Edzai Dhiraivha Mashanu Rally Ngano: Kudzika

Kufamba kuenda kuVW "Turtle", Ford RS200, Opel Commodore, BMW 2002 kusvika Toyota Corolla

Ngatinzwei zvakare asphalt yakaoma pasi pemavhiri. Ngatinzwei kunhuwa mafuta anopisa imwe nguva, ngatiteererei kune injini dzinoshanda imwezve nguva - pakubhururuka kwekupedzisira kwemwaka neshanu daredevils chaiyo. Hatisi kureva vatyairi.

Ruoko rwakatambanudzwa nechigunwe chakaonekwa ruchiri kuratidza chivimbo mukukunda uye nekusindimara kunoramba kuchionekwa sechiratidzo chekukunda. Inoshandiswa nevatambi vezvemitambo, vezvematongerwo enyika vanokunda uye vasina kugadzirira nyeredzi dzeTV - kunyangwe hazvo zvatove zvakajairika zvinorwadza. Uye zvino anotyaira motokari, uye hazvina zvachose kudiwa.

Kungofanana nechigunwe kumusoro, shanduko yemagetsi inobuda kubva pakona yekutungamirira yeToyota Corolla WRC. Carlos Sainz naDidier Auriol vakashandurawo magiya matanhatu ekufambisa kweX Trac nekuputika kupfupi kweruoko rworudyi. Uye zvino ndichazviita. Ndinovimba. Kuuya manje manje. Tichitarisa neacoustics, mapistoni, matanda ekubatanidza uye mavharuvhu mubhuroka uye silinda musoro wejini-cylinder injini ine kumanikidzwa kuzadza - hongu, pa299 hp, inobvumirwa neiyo ipapo mirau - kufamba zvachose chaotically. Muchina wemujaho unoita ruzha rusingadzoreki, mapombi maviri anochema achiedza kuchengetedza kudzvanywa muhydraulic system padanho rinosvika zana. Wasvika sei kuno? Ndichitarira shure, handichakwanisi kutaura chokwadi.

Vakamiswa padivi pemujaho weCorolla kune mamwe magamba mana akasiya pamudyandigere anoda kutaura nyaya dzavo kubva kwakasiyana. Uye sezvo kunyange kunonoka kutyaira mumigwagwa yemasango ematombo kusisagamuchirwe munharaunda, migwagwa yeruzhinji chete ndiyo yasara - kana zvichibvira yakarongedzwa nemisoro kubva munhoroondo yemotosport, semuenzaniso, saiti kusvika kumusoro kweSchauinsland muBlack Forest. Pano, kubva muna 1925 kusvika 1984, kakawanda kana zvishoma nguva dzose, virtuosos dzepasi rose pahelm dzakamhanya nenzira yemakiromita gumi nemaviri nekudonha kwakadzika kwemamita 12.

Turtle ine moyo wePorsche

Anenge ashamiswa nekutya, Frank Lentfer anofamba achitenderera VW Turtle iyo yakakwikwidza muMile Mile. Izvi hazvifanire kutishamisa - mutyairi webvunzo wemupepeti anoshandisa nguva yake yemahara akazvizora kusvika kumagokora ake mumafuta emota yake "Economic Miracle". "Ingotarisa muffler!" Uye inogadzirika ekisero yekumberi! "Okay ndichavaona.

Asi kunyangwe hazvo maVW turtle ese asinganyanyoyemurwa, chokwadi chekuti Paul Ernst Strele akapengesa timu yese panguva yaidzidziswa paMile Mile muna 1954. Fiat, semhedzisiro iyo yakamanikidzwa kuendeswa kum prototypes kuti ikunde kirasi yayo, ichamanikidzwa kutarisa mota iyi nemaziso akati siyanei. Kunyangwe ipapo, kuendesa kwePorsche 356 neinenge 60 hp kwaive kufashaira mukamuri rekumusoro. Nekudaro, nekutora chikamu kwemunhu anotungamira anotora chikamu mumusangano wanhasi, zvinyorwa zvinoreketa 51 kilowatts, ndiko kuti, 70 hp, mamwe ayo mana-humburumbira injini yatove kutora kubva kumakamuri emoto nemabhakiti. Izvo zvinonzi zvigaro zvaishandiswa muPorsche 550 Spyder uye inoumbwa nemutumbi wealuminium wakafukidzwa neyakaonda upholstery.

Hapana chimwezve chekutaura pamusoro pekuva we motorsport - vhiri rekutyaira richiri rakatetepa uye, sepakutanga, hapana rollover furemu. Iko hakuna zvakare mabhandi emujaho pane replica sezvo angadai asina kuvimbika munhoroondo. Nekudaro, inotsamira pane akajairwa lap mabhandi kune passive kuchengeteka, uye mutyairi hunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza inoshanda. Anofanira kuziva kuti kurongeka kwekutapurirana uye kutungamira kwakangofanana nekufanotaura kwemamiriro ekunze emakore matatu. Ngatitii izvi hazviiti sezviyedza zvikuru, asi, kutanga, ndezvechokwadi, uye chechipiri, hafu chete. Nekuti kana iyo yemitambo Volkswagen ikatanga kupinda mune yayo hunhu izwi raspy, mafungiro anokurumidza kusimuka pasi pepamusoro payo - pamwe nekuti masimba eVW angangove manyepo akachena.

"Turtle" inomhanyira mukurwiswa nezwi rakadzika, rinodziya, sekunge kuisa chivimbo zvakare munyika yakashungurudzwa nehondo inoparadza, uye inoda kuratidza kuti 160 uye zvichida makiromita akawanda paawa haisi basa risingabviri. Waanoshanda naye Jorn Thomas anogara akazembera padivi pemutyairi, uye kutaridzika kwake hakureve kuti anoda kuzviona - uye kutaura chokwadi, handidi. Zvakakwana kuti munhu atarise kusunda kwepakati kweinjini 1,5-lita uye opindura kufona nekuita giya rakakodzera uye kuwana yakakwana yekumira. Kunyanya kupenya modhi yeVW ine marambi matanhatu-volt, ndiko kunowedzera kutakurwa kumakona uko mutyairi anowanzo rasikirwa nerutsigiro, yakareruka kupfuura yePorsche-yakavandudzwa chassis.

Commodore Kufona

Jorn anoshamiswawo nesimba re "turtle", asi inoratidza kuti "inorema makirogiramu 730 chete". Izvi zvinomukwevera kuOpel Commodore. Izvi zvose zvinonzwisisika uye zvinofanotaurwa. Zvinonzwisisika, nekuti coupe inofumura rusaruro rwenhema rwekuti mota dzakanaka dzinofanira kubva kuItari (kana kuti kwete kubva kuGermany). Uye izvi zvinofanotaurwa, nekuti Jorn ane mukurumbira muimba yenhau semutsigiri akasimba weOpel.

Zvikasadaro, haadi chaizvo mota dzekare, asi anoti aizotenga mota ine nhamba yeGG-CO 72 pasina kuzeza. "Kugadzirwa kwakadini, ruzha rwakadii, chidimbu chemidziyo - basa rakakura," Jorn anodaro achigadzirisa hanzi yake yemapoinzi mana. Inoramba ichingosimudza chigunwe chinokunda. Chokwadi, muna 1973, Walter Röhl akatyaira Commodore B kuburikidza nemakona asingaverengeki eMonte Carlo Rally uye akapedza makiromita gumi nemaviri kubva kukupedzisira ndokuisa yechigumi nesere pazere nekuda kwekutyoka kwekumiswa kwechinhu. Injini yemafuta-yakajairwa 18-lita yave kutomhanya pasi pehodhi refu, uye kopi yedu, iyo inoburitsa modhi ya2,8, ine ipapo yepamusoro-ye-iyo-mutsara unit. Inotsiva maviri eZenith akasiyana-valve carburetor neOpel's classic mota division ine matatu Weber twin-barrel units, ichisvetuka 1972-litre inobuda injini kubva 2,5 kusvika 130 hp. pamwe., kupotsa kusvika pamwero wejekiseni mota. Pasinei nekutaridzika kwayo kunoshamisa ine roll-over yekudzivirira keji, zvigaro zvekumhanya, machira ekumberi evhavha uye bhatiri remamwe marambi, iyo 157: 9 compression ratio inline-nhanhatu inopa yayo tsananguro yehukasha.

MuCommodore, mutyairi anosangana neacoustic kwete masimba emuviri, uye anofambiswa neambitious drive yekuchinja iyo ratio. Mukuita, izvi zvinoreva kupfava giya kuchinjika, kudzivirira kumanikidza kusingakoshi painjini kana uchiwedzera kudzvanya accelerator pedal. Yechitatu neyechina magiya neimwe nzira isiri panzvimbo - imwe inowanzonzwa ipfupi, imwe inogara yakarebesa. Uye chii? Inouya nguva apo Commodore anokwanisa kukudzidzisa iwe zvakakwana kuti akupe runyararo rwepfungwa - achichinjisa tarisiro kune kurerukirwa kwekumisikidzwa kumberi nemaoko eroketi uye yakaomesesa ekisero yekumashure ine matrailer.

Iyi Opel yakadzokera kunguva iyo mota dzechiratidzo dzaisadikanwa kuti vatungamire mararamiro, nekuti dzaingori nzira yehupenyu. Iyo chinzvimbo kuseri kwemahombekombe emitambo mudhiraivho hachina makakatanwa, ruoko rwakazorora zvakadzikama pane refu yegokora giya lever nebhendi mubhawa. Pakazaruka kuvhurika, iyo CIH injini (inoshandiswa muOpel mamodheru ane pamusoro camshaft) inoshanda senzou isina chero zvipingamupinyi, uye kuzvisimudzira pachayo kunobatsira nekuti zvikasadaro iyo carburetor inokachidza. Iine ZF mudhiraivho, ine 16: 1 servo reshiyo, chero shanduko munzira yemavhiri e14-inch inofanirwa kuziviswa pamberi kuitira kuti 4,61-mita coupe ikwanise kusvika kwairi kuenda zvakajeka uye zvakajeka.

Yakabatanidzwa neBMW

Mushure mezvose, Commodore yakafanana nemukaka unopisa neuchi, asi wakashandiswa mugirazi dzvuku rakajeka. Uye kana ukada cocktail yevodka neRed Bull, BMW 2002 ti rally version iripo. Mune modhi ine zvigaro zviviri ine mafender akafara, Achim Wormbold uye co-mutyairi John Davenport vakapedza mwaka wechi72 nekuhwina kuRally Portugal. Nhasi, injini yemotokari uye injinjini yekuongorora mitambo Otto Rupp anoita sekunge ashandurwa kuita chigaro cha1969 Rauno Altonen. Uye kwete nekuti yakafararira kwaari. "Hazvina basa kuti BMW inobva kupi - kuwirirana pakati pechasi, kutapurirana nemabhureki kunogara kuri pedyo nekukwana," akadaro Rupp.

Zvakanyanya kunaka - matai emitambo ane isingawanzo kutsika magirovha haadi kupisa kazhinji mumigwagwa yakavharwa zvishoma nechando chekutanga. Kakawanda, chikamu chemashure chinoshanda, kubva kune iyo dhiraivha ine simba rinenge 190 hp inoshanda. inonyora chishuwo chemutyairi wendege kuti akurumidze. Kana tikadaidza injini yekuchinja shanduko, zvingave zvisina kufanira understatement - zviri nani kutaura nezve dhizaini nyowani. Nekuti munguva yakapfuura, Alpina akadzoreredza crankshaft, akarerutsa matanda ekubatanidza, akawedzera chiyero chekumanikidza, akawedzera dhayamita yevhavha uye akaisa camshaft ine kona yekuvhura ye300 madhigirii - uye izvi zvese, sezvatatotaura, nezvimwe. . Kunyangwe pa3000 rpm, injini yechina-cylinder inotanga kugwedeka uye kurira senge chainsaw inozvibata, uye pa6000 rpm inoita sekunge boka rese rekutema matanda rinobatanidzwa.

Panguva ino, mutyairi akanga atokanganwa kuti giya rekutanga rakashandura kuruboshwe uye mberi, sezvainofanira kunge iri mumutambo chaiwo wekufambisa. Panguva iyoyo, tsananguro ye "sport" zvakare yaireva nezvekuwedzera basa, izvo zvinoda simba rakakura kuti uende munzira yaunoda. Zvakadini nokutama kwake? Muchidimbu, kungofanana neshoko pacharo. Shamwari Rupp ichokwadi kuti iyi BMW yakakwana. Pamwe pamwe nekupisa kweasphalt, matai uye injini zvinowedzera hushingi hwekufambisa nzvimbo dzekumisa uye vhiri rekufambisa padyo nemakona. Mapedals anowanikwa zviri nyore munzvimbo yakatwasuka uye anobvumira mavhiri ane ruzha epakati pegasi, kubva kune iyo miti yakakomberedza inorasa dzimwe tsono dzayo.

Nekurerekera kwepashure kushoma, BMW yesporty inobudikira kubva pakona, kutanga nebhatiri remagetsi ekuwedzera, uyezve neimwe muviri wakareba 4,23-mita. Iyo chassis, iyo yaive yakashongedzerwa yakazvimirira kumiswa kubva kufekitari, yaisada chero makuru einjini shanduko. Zvese zvinogadzirwa zvishoma denser, zvakanyanya kupikisa deformation, yakafara - uye wapedza. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kusangana nemugwagwa kunowedzera, uye kushaikwa kwesimba rekufambisa uye - mukana unowanzo furatirwa wemotokari dzakura - mbiru dzakatetepa dzedenga dzinobatsirawo mukukurumidza uye kwakaringana antics ine classic BMW.

Kubva pachiedza - murima reFord

Nekudaro, hapana yakadaro aquarium decoupling muFord RS200. Muchokwadi, hapana-yese-kutenderera maonero pano, kunyangwe gaka mubapiro rekumashure richiratidza kumwe kuedza kune mainjiniya. Asi mirira, isu tatova mumakore makumi masere ekutanga - nguva yeboka rinotyisa B. Kare ikako, vatyairi vendege vaifanira kufara kana vaigona kunyange kutarisa mberi kuburikidza nemhepo yakazara (muRS200 inobva kuSierra model) - izvi ndizvo. vagadziri vedhigirii vakakudza sei michina yavo yemitambo kuti vawane huremu hudiki uye panguva imwe chete simba guru.

Pamusoro pezvo, iyo inodzoreredzwa yekufambisa musimboti yakagadzirwa neaimbova mainjiniya mukuru wedhipatimendi remitambo reFord yakatungamira kune mamwe mapaundi, sezvo paidiwa madhiraivha maviri. Imwe inotungamira kubva kune iri pakati peinjini kuenda kune inotapurirana padivi peekisesi yekumberi, uye imwe inodzokera kumashure mavhiri. Sei zvese izvi? Zvinenge zvakakwana uremu kuenzana. Kusiyana neizvi, kugovera torque mune mbiri mbiri yekufambisa sisitimu ine matatu clutch-activated mutsauko ine kusimba kwakasimba pane yekumashure axle: 63 kusvika 47 muzana. Mutsanangudzo pfupi yekutanga iyi, nzvimbo yenzira yemagetsi inoita sediki, asi mukati memukati yakanyanyisa. Tsoka dzangu dzinofanirwa kudzvanya mapedal matatu mugomba zvinoita kuti guta ritaridzike rakakura zvichienzaniswa nezvandaizoita kana ndakapfeka bhutsu nhamba 46? Uye harisi zuva rega rega tsoka yako yekuruboshwe inowira pane yakadaro ceramic-simbi yekubatanidza inoda preheating yega yega tsandanyama.

Zvishoma nezvishoma, ndakakwanisa kuwana kutanga kwakanaka, uye nemhino, ruzha-ruzha rweinjini yekugadzira yakashandurwa zvisiri pamutemo, ina-cylinder turbo injini inotyaira mota yemitambo. Garrett turbocharger inosvina 1,8bhp kubva pa250-litre unit, asi simba iro risati ratomboonekwa, iyo mana-vharuvhu injini inofanira kutanga kukambaira ichibuda mune yakadzika turbo bore. Pazasi pe4000 rpm, iyo turbocharger yekumanikidza tsono inoshanduka zvishoma uye inosvika pakukosha kwakawanda kwe0,75 bar pamusoro peichi muganho. Peak torque ye280 Nm inowanikwa pa4500 rpm, uye inguva yekubata vhiri rekufambisa riri kuitwa neEscort XR3i. Servo gudzazwi? Hazvina maturo. Panyaya iyi, zvine musoro, mota inodzorwa neyekuwedzera chinongedzo, icho, zvisinei, pane yakaoma asphalt inogoneka chete pakumhanya kunoratidza kusununguka zvachose kumitemo yemugwagwa.

Kunze kwe clutch uye chidhiraivho, iyo shanu-speed transmission inodawo chimiro che toned, nekuti Sierra yepfupi bhora-ruoko inofamba nepakati senge simbi yesimbi kuburikidza nekongiri-yakaomeswa, hongu. Nekudaro, hazvitore nguva - semuenzaniso, ingobuda mumupata weStuttgart wokwira kumaodzanyemba kweBlack Forest - uye iyo RS200 ichawira pamwoyo wako, makumbo nemaoko. Kunyangwe kana uchityaira nemumatavern uko mataveni anopa nyama inonaka uye kumhanya kunogumira 30 km/h, modhi yeFord inotora zvinhu pasina kugunun’una. Handizvo here kuedza kwaanoita kukanganwa basa rake rinosiririsa muGroup B? Muna 1986, chigunwe chakadonha uye nhevedzano yakafa. Pakazosvika 1988, Ford yaitengesa mamwe maRS200 mashoma senzira ye140 mamaki.

Zvichakadaro, pamatanho epasi rose ehurongwa, Boka A riri kutoyedza kuchengetedza kufarira muWorld Championship; muna 1997, WRC yakaonekwa, uye iine Toyota Corolla. Injini yaro-litre turbo injini yakakweretwa kubva kuCelica, uye zvishoma chete zvakachinjwa. Semuenzaniso, inotonhorera mweya inotonhorera neyekuwedzera yekugeza mvura inofamba pamusoro peinjini yakananga munzira yekufema mweya kuseri kweiyo radiator grille. Nekuda kweizvi, kudziya kwemweya wekutora kwaifanira kudzikiswa negumi muzana. Nekudaro, nhoroondo haina chinyararire nezve dambudziko rekupisa mupfungwa dzaCarlos Sainz naLuis Moya, apo pamusangano "Britannia" muna1998, chikwata chimwe chete ichi chakabvisa mamita mazana mashanu mutsetse usati wapera ndokuramba kushanda zvakare, kudzivirira zita racho. Kuputika kwehasha kwandiri kwakarangarirwa kusvika nhasi.

Ruzha runotyisa muToyota WRC

Nekudaro, zita revanovaka rakahwinwa mwaka unotevera - Toyota isati yatarisa F1 gore rakapfuura pane zvakarongwa. Pamwe maJapan aida...? Iwe unofanirwa kuve, waigona - hazvina basa nhasi. Jochen Ubler, muedzi wedu wemusoro ane ruzivo mune zvemotorsports, achave wekutanga kuita zvivindi zvekupfuura nemusango nemabhatani madiki mumotokari iyi zvakadaro. Chokwadi, haateveri kugogodza kweIberia kwaMo (“mas! Mas! Mas!”), asi asingatyi anodzika mutsetse akananga kumhute inokambaira. Ruzha rwepombi yeBravura rwakarasika pane imwe nzvimbo musango, uye maminetsi mashoma gare gare muridzo wefivha wevhavhavhavha inozivisa kudzoka - uye kuti mota nemutyairi vatodziya - imwe neimwe zvakasiyana. "Ruzha rwuripo runotyisa - sekunge uchimhanyisa. Panguva imwecheteyo, inongokura zvakajairika kubva pa3500-6500 rpm, ”akazivisa Jochen uye, afadzwa zvikuru, akatora nhanho yekuzengurira kuenda ku2002.

Zvino ndini. Ini ndinodzvanya pane batira (iyo inoseka matatu-disc kabhoni chinhu), isunungure zvakanyatso nyatso uye utange kudhonza, asi zvirinani kwete kurega mota ichivhara. Ini ndinofuratira zvese zvinodzora uye switch dzakapararira pamhiri kwedhibhodhi sekunge kubva pakuputika. Akasiyana masisitimu eatatu akasiyana magetsi chitima musiyano? Zvichida mune humwe hupenyu hweramangwana.

Jochen akarurama, hongu. Iye zvino, netsono yetachometer ichipenya 3500, Toyota 1,2-tani inoita seichaputika uye inopwanya mavhiri ayo muasphalt. Ini neshungu ndakanyura pashift lever, uye pane ruzha runoratidza kuti rinotevera giya riri kuitwa. Uye ini ndinofanira kuenda kumusoro chaiko. Zvakadini nemabhureki? Kufanana neclutch isina chero kuseka, havasati vasvika tembiricha yekushandisa, saka vanoshamisika nechero chiitiko. Unofanira kuedza dzimwe nguva. Panguva imwecheteyo, ipa imwe volley kubva mubhokisi regiya, kurumidza kudzvanya gasi zvakare - iyo mbiri giya ichashanda neimwe nzira. Mugumo wekumashure unodedera zvishoma, nzeve dzangu dzinorira uye dzinotinhira, kutapurirana uye mutsauko unoimba, injini inoridza mhere - ikozvino ini handidi kungovhiringidzwa. Zvekureva: tichiri munzvimbo yekumhanyisa inobvumidzwa nemirairo. Ko iro gehena rinonzwika sei nekukurumidza kana ukanzwa kuridza kwematombo pamusoro pemapapiro asina mashizha?

Ndatanga kunzwira Queen tsitsi. Hapana imwe motokari muquintet inomanikidzwa kuratidza kugadzikana kwakadaro, grit uye grit - kwete kunyange Ford ine hasha. Vese vashanu vatori vechikamu rwendo vakapaka kure kupfuura zvakajairwa - rombo rakanaka kwatiri, zvikasadaro apa taifanira kutaura nezve masystem ekubatsira mutyairi, infotainment masisitimu uye kushandiswa kwemafuta. Pane kudaro, mukufara kwekusimbisa kusingaenzaniswi pachiitiko chekutyaira chisina mhosva, tinoisa zvigunwe zvedu. Chete mukati, hongu, nekuda kwekurambidzwa kwechiratidzo.

Musoro: Jens Drale

Mufananidzo: Hans-Dieter Zeifert