Zviratidzo zvekufambisa uye zvekuita

Iyo gearbox chikamu chakakosha chekufambisa kwemotokari. Inoshanda mune inogara ichiremerwa modhi, ichiendesa torque kubva injini kuenda kune axle shafts kana cardan shaft. Iyo gearbox inzira yakaoma inoda kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa panguva. Nekufamba kwenguva, kutapurirana kunopera, zvikamu zvega uye zvikamu zvinotadza, sekutsanangurwa pazasi.

Chii chinonzi kufambisa mota?

Iko kufambisa iboka rezvinhu zvakaomarara uye magungano anotumira nekuparadzira torque kune anotyaira mavhiri kubva kuinjini. Kutapurirana kunoita chikamu chakakosha mukutapurirana. Kana iro giya rinokundikana, mota inogona kumisa kutyaira mune chero giya, kana kutomira kutyaira. 

Iyo gearbox ine dombo, iyo, kuburikidza nemaforogo, inofambisa mabheji, ichichinja magiya. 

Zviratidzo zvekutapurirana zvisirizvo

Unogona kuziva nezve kusashanda zvakanaka kwegearbox nezviratidzo zvinotevera:

• giya richichinja nekuoma
• kutadza kudzikisira kekutanga
• kufambisa kunozvivharira
• kuwedzera ruzha (hunhu kuungudza) kana uchimhanyisa;
• mafuta ari kubuda kubva pasi pekutapurirana.

Zviratidzo zviri pamusoro zvinoda kupindira nekukasira, zvikasadaro pane njodzi yekukundikana kwechikwata chose. 

Iko kusakosha kukuru kwekutapurirana kwemaoko uye zvikonzero zvavo

Rondedzero yezvakawanda zvinokanganisa:

 Kutapurirana hakuna kuiswa. Pane zvikonzero zvinoverengeka zveizvi:

• huwandu hwemafuta husina kukwana;
• kufambisa mafuta kwarasikirwa nehunhu hwayo, hakuderedze kukakavara uye hakubvise kupisa kwakaringana;
• dombo kana tambo yegiya yasakara (dombo rakasununguka, tambo yakatambanudzwa);
• huwandu hwe synchronizer

 Kuwedzera kwekushandisa ruzha. Zvikonzero:

• kupfeka kwekutakura kwepuraimari yekutanga kana yechipiri;
• pfeka pameno egear block;
• kusabatana kwakakwana pakati pemagiya.

 Inogogodza kutapurirana. Kazhinji anogogodza 2 uye 3 giya, ndeavo anowanzo shandiswa nemadriver mune yeguta mode. Zvikonzero:

• kupfeka kwema synchronizers;
• kupfeka kwema synchronizer coupling;
• kutadza kweiyo giya yekusarudza michina kana yekumashure.

 Iyo giya inonetsa kuvhura (iwe unofanirwa kutsvaga iyo inodiwa giya):

• kupfeka kwechikuva.

Kuvuza uye kwakadzika mazinga ekushandisa mvura

Chinyorwa chinotapurirana chine hushoma hwemafuta maviri ezvisimbiso - kune iyo yekuisa shaft uye yechipiri, kana kune ekisero miseve. Zvakare, mutumbi unogona kuve nezvikamu zviviri, pamwe nhovo, iyo yakavharwa nechisimbiso kana gasket. Munguva yekushanda kwegearbox, zvisimbiso zvemafuta zvinokundikana nekuda kwekudengenyeka kwemashafuti, ayo anozunguzika kubva pakutakura. Kuchembera kwechisikigo (chisimbiso chemafuta chinozosvinwa) chimwewo chezvikonzero nei oiri ichidonha. 

Kazhinji, oiri inoyerera ichibva pasi peguruva, chikonzero cheizvi inogona kunge iri ndege isina kuenzana pani yegiya, kupfeka gasket uye chisimbiso. Zvichienderana nekuoma kwedambudziko, mafuta anogona kutora makore kana makore akati wandei. Sezvo mune akawanda manyorerwo anotumirwa, iwo oiri chikamu hachipfuuri 2 litita, kurasikirwa kwe300-500 gramu kunokanganisa zvakanyanya zviwanikwa zvekukwiza zvinhu. Kana iro giya rinopa chitupa, izvi zvinofambisa maitiro ekutonga.

Solenoid kusashanda

Dambudziko nemasolenoid anoitika pane robotic uye otomatiki kutumira. Iyo solenoid inoshanda kudzora kuyerera kwekutapudza oiri, ndokuti, inodzora iyo gearbox inoshanda mode. Kana paine kushomeka kwekutapudza oiri, mune ino kesi ATF, iyo solenoids inotanga kushanda zvisirizvo, zvichimutsa isingachinjike giya shanduko. Kubva pano, shanduko yegiya repamusoro inofambiswa nejeki dzakapinza uye masiraidhi, uye uku ndiko kupfeka kwekutanga kweiyo batira pack uye kusvibiswa kwemafuta. 

Clutch matambudziko

Chikonzero chakanyanya kukonzera matambudziko egearbox ndeye clutch. Yakajairwa batira ine dengu, inotyairwa disc uye kusunungura inobereka. Iyo yekuburitsa inoburitsa yakamanikidzwa neforogo, iyo inomanikidzwa neinjini kuburikidza netambo kana hydraulic cylinder. Iyo clutch inodonhedza iyo gearbox uye yeinjini yemoto yemukati kugonesa giya inofamba Clutch malfunctions anoita kuti zviome kana kusakwanisika kuchinja:

• kupfeka kweiyo disc inotyairwa, zvinoreva kuti nhambwe iri pakati peflywheel nebhasikiti ishoma, giya rinoshanduka neruzha rwekugaya;
• kutyora kwekusunungurwa kutakura
• irikudonhedza batira tenzi kana muranda silinda
• kutambanudza tambo yekubatira.

Chiratidzo chikuru chekuti clutch pack inoda kutsiviwa ndechekuti mota inotanga kubva 1500 rpm uye pamusoro.

Mune otomatiki hutachiwana, batira inoridzwa neiyo torque inoshandura, iyo ine batira package. Iyo gasi turbine injini yakaiswa mafuta, asi kupinza kumhanyisa, kutsvedza, huwandu husina kukwana hwemafuta uye kusvibiswa kwayo kunopfupisa sosi ye "donut", nepo kuchinja kwegear mukutenderera otomatiki kuchidzikira.

Worn tsono mabheyaringi

Iyo magiya pane inobuda mugodhi wekushambadzira kwemaoko akaiswa pane tsono mabheyaringi. Ivo vanoshanda kuve nechokwadi chekuenzanirana kwemiseve nemagiya. Pane izvi zvinotakura, giya rinotenderera risina kuendesa torque. Tsono mabheyaringi kugadzirisa matambudziko maviri: ivo vanorerutsa dhizaini yegiya uye vanopa axial kufamba kweiyo batira kuti iite giya.

Kurudziro yekushanda uye kugadzirisa kweyekufambisa kutapudza

1. Chikamu chemafuta chinofanirwa kutevedzera kurudziro yefekitori. Chinhu chikuru hachisi chekuzadza mafuta, kana zvisina kudaro inozosvinirwa kunze kuburikidza nezvisimbiso zvemafuta.
2. Kunyangwe kana iye mugadziri akataura kuti pane mafuta akakwana mubhokisi regear kwehupenyu hwese hwebasa. Kana iwe ukatevera izvi kurudziro, kufambisa kwako kunobva kwakundikana pakarepo Kune echinyorwa transmissions, iyo oiri shanduko yenguva ndeye 80-100 zviuru zvemakiromita, zve otomatiki kutumira kubva ku30 kusvika 70 zviuru zvemakiromita.
3. Chinja batira munguva, zvikasadaro kusvina kusakwana kuchamutsa kupfeka kwekutanga kwema synchronizers.
4. Pakuratidzwa kudiki kweiyo gearbox kusashanda, bata mota mota nenzira yakakodzera.
5. Teerera kune iyo gearbox inokwira, kana yapfekwa, iko kufambisa kucha "dangle" uye magiya achabatanidzwa zvakasimba uye akaregedzerwa pakarepo.
6. Yakakodzera nguva kuongororwa ndiyo kiyi yekusimba kwechikwata.
7. Maitiro ane mwero ekutyaira pasina kutsvedza achabvumira cheki yekutarisa kuti igare kwenguva yakatarwa.
8. Ingoita uye ubvise magiya neiyo clutch yakaora mwoyo. 

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ko kusashanda zvakanaka kwekutapurirana kunozviratidza sei? Mune mechanics, izvi zvinowanzoperekedzwa nekunetseka nekuchinja uye kugaya / kugaya kana uchichinja. Automatic transmissions vane zviratidzo zvavo zvekusashanda, zvichienderana nerudzi rwechikwata.

Chii kazhinji chinoputsika mune otomatiki kutapurirana? Lever rocker, kupfeka kwezvisimbiso (kudonha kwemafuta, iyo torque converter haishande nemazvo), kusashanda muchikamu chekutonga. Kuparara kweiyo torque inoshandura mushure mekutakura pasina preheating.

Sei gearbox rakamira kushanda? Iyo yedhiraivha yepombi yemafuta yatsemuka, mwero wemafuta wakadzikira, clutch yasakara (pane mechanic kana robhoti), sensor haina kurongeka (semuenzaniso, datya haribatire taillight - iyo bhokisi harizobviswe panzvimbo yekupaka).