Kwayedza drive yeanozivikanwa Lada kubva kuUSSR VFTS
Aya "Zhiguli" aive akanyanya kurohwa kuMadokero uye hope dzisingawanikwe muUSSR, uye nhasi vanokurudzira zvizvarwa zvitsva zvevaimhanya. Isu tinotaurira nyaya yeVFTS uye kuyedza mota, inozivikanwa naStasis Brundza iye
Kupesana nepfungwa dzese, iwo maTogliatti "echinyakare" haasi kuora mukukura kwenyika yavo ine hutsinye, asi vari kuvandudzwa. Gore rega rega mota dzinowanda uye dzakapora uye dzakasimbiswa miviri, akamanikidzwa injini, chassis yakachinjwa, pendi yehondo uye vanhu vanofara kwazvo vari kumashure kwevhiri vanoonekwa mumigwagwa. Chitendero chechokwadi chemitambo chiri kugadzirwa chakakomberedza modhi, icho chagara chiri chirevo chekumhanyisa uye kubata.
Kune, muchokwadi, zvikonzero zvakakwana zvezvinangwa zveizvi. Genetically inherent drift kukodzera, yakapusa dhizaini inozivikanwa nemoyo - uye, chokwadika, iyo peni mitengo yemaviri mota ivo pachavo uye mazhinji eparutivi zvikamu. Ivo vemazuva ano vanofarira ve "kurwa zvekare" vanofambiswawo nehope - ingave yavo, kana nhaka kubva kumadzibaba avo. Iroto rekuvaka iyo imwechete inotonhorera "Zhiguli" seyakavanzika uye isingawanikwe Lada VFTS.
Uku kugadzirisa kwave kuwanikwa kune chero munhu, uye mapikicha anoratidzwa uye anoshanda anotsvaga paInternet mumaminitsi mashanu. Asi pakati pema1980, "maroses" pane lever yekutapurirana, kukwiza makapeti pazvigaro uye "antistatic" mitsetse yakaturika pasi kune asphalt anga ari iwo muganho wekuvandudzwa kwemutyairi asinganetsi. Zvishandiso? Zvakanaka kana zvaingoshandisika.
Zvino chimbofungidzira kuti VFTS yaitaridzika sei kupesana neiyi kumashure. Muviri wekumhanyisa wakawedzerwa, masimba zana neshanu-anotorwa kubva kune ingangoita-yakatarisa injini - uye isingasviki masekondi masere kusvika zana! Kunyangwe yakagadziridzwa nenyaya yekuti yaive yehondo yehondo mota, zvese zvaitaridzika kunge zvinonakidza. Kunyangwe yaive isiri mumotokari dzinomhanya kwazvo dzeZhiguli, asi paive nenzira yekuchenjera kune zvese zvidiki diki.
Ndihwo hunhu hwese hwomugadziri weVFTS, iyo inozivikanwa yeLithuania racer Stasis Brundza. Kuwedzera kune yake isina mvumo yekumhanyisa mhanya, aigara achisiyaniswa neyechikoro, kuverenga manyorero eaerobatics: kushomeka kwekukwira, kugona kwakanyanya uye basa rekufungisisa nechinyorwa. Mhedzisiro yacho mazita gumi emakwikwi eUSSR rally shasha uye mibairo yakati wandei kumakwikwi epasi rose. Uye kunze kwemigwagwa yerally, Stasis akazovezve ari murume anoonekera zvakanyanya aine bhizinesi streak.
Akapa makore mashoma ekutanga ebasa rake kuIzhevsk Automobile Plant uye awana budiriro huru paIzha neMoskvich, Brundza aive mumwe wevokutanga kuziva kuti ivo vakatanga kupora zvishoma nezvishoma, uye ramangwana ndereZhiguli nyowani. Zvakare - kuti haufanire kuvimba nenyanzvi dzefekitori: kana iwe uchida kuita zvakanaka, zviite iwe pachako.
Iyo yakanzi Lithuanian inodzokera kumusha, uko, pahwaro hwenzvimbo yekugadzira mota muVilnius, inogadzira diki musangano wekugadzirira rally michina. Zvishandiso zvemazuva ano, nyanzvi dzakanyatsokwanisa uye basa rakanyatsojeka pazvinhu zvese - izvi ndizvo zvinoita kiyi yekubudirira. Muchikamu chechipiri chema1970, kurwa "kopecks" kwakagadzirwa naBrundza kwakatanga kuunganidza goho rakapfuma remikombe uye ikashanduka ikava huru yekurova yeiyo Soviet rally.
Chiyero chiri kukura: nekutanga kwema1980, Brundza yatove nevanhu makumi mashanu, uye musangano unoshanduka kuita bhizinesi rakakomba, iro rinogamuchira zita rekuti VFTS - Vilnius Vehicle Fekitori. Uye kana nguva yasvika yekuchinja kubva ku "kopecks" kuenda ku "fives" nyowani, Stasis inofunga kutora zvese zvakaunganidzwa ruzivo uye voenda kunotyoka.
Nyowani "Zhiguli" inoratidzirwa maererano nezvinodiwa zvepasirese zveakakurumbira "Boka B" - hapana zviripo zvirambidzo pane shanduko ipapo. Crazy Audi Sport Quattro, Lancia Delta S4, Peugeot 205 T16 uye zvimwe zvikara zveturbo zvine simba rinopfuura mazana matanhatu emabhiza zvakabuda ipapo, kunyangwe Lada VFTS, hongu, yaive yakadzikama zvakanyanya. Iyo yakasarudzika yepamberi-injini dhizaini, yekumashure-vhiri dhiraivhu pane izere - uye hapana turbine: injini yakaramba yakasarudzika yakashuvira uye yakachengeta fekitori vhoriyamu ye600 "cubes".
Asi iyo yakanatswa neicho chaicho chishongo chakaringana, icho chaifambiswa neAvvaVAZ. Zvikamu zvefekitori zvakanyatsosarudzwa, zvakapwanywa, zvakaenzana uye zvakapenyerwa zvakare. Iyo crankshaft uye camshafts zvakavakwazve, zvakagadzirwa zvekubatanidza matanda, mavhavha akagadzirwa ne titanium alloy, compression ratios yakawedzera kubva pachiyero 8,8 kusvika 11,5 - uye chinhu chose chakapihwa simba nemapatya Weber 45-DCOE carburetors. Muchokwadi, pakanga pasina kana chinhu chimwe mumota yese chisina kubatwa neruoko rwevashandi veVilnius. Chinokosha? Anopfuura 160 emabhiza kufekitori 69!
Ehezve, iyo yakasara yemidziyo yakashandurwa zvakare. Iyo VFTS yakanga iine kumiswa kwakasimbiswa nejometri rakasiyana, mbiri yekumberi yekudzikamisa, yakagadziriswa kumashure ekisero uye nemitambo yekuwisira mitambo ine 4-2-1 manifold - yaitofanira kugadzira mumwe mugero pasi pasi peiyo turakiti, iyo yakamhanya yakafanana neiyo yekufambisa Uye gare gare mota dzakazvirova diki pakufambisa, shanu-inomhanya kamera giya mubhokisi panzvimbo yeyakajairwa mana-anomhanyisa giya, uye kunyangwe aruminiyamu epaneru emuviri. Muchidimbu, aya ndiwo akange achitonhorera kupfuura ese maZhigulis munhoroondo - uye imwe yemhando dzakabudirira dzemitambo yeUSSR. Zvakasvika padanho rekuti timu yefekitori yeAvVAVAZ yakasiya kuyedza kuvaka yayo vhezheni yeiyo rally "shanu" ndokutamira kune brainchild yeBrundza.
Zvakare, VFTS yakazove iroto risingasvikike kunyangwe kune ivo vatambi veSoviet ivo pachavo. Idzi mota dzaityairwa nevasaruki vakasarudzika, akanakisa emhando dzakanakisa, uye mamwe ese aisave nezvaakakwana. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti rally "Zhiguli" inodiwa nevatyairi vekuWestern - maGerman, maNorwegi, maSweden uye, kunyanya, maHungari. Yekumhanya, yakapusa, inoteerera mota inodhura zviuru makumi maviri zvemadhora - peni nematanho ehunyanzvi hwekumhanya. Uye iyo Soviet mubatanidzwa "Autoexport" nemufaro yakapa VFTS kunze kwenyika, ichikwezva mari yekunze kwenyika.
Chokwadi, kuMadokero havana kumira pamhemberero ne "zvishamiso jigs". Nekuda kweizvozvo, hapana kana makopi ekutanga akasara. Imotokari yega izere iri mumuseum yeStasis Brundza, uye mamwe makopi akasara anokwanisa kungozivikanwa neteki iri pane keji: zvese zvimwe zvakasakadzwa neanobata autocross, yakachinjwa kane chiuru uye iri mu inosuruvarisa mamiriro.
Kupesana nemukurumbira weVFTS. Yakapona pakupunzika kweSoviet Union, ane matambudziko ma1990 uye akatumbuka zvakare muzana ramakumi maviri nemasere. Mazuva ano, vanofarira vanovaka huwandu hukuru hwemota dzinowanzo teedzera kutaridzika kweVilnius mota - "mativi" emuviri ekuwedzera, chakaparadza chakaparadza padhuze, retro livery ... Chokwadi, hunyanzvi hunowanzo hwakasiyana zvakasiyana: semuenzaniso, nei benzi kutenderedza neyekare-sevha-vharuvhu, kana iwe uchigona kuisa yazvino uye nyore-kumanikidza "shesnar"? Idzi mota hadzichisiri VFTS replicas, asi pachinzvimbo kukudzwa, mutero kune dhizaini uye mweya.
Asi iyo kopi iyo iwe yaunoona mumifananidzo yakavakwa mukuwanda kwazvo maererano neyekutanga - zvinoenderana nechero zvinyorwa zvekumamatira zvakaendeswa kuFIA muna 1982. Ehezve, kune mashoma mashoma rusununguko, asi iwo haagadzire aya maZhiguli chero echokwadi echokwadi. Usanditenda? Zvino heino chokwadi chimwe kwauri: mota yakazviongorora, yakazivikanwa uye ikasainwa naStasis Brundza iye.
Zvakare, iro rebhuruu "shanu" ra1984 rinotaridzika senge remake zvachose. Tsvuku-bvudzi chishongo pamusoro pechinhu chekumisa nekusimudza, chakatsva uye munzvimbo dzakatsemuka pendi, yakasakara mavhiri - zvese izvi hazvisi zvikanganiso, asi iyo chaiyo nhoroondo patina, sekunge kuti mota yakanga yapona chaizvo kubva kune iwo makore chaiwo. Uye kana injini yake ikauya kuhupenyu, kukosora hoarsely pane isina kuenzana "idle", ini ndakafukidzwa neakasarudzika manzwiro.
Zvenguva yechando, iwo mamwe mairi macarburetors akabviswa pano uye imwe chete yakaiswa - zvakare Weber, asi yakapusa. Simba rakayerwa pachigadziko rakadzikira kubva pa163 kusvika 135 emabhiza, asi ichi hachisi chinhu chikuru: pane zvinopfuura zvakakwana chando nechando. Asi iko kusimba mukugadziriswa uku, sekutaura kwevagadziri, kwakanyanya kukwirira - kuita kuti mota ireruke kutyaira mukutsvedza.
Asi kunyangwe zvakadaro, hupenyu hwepazasi hausipo. Iwe unofanirwa kutanga uchienda nepodgazovka, uye kana iwe ukavhura padanho repamberi nekukurumidza, iyo VFTS inoda kusvika masiteki - unofanirwa kusvina batira uye kusimudza revs zvakare. Asi mota painongotenderera, rwiyo chairwo rwemufaro nekumhanyisa runotanga.
Chiedza chakareruka - isingasviki toni - mota ine mukurumbira inosimudza kumhanya pasi peiyo ruzha rwekudzimisa, uye padhuze nemuganhu we7000 rpm, kutinhira kwakapenga kunonzwika kubva pasi pehood, yakasungwa nesimbi inorira. Iyo yekumiswa kwechando kumisikidzwa nezvinyoro zvinyoro uye zvinokatyamadza zvinogadzirisa zvakakwana mabump eMoscow Region rally track - kunyangwe pane yakaoma nzvimbo, iyo "shanu" inochengetedza kusangana kuzere nepamusoro, uye inogara zvakazara kubva kumatanho ekumusoro: akasununguka, akatsetseka uye asina yechipiri rebound.
Kunyangwe paine mwero wedhiraivho, mota iyi iri nyore zvinoshamisa kudzora, ine yakanyanya kuwanda castor kumberi ekisero uye neyakaenzana chiyero chinobatsira. Vhiraivho haifanire kumonyoroka kumativi - yakaringana kumisikidza mota pamusuwo (ine mabhureki, kushanduka-shanduka, chero chii zvacho), uyezve icharamba yakachengetedza kona yakazvimiririra, ingangoita pasina chinoda kugadziridzwa. . Ehe, iwo ma engles ane mwero - asi ichi hachisi chekumonyoroka chinyoro ne "Krasnoyarsk inversion", asi rally muchina unogadzirirwa zvakanyanya kuti ubudirire.
Asi zvinonakidza sei, kutendeseka uye kwechokwadi VFTS inozvibata panguva imwe chete! Anokurumidza kuwana mutauro wakajairika, munzira yake hapana kunyepa kana kusanzwisisika - kungoita kuchena kwemitemo yefizikiki uye kugona kunowanikwa chete mumijaho mota kuenda zviri nyore kukwirisa kumhanya. Uye, ndawana kumhanya kwakanaka, ndinonzwisisa kuti sei mazana emaPoland nemaHungari ari kukwikwidza muhondo Zhiguli nanhasi - haisi chete bhajeti, asiwo dhiyabhorosi mafaro.
Uye zvinofadza kuti chinamato cheVFTS, icho chaive chingangova ngano kune vatyairi veSoviet, uye chaizvo chaicho kune vekunze, chiri kudzoka kuRussia. Kutyaira, rally kana mota dzemumugwagwa chete hazvina kukosha. Izvo zvakakosha kuti "kurwa zvekare" vari kuve vanozivikanwa zvechokwadi.
