uyu unoratidza isingawanzo kopi yeSoviet ye "Seagull" GAZ-14 mumuviri wecryry-colored executive sedan (yakawedzerwa kusvika 611,4 cm), yakapihwa naLI. Brezhnev, Munyori Mukuru weCPSU Central Committee, mukuremekedza zuva rake rekuzvarwa. Gungano remaoko rakapedzwa pakupera kwa1976 uye rakavhura nzira yekugadzira zvidiki kubva 1977 kusvika 1988.

Gasi-14 sedan mukugadzirwa kwayo yaive neyakaganhurirwa kuburitswa, yakazara, chete 1114 mota dzakasiya gungano mutsara. Nhoroondo yakachengetedza "X-ray" (kudhirowa nemugadziri V. N Nosakov), iyo inoratidza zvakadzama seti yakazara yemotokari uye salon ine madhoo mana, mahwindo matatu nemitsara miviri yezvigaro zvepamusoro panguva iyoyo. 

Zvigaro zviri pachinhambwe chinhambwe, saka pane yakawanda yemahara nzvimbo mukamuri. Iyo modhi yaigona kupfuudza zviri nyore kune limousine, kana iine girazi rekuparadzanisa iro rinoparadzanisa chigaro chemutyairi kubva kuzvigaro zvevapfuuri.

Masuo maviri

Parizvino, hazvisi tsika kutaura nezve maviri-masuo sedans, iyi yega ficha ikozvino ndeyemimwe mienzaniso. Uye mambakwedza ekukwira kwavo, yaive masuo maviri, izvozvi zvavechinyakare Zaporozhets (ZAZ), Skoda Tudor kana Opel Ascona C, iyo ichiri kuwanikwa munzira. 

Opel Rekord A.

Iwo maviri-masuo sedans aifarira zvikuru kune vashoma-mubhadharo vashandi sezvo ivo vaitengeswa pamitengo yedemokrasi. Yokutanga American maviri-musuo vhezheni yeChevrolet Delray yakaonekwa muna 1958.

Mune yechinyakare kupatsanura, itsika kuendesa coupe muviri kune maviri-masuo masisitimu. Asi zvekare zvakare, coupe inogona zvakare kuve nemikova mina, uye kunyangwe iine mutambo, crossover-senge yekukurumidza dhizaini dhizaini, vazhinji vanoreva izvi se "mana-masuo coupe."

Muviri weHardtop

Kuonekwa kwesampula "yakatsakatika", iyo yakambopinda mumakwikwi nemutungamiri wekutengesa, yakaumbwa zvakafanana neiyo Sedan standard, kunyangwe ichinyanyisa.

Hardtops anowanzo daidzwa mana-masuo (dzimwe nguva maviri-masuo maviri) sedans akapinda mumusika weAmerica muma50-80s. ine chinzvimbo chayo chega muchikamu chemamodeli. Kunyangwe kufanana kwekunze kwezvinhu zvakakosha neSedan, mota dzerudzi urwu dzaive nemisiyano yakati wandei, uye nekukuvara kwakati.

• kusavapo kweB-mbiru kwakaderedza zvakanyanya kuchengetedzwa uye kumanikidzwa kushandisa mota chete mumigwagwa yakanaka;

• kunyangwe chimiro chefuremu hachina kuponesa mukurumbira wemuviri, nekuti kana pasina nzvimbo huru yekutsigira mutumbi wakagadziriswa.

• asina mawindo emahwindo akagadzira kutarisisa, asi sezvo achigara achidzikiswa, zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kuti vapambi vapinde mumidziyo yemumwe munhu kuba;

• kuputira ruzha mukabhini kwaive kusipo;

• mhando yemabhanhire akasungirirwa padenga remukamuri revapfuuri yakasiya zvakawanda zvekuda.

Yepamusoro yekutengesa ye hardtop sedan yakawira muma60s ezana ramakore rapfuura, mushure mezvo kufarira kweruzhinji kwakatanga kupera.

Notchback

Iri rinogona kunge riri rimwe zita reiyo yakasarudzika-mana-masuo matatu-bhokisi sedan, inowanzo shandiswa muJapan neAmerica. Vanhu vakasiyana vakabhabhatidza iyo modhi nenzira yavo. MaBritish / maBritish vanoidaidza kuti Saloon. French, Romanian, Italians - "Berlin".

MaBritish nemaAmerican vanodana mana-masuo eSedan mamodheru "Fordor", uye maviri-masuo mamodheru - "Tudor" kana "Koch". Zvakanaka, Europe ine mazano ayo, kwavari notchback ndiyo yataimbo funga nezvayo kunge hatchbacks kana kusimudzira.

Liftback muviri  

Inhaka kubva kune sedan 4 madhoo, uye yakafanana, asi yakapfupikiswa kumashure pamusoro. Denga riri pamusoro pekamuri rinenge rakaenzana, asi rinoyerera zvakanaka mudhiramu rinobata maziso, pane zvigaro zvina mukabhati.

Apa ndipo apo kufanana, pamwe, kunopera, humwe hunhu hune hukama zvakanyanya nekusimudza backback ne hatchback kana chiteshi chengoro. Imba yemutoro inogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza neakavhurika kumashure girazi muvharo (mune sedan, iyo chivharo izere simbi). Chimiro chaicho chemuviri chine makona akatsvedzerera pakutsvedza kwemadziro ekumberi nekumashure, ayo asiri echekare mudhorobha.

Kukurumidza

Kusvikira pakupera kwema50s ezana ramakore rapfuura, iyo yekumhanya-mhanya yakaita chikamu chakanyatso tsanangurwa chemhando dzemuviri, iine chimiro chekuchereredza misodzi nekuda kwedenga rakatsvedza zvinooneka kuhunde; rusvingo rwakapetwa rwemberi uye diki mukwende chivharo. Nezve standard, iwe unogona kutora zvakachengeteka "Pobeda" GAZ-M-20 (kuruboshwe) kana GAZ-M-20V (kurudyi) - mota yeSoviet-era mune serial kugadzirwa pamwe nekuvandudzwa munguva ya1946 - 1958.

Parizvino, mitsara yakajeka yechikamu ichi yakasviba, sezvo hwakawanda hunhu hwayo hunoshandiswa mukugadzira mamwe mamodheru kuitira kushamisika mutengi nemaumbirwo asina kujairika emhando dzekare. Izvi zvinokonzerwa ne "mitambo" yemusika wemotokari, uri kuramba uchinetsa kukunda.

Pasi pekududzirwa kwazvino kwekukurumidza, munhu haafanire kunzwisisisa rakasiyana mhando yemuviri, asi kushandiswa kwemaitiro ayo kune mamwe magadzirirwo akakurumbira. Ichi chiitiko chinogona kucherechedzwa muzviteshi ngoro, zvipingamupinyi, kusimudzira, mazhinji emitambo mamodheru, uye, chokwadika, sedans. 

Mhando dzemasedan dzakasiyana sei nekirasi

Chero munhu anofambisa vafambi anotakura ndeweimwe kirasi inosangana nematanho eEconomic Commission yeEurope. Iri sangano rinonyanya kutarisa kukura kwemotokari. Asi kana uchisarudza, munhu haafanire kurasikirwa nekutarisisa kwevatengi, mutengo, wheelbase, injini kana saizi yekabhini, uye zvimwe zvakakosha kukakavara mukutsigira kupihwa kirasi.

А

Iyo sedan classification inobata rinenge rese gridhi, kubva kukirasi A kusvika F, kunze kweM, S, J zvikamu uye mapikicha. Vazhinji vanopokana kuti chikamu "A" (kunyanya chidiki) sedans hachigone, nekuti inosanganisira mota dzine hurefu hwemuviri hunosvika 3,6 metres. Zvinotaridzika kuti nehurefu hwakadai, hapana kwekubatanidza trunk, asi muchimiro kuchine supermini sedans. Semuenzaniso, Citroen C1 kana Soviet minicar "Zaporozhets" ZAZ 965, iyo trunk yaive panzvimbo yehood:

В

Kirasi "B" inosanganisira mota dzine hurefu hunosvika kumamiriyoni e4,1, iyo inonzi "diki". MuRussia, semunyika zhinji dzepasi, chikamu ichi chiri kudiwa kukuru, nekuti zvidiki zvidiki zvinowanzo kutengeswa nemitengo isingadhuri. Asi muRussian Federation, chikamu ichi chakati wandei mumutsetse wemitengo mutemo une chekuita nemidziyo yesalon uye "yekushongedza" mota. Naizvozvo, mota dzinowanikwa kune ruzhinji, asi dzichidarika zvishoma zviyero zveEurope (pakureba), dzinotumirwa kuchikamu B +, senzira yepakati pakati pekirasi B naC.French compact Citroen C3 inogona kutorwa seyakaenzana yakazara mukirasi B:

С

Mota dzine hurefu hwemuviri husingapfuure 4,4 metres ndedzedzinonzi gorofu kirasi "C" (diki svikiro). Sezvazvakaitika mukirasi ye "B", vamwe vamiririri vemasedan mune zviyero vanogona kupfuudza zvishoma zvakatemwa zviyero zveEurope, asi zvidzivirire maererano nehukuru hwevhiri vhiri uye vhoriyamu reputi. Idzo mota dzinotora chinzvimbo chepakati pakati pezvikamu C uye D uye dzinoramba dziri muC + kirasi. Mumiriri anomiririra chikamu ichi chiFrench compact Citroen C4:

D

Kana kureba kwemotokari kuri muchikamu che4,5 - 4,8 metres, saka uyu mumiriri wepakati "D", iyo inosanganisira, semuenzaniso, mhuri yeCitroen C5. Wiricheya yemota yakadaro inofanira kunge iri mukati memamita 2,7, uye trunk vhoriyamu inofanira kubva pamarita mazana mana.

Nyika yega yega inoshandisa akasiyana parameter kuona iyo kirasi, asi mamwe matanho anoramba akafanana kune ese michina. Saka, semuenzaniso, muJapan, mota dzinoiswa mumutsetse weD chete nematanho: kureba - anopfuura 4,7 m, kukwirira - kubva pamamita maviri, upamhi - kubva 2 m Uye kune vekuAmerican, kirasi D zvinoreva imwe vhoriyamu yemba - 1,7 - 3,15 cubic metres m.

Asi nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinoratidzira kirasi yemotokari maererano neyakaenzana michina uye hunyanzvi kugona:

E

Kutakura kwevatakuri vepamusoro-soro avhareji aine hurefu hwemuviri kubva pa4,8 kusvika ku5,0 m ndewe "E" bhizinesi kirasi. Idzi mota hombe dzine hunyanzvi hwemhando yepamusoro. Zvinotendwa kuti chikamu ichi chinopedzisa huwandu hwemotokari dzinobvumidza mutengesi wega kuita pasina rubatsiro rwemutyairi. Muzvikamu zvinotevera, chinzvimbo chinoraira kushandisa masevhisi emunhu anotyaira, zvisinei nekuvapo kana kusavapo kwelayisensi yekutyaira kubva kumuridzi wemota.

Muenzaniso unokatyamadza wekirasi "E" - Citroen DS 8 ine zviratidzo zvekukurumidza kudzokorodza:

F

Hunhu hwekirasi yepamusoro "F" hurefu hwemuviri hunopfuura mamita mashanu emamita. Uyezve, mune ino paramende, mota haina zvinorambidzwa, asi mukati memiganhu inonzwisisika yekufamba kwakanaka mumigwagwa. Zvikasadaro, inongova mamuseum kana nyepera yekuratidzira yemapikicha, isina kukodzera kushandiswa sekutarisirwa.

Imotokari yepamusoro / yepamusoro inofanirwa kuve ne "mhando" yemhando yepamusoro: zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, yemhando yepamusoro yemukati trim, zvishongedzo, pamwe kunyangwe bhawa, nezvimwe.

Ndezvipi zvakanakira zvemhando dzakasiyana dzemasedans nekirasi

Iyo sedan muviri ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa nekuda kwezvakawanda zvayakanakira iyo inosiyanisa kubva kune mamwe mamodheru muchikamu chimwe chete. Semuenzaniso, kirasi A sedan inonyanya kudiwa muchikamu chayo, kwete chete nekuda kwechikonzero chiri nyore chekuda kwemabhajeti mota, pane zvimwe zvikonzero zvinoitika mune yega yega yemakirasi.

1. Mhando yemhando yemuviri inosiyaniswa nemhando dzakasiyana uye zvimiro, nekudaro mutengi anopiwa mukana wekugutsa akasiyana siyana ezvekuravira zvaunofarira:

2. Kuvandudzwa kwekuonekwa kunoitwa nekuda kwemahwindo mahombe mukabhini, izvo zvakakosha kana kupaka. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, mutyairi haadi kushandisa maseru ekupaka - masystem ekupaka, anozopaka zvakakwana kunyangwe kumashure, achiona kufamba kwemotokari kuburikidza negirazi repashure repashure:

3. Muenzaniso wakavapo pamusika kweanoda kusvika makore zana. Kubva pakutanga chaipo, yakasarudzika chikuva chakagadzirirwa muviri, icho chinowanzo gadziridza kune dzakasiyana mota shanduko. Iyi poindi inonyanya kukosha pakuvimbika uye kuchengetedzeka kwenyaya. Kana mamwe marangi achishandisa hwaro hwe sedan, saka kusakwana kwekuverenga kunogona kupinda mukugadzirwa, asi izvi hazvityisidzi sedan:

4. Rudzi rwemuviri uyu rwunobatsira pakudyira mafuta mafuta nekuda kwekudzikiswa huremu uye kuita kwakanyanya kweaerodynamic. 

5. Kufungidzira-kwakadzika zvigaro zvigaro, pamwe nekwaniso yekugadzirisa chigaro chinokomberedza nezvakanaka backrests, gadzira nyaradzo kunyangwe parwendo rurefu. Uye zvakare, mota dzemota dzinobata zvakanakisa, nekutenda dhizaini inogovera yunifomu mutoro pamwe nehurefu hwese hwevhiri.

6. Pakutanga, mamodheru ebhajeti anounzwa mukirasi chero ipi, mukuwedzera, haadi mari hombe yekuchengetedza mota. Kupfuura MOT hakukonzere kunetsekana, sezvo kumhanya zvikamu kuri kudhura uye kunogara kuripo kune chero chikamu.

7. Hunde rakapatsanuka rakazara, zvisinei neboka. Mikwende yekamuri kuputira inodzivirira kunhuwirira uye ruzha kupinda mukamuri revapfuuri. Uye yakatambanudzwa yekumashure overhang inowedzera inoshanda semhando yemutsago unotora hit (mune yekurovera kumashure) mune tsaona.

Misiyano pakati pe sedan uye coupe

Kupopotedzana nezvekuti ndeupi muenzaniso uri nani kwakangofanana nekusazvibata nekusimbirira pane zvakanakira chena / dema pamusoro pezvasara. Icho chiri nyaya yekuravira uye kufarira. Iwe unogona chete kutaura nezve akakosha masiyano mapoinzi muhunyanzvi hunhu, anoonekwa maonero, nezvimwewo, uyezve sarudzo inosara nemutyairi.

Kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika, ese ari maviri marudzi emuviri akatsanangurwa nemusiyano wakajeka, ichipa yega yega mamodheru dhizaini yakasarudzika. Kubva pakutanga, ivo vagadziri ve coupe vakatora maviri-masuo vhezheni yemotokari sehwaro, asi nekuda kwekuonekwa kwemasuo matatu mushambadziro pamusika, muviri unogona kufananidzwa sedan:

Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza Mercedes-Benz CLS (III chizvarwa fastback). Mumiriri we "mana-masuo coupe" ane chitarisiko chinoonekera, iyo salon yakagadzirirwa neazvino "stuffing" ine hupfumi dhizaini, asi muchimiro - ingangoita sedan yese mumuviri mumwechete wekumhanya.

Iyo yakasarudzika coupe ine matatu-masuo maviri-vhoriyamu muviri ine yakasarudzika saloon uye maviri akazara-saizi zvigaro. Pazviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, akawedzera mutsara wezvigaro, anotora nzvimbo diki (inosvika 93 cc), inokodzera kugara vana. Suo remikwende rinowanzove risipo, madziro ekumashure akapenya.

Mitambo yematanho inobatsira mhinduro dzisingatarisirwe senge "maviri-masuo sedan". Kunyangwe iri hazvo iri "nguva yekutenderera" munguva yakapfuura. Mitumbi yekutanga yerudzi urwu yaive nedudziro mbiri: 2 uye 4 madhoo. Zvino, pamwe chete nemusiyano mumavhoriyamu matatu ekuona, denga rakaenzana zvakapatsanurwa kubva pasi peimba, kuvapo kwepakati pembiru, aya anonyanya kuve mana emasuo mamodheru:

Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza Tesla Model 3 ine mota yemagetsi, iyo yakapinda mumusika mu2017. Pamuenzaniso wake, munhu anogona kucherechedza shanduko yekushanduka kweiyo zvekare, kuchinjika kune izvo zvinodiwa nemutengi.

The musiyano mukuru pakati Sedan uye Coupe - ndiko kupfupiswa hwaro yokupedzisira, chokuita iyo inowanzonzi vakapakata chete chete mutsara zvigaro vakuru, kana ane 2 + 2 fomati (polymer zvigaro). Uye zvakare, coupe iri padyo nemhando yemitambo.

Kusiyana pakati pe sedan nechiteshi ngoro, hatchback

Musiyano wakakosha pakati pe sedan ne hatchback uye station wagon ndeye matatu-vhoriyamu chimiro. Sezvineiwo, bhoneti, denga uye hunde zvinomira pachena. Mune kabhini, chikamu chevatakuri chinoparadzaniswa nechikamu chakaomarara kubva muchikamu chekutakura. Ichokwadi, mumhando dzakawanda, kumashure kwesofa yekumashure inopetwa (kazhinji muchiyero che40 * 60), kuitira kuti mutoro wakareba unogonawo kutakurwa mu sedan.

Asi chekutanga pane zvese, iyo sedan yakatarisana nekutakura kwevatakuri uye nenhamba shoma yezvinhu. Rudzi urwu rwemuviri nekuremekedza kutakurwa kwevatyairi rine zvinotevera zvakanakira:

• Kuwedzera kunyaradzwa nekuda kwekuparadzaniswa kwakakwana kwekamuri yevatyairi kubva patrunk (hapana ruzha kana kunhuwa kunopararira kubva muhunde pakutakura zvinhu);
• Rudzi urwu rwemuviri runokutendera kuti uronge iyo yekutanga microclimate nekuda kweiyo imwechete yakaoma partition mucabin;
• Mhando iyi yemuviri yakanyanya kuoma, iyo ine simba rakanaka pakubata kwemotokari;
• Nekuda kwehuwandu hukuru hwenzvimbo dzinotora simba (injini uye mitoro makamuri), kuchengetedzwa mumotokari kwakakwira kupfuura mumamodeli ane trunk yakasanganiswa uye mukati.

Asi rudzi urwu rwomuviri rwakanga rwusina zvikanganiso. Nokudaro, kuwedzera kunyaradza kunoda kugadzirwa kwemuviri wakareba uchienzaniswa neiyo hatchback. Kana tikaienzanisa nechiteshi chengoro, ipapo sedan inorasikirwa zvakanyanya mukuita.

Iwo anokurumidza sedans munyika

Yekumhanyisa uye sedan pfungwa hadzienderane nechikonzero chimwe. Mutyairi haakwanisi kushandisa simba rakazara remotokari nekuda kwekushaya simba kwemhepo. Ane simba uye akakwirira-anoita masimba emagetsi mune sedan akaiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwemukurumbira pane kukwikwidza kwemitambo.

Iyo inokurumidza kukurumidza mota, iyo inoderera zvishoma. Saka, kukurumidza mumasekondi 2.7, kufanana neTesla Model S P1000D, haigoni kunzi yakasununguka nenzira ipi zvayo, nokuti vafambi vanomanikidzwa chaizvo pachigaro.

Kana tikataura nezve mamodheru ane yakasarudzika mukati memoto injini, uye kwete yemagetsi mota, saka runyorwa rweanomhanya sedans anosanganisira:

• Mercedes Benz AMG;
• Porsche Panamera Turbo;
• BMW M760.

Kana iwe ukaronga kubhadharisa sedan yekumhanya, ipapo mukirasi yayo ichave yakaderera kune coupes kana hatchbacks ane maitiro akafanana.

Zvakanakisa mukirasi

Vazhinji vamiriri vemotokari dzemhando yepamusoro vanogadzirwa mune imwe mhando kana imwe yemuviri we sedan. Iyo Executive kirasi, premium kirasi, yakasarudzika uye yakafanana mota dzemhando yepamusoro dzinogamuchira sedan muviri nekuda kwemukurumbira uye runako rwefomu.

Sedans dzakadaro dzakakurumbira munyika dzeCIS:

• Lada Grant;
• Renault Logan;
• Toyota Camry;
• Skoda Octavia;
• Hyundai Solaris;
• Ford Focus;
• Volkswagen Polo;
• Nissan Almera.

Zvakakodzera kutaura kuti kuitira kukwezva vatengi vakawanda, automakers vanogadzira muenzaniso wakafanana mumiviri yakasiyana. Muenzaniso weizvi iFord Focus 3 kana Hyundai Solaris, iyo inozivikanwa zvakaenzana sedan uye hatchback.

Iyo yakanakisa sedan haigone kudoma zita. Nekuti inyaya yekuravira. Kuzivikanwa kweimwe modhi kunobatwa nemidziyo yayo, kuita kwemavara, kunaka kwekuita kwese masisitimu nemagungano, pamwe nekugadzirisa mhinduro.

Vhidhiyo pamusoro wenyaya

Vhidhiyo pfupi iyi inotaura nezve akanaka uye ane simba zvinoshamisa sedans anogona kukwikwidza nedzimwe mota dzemitambo:

Iwo anokurumidza sedans munyika 🚀

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Chii chinonzi sedan ichi? Sedan imhando yemuviri ine chimiro chetatu-vhoriyamu - zvinhu zvitatu zvemuviri zvinotsanangurwa zvakajeka (hood, denga uye trunk). Kazhinji 5-sedan sedans.

Chii chinonzi sedans? 1) classic - ine matatu akatsanangurwa zvakajeka mavhoriyamu emuviri. 2) magonhi maviri. 3) limousine. 4) hardtop (hapana B-mbiru). 5) vaviri-, vana- kana vashanu-vagari.