Steering knuckle - mudziyo, kusashanda, kutsiva

Mudziyo wemotokari ipi neipi yemazuva ano unosanganisira chikamu chakadai sechibhakera. Zvakaoma kune vamwe kuti zviitwe neimwe mota sisitimu, sezvo chikamu ichi chichiita mamwe mabasa enzira dzinoverengeka.

Ngatikurukurei zvakadzama kuti ndechipi chinhu chechinhu, isu tichataura pamusoro pemhando yechikamu, pamwe nesisitimu yekumisikidza pazvinenge zvichidiwa.

Chii chinonzi steering knuckle

Tinogona kutaura zvakachengeteka kuti chibhakera chiitiko chakasiyana-siyana. Iyo yakaisirwa panosangana masystem akati wandei, ndosaka paine kunetseka nekupatsanurwa: kune yakasarudzika system ino chinhu.

Inobata chikamu chekutyaira, vhiri hub, kuvhunduka absorber strut uye mimwe michina (semuenzaniso, mabhureki zvinhu). Nechikonzero ichi, chibhakera ndiyo nzira iyo data rehurongwa rakabatanidzwa uye kuwiriraniswa. Sezvo paine mutoro wakakomba pachikamu ichi, unogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakaomarara.

Vamwe vagadziri vanoshandisa yakakwirira alloy simbi yezvigadzirwa zvavo, nepo vamwe vachishandisa cast iron. Chimwe chiitiko chekusimudza knuckle ndeye chaiyo yakanyatsoita chimiro chejometri. Maumbirwo emhata anogona kunge akasiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nerudzi rwekumiswa uye kudhiraivha.

Chii chinonzi rova ​​rova?

Zita iro pacharo rinoreva chimwe chezvinangwa zvekuisa chikamu ichi mumota - kuona kutenderera kwemavhiri epamberi. Kana mota iri kumashure-vhiri rekutyaira, ipapo chibhakera chichava nechinhu chakareruka.

Izvo zvakanyanya kuomarara kupa mukana wevhiri rekutyaira, nekuti mukuwedzera pakushandura trajectory, torque kubva mukutapurirana inofanirwa kuiswa kune yayo hub. Kuvapo kwedonhwe rakagadzirisa matambudziko akati wandei panguva imwe chete:

• Inopa kugadzikana kwekugadzika kwenzvimbo inotenderera, pane iro vhiri rekutya rakagadziriswa;
• Zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kubatanidza chinotenderera vhiri kwete chete kuti hutachiwana, asiwo kuturika. Semuenzaniso, muMcPherson nadzurudzo (chishandiso chakakurukurwa kumberi) iyo yekuvhuvha inovhara strut yemota zhinji yakaiswa pane ino chaiyo chikamu;
• Inobvumira iyo yuniti kutendeuka isingarasikirwe nesimba sezvo vhiri rinotenderera uye kumisa contractions pakukwira.

Kutenda kumabasa akadaro, chibhakera chinoonekwa sechinhu chakatsigira mukisi uye neactuator yekufambisa mota. Kuwedzera kune akanyorwa mabasa, zvimwe zvikamu zvebraking system zvakasungirirwa pachigunwe.

Kana chikamu chikagadzirwa nezvikanganiso zvejometri, mamwe masisitimu anogona kukurumidza kutadza.

Chikamu chekusiya chiri mubvunzo chinoshandiswa kumberi ekisero. Dzimwe nguva zvinodaidzwa kunzi senge kumashure vhiri hub hub. Ivo vane dhizaini yakafanana, chete mune yechipiri kesi, chikamu hachipe kugona kutenderera, saka haigone kunzi rotary.

Pfungwa yekushanda

Kuita kuti kumiswa kwacho kushande nechibhakera, maburi anogadzirwa muchibhakera chekumisa lever (pazasi) uye absorber yekuvhunduka (pamusoro). Chimiro chakabatanidzwa neyakajairwa bhaudhi kubatana, asi lever iri kuburikidza nebhora rakabatana. Chinhu ichi chinobvumira mavhiri kutendeuka.

Iyo steering system (kureva iyo tambo tsvimbo) inozosungirirwawo nezvidimbu zvebhora (inonzi tie timbo inopera).

Kuchengetedza kutenderera kwemavhiri ekufambisa, inotakura (yekumashure-vhiri yekutyaira mota) kana CV yekubatana (yekumberi-vhiri yekutyaira mota) inoiswa mune yekutyaira knuckle.

Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu munzira, iyo yekukwesha knuckle inogona panguva imwechete kupa kutenderera kwevhiri, kunyorova kwayo, uye kuendesa kwetoriki kumahodhi ekutyaira.

Nezve mashandiro ese masisitimu ari panzvimbo, ona vhidhiyo inotevera zvichienderana nekutarisisa kumiswa kwemota:

General mota yekumisa mudziyo. 3D mifananidzo.

Mudziyo uye mhando

Vagadziri vanoshandisa masisitimu akasarudzika mumotokari dzavo, saka chimiro chemabhaudhi ekufambisa anosiyanawo. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chekutanga nei uchifanira kusarudza chikamu zvinoenderana nekugadzirwa kwemotokari. Iyo VIN kodhi inobatsira mukutsvaga, iyo inoratidza maficha eimwe mota (yemabatiro ekududzira ese mavara, verenga Chitsauko chakaparadzana).

Kunyangwe kupesana kudiki kunogona kuita kuti zviome kuisa chikamu, kana kushanda kwemaitiro. Semuenzaniso, nekuda kwekusunga zvisina kukodzera, tai tsvimbo haizokwanisa kutenderedza vhiri zvizere, nekuti bhora rave pakona isiriyo, nezvimwe.

Zviri pamusoro gozvo knuckle kwakabatanidzwa mimwe michina, somuenzaniso, akamedura calipers, uye sensors.

Chingave chikanganiso kufunga kuti mugadziri anoshandisa zvakafanana dhizaini yezvikamu izvi mumotokari dzese mune yemhando renji. Semuenzaniso, kana mugadziri akatanga chirongwa che restyling (nezve zvazviri uye nei ma automaker achizviita, verenga pano), mainjiniya anogona kushandura dhizaini yechikamu kuti zvikwanisike kukwirisa sensor pairi, iyo yanga isiri mune pre-yakanyorwa vhezheni.

Kukanganiswa uye zvinogona kuitika zviratidzo

Pane zviratidzo zvinoverengeka izvo mutyairi anogona kuona kuti pane dambudziko neshinda yekukwasva. Heano zvimwe zviratidzo:

• Kana uchityaira munzira yakatwasuka, mota inodhonzwa kudivi. Mune ino kesi, iko kuenderana kunoongororwa kutanga kwezvose (maitiro maitiro anoitwa, verenga mune imwe ongororo). Kana dambudziko rikaramba riripo, dambudziko rinogona kunge riri muchibhakera;
• Iko kudhiraivha kwemavhiri kwadzikira zvakanyanya. Mune ino kesi, zvakakodzera kuti utarise bhora rakabatana kutanga;
• Vhiri rakabuda. Kazhinji kazhinji izvi zvinoitika nekuda kwekutadza kwebhora (chigunwe chakatemwa), asi izvi zvinowanzoitika kana ziso rekumisikidza gomo rakatyoka;
• Dzimba dzakatsemuka kana nzvimbo yakasakara inotakura nzvimbo. Izvi dzimwe nguva zvinoitika nekumisikidza kuverenga kwezvinhu zvechassis (iyo inotakurika yakamanikidzwa mukati kana mabhaudhi ari pairi vhiri haana kunyatso sungwa).

Kana zviri zvekuumbwa kwekutsemuka, mamwe makaniki emota anopa kudzoreredza chikamu - kuchisimbisa. Kana iyo yakasarudzika chikamu simbi, saka inofanira kudzoreredzwa. Kwakawanda kulaks kunoitwa nesimbi yakakandwa.

Kunyangwe kana iye welder akakwanisa kuviga kutsemuka, izvo zvinhu pachazvo zvinorasikirwa nemidziyo yayo panzvimbo yekugadzirisa. Chikamu chiri kusunganidzwa chinokurumidza kupaza pagomba rekutanga rakakomba.

Nezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza, kana paine chero hurema hunowanikwa, zviri nani kutsiva chikamu nechimwe chitsva. Izvi zvinoitwa sei, ona muenzaniso wemota chaiyo:

Swivel chibhakera Matiz: kubvisa-kuisa.

Sei kubvisa gozvo bhakoro?

Kugona kubvisa gozvo, uchafanirwa kubvisa zvinhu zvese zvakasungirirwa pairi. Maitiro acho anoitwa zvinotevera zvinotevera:

• Muchina unoiswa pajack kana kusungirirwa panosimudzwa;
• Tinosunungura vhiri rinoenderana;
• Bvisa iyo brake caliper;
• Bvisa iyo yekuvhuvha inokwenenzvera strut mount
• Isu tinodzvinyirira kunze kwetsvimbo yetayi tsvimbo. Kuti usazombochinje, zvingave zviri nani kuzvishongedza nechombo chakakosha;
• Bvisa shaft shaft kubva pahubhu;
• Tinosunungura maseru uye nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa, kana zviripo mumotokari. Mune ino kesi, zvingave zviri nani kuyeuka kuti chii chakabatanidzwa. Zvese zvaunoda kuti uite kutora pikicha pafoni yako;
• Bvisa chibhakera chaicho. Kuti uite izvi, shandisa chakapetwa sikurudhiraivha kuti ubatanidze iko kusimbisa kweyekuchengetedza ringi pane bhora rakabatana rakaiswa pazasi ruoko;
• Nhanho yekupedzisira kubvisa hub kubva pachibhakera (iyo yekuvhara nati haina kukamurwa), zvisati zvaitika izvo zvipenga zvisina kuvhurwa. Tevere, mabhaudhi evhiri anokwenenzverwa mukati, uye hub yacho inoburitswa kunze kubva kudivi rekumashure nekurohwa kwechiedza.

Tisati tasunungura mabhaudhi uye nzungu, zvakakosha kutevedzera musimboti wakapusa: kuitira kudzikisa kukanganisa pamucheto wevanochengeta, vanonatswa kubva kune tsvina uye ngura, vobva varapwa neinopinda mvura (semuenzaniso, WD-40).

Kudhiraivhi knuckle mutengo

Vagadziri vanogadzira zvigunha zvine mwero wakachengeteka wekuchengetedza. Nekudaro, chikamu chinotyoka chete pasi pemitoro yakawandisa, uye kupfeka kwechisikigo kunoitika zvishoma nezvishoma.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvikamu zvinoshandurwa sekiti. Kana zviri zvekutenderera, izvi hazvidiwe. Mari yechinhu ichi inobva pamadhora makumi mana kusvika pamadhora mazana mashanu. Iyi mhando yemitengo inokonzerwa nehunhu hweiyo modhi yemota uye mutemo wemitengo wemugadziri.

Mune ino kesi, mhando yechikamu ichi inowanzoenderana nemutengo. Nechikonzero ichi, zvirinani kupa sarudzo kune anozivikanwa mugadziri, kunyangwe kana zvigadzirwa zvaro zvisina kuisirwa muchikamu chezvinhu zvebhajeti.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Nderipi rimwe zita remubato wekutungamirira? Iri ndiro pini. Inonzi knuckle yekutungamirira nekuti inoita kuti vhiri ritenderere mundege yakachinjika.

Chii chinosanganisirwa mubato rekufambisa? Chinhu chimwe chete chakaumbwa. Zvichienderana nemuenzaniso (uye kunyangwe gore rekugadzira) remota, panogona kunge paine kuvhurwa kwakasiyana uye mapoinzi ekunamatira ezvikamu zvakakosha muchibhakera.

Chii chakasungirirwa pagumbo rekutungamirira? Iyo vhiri hubhu, ekumusoro uye yakaderera kumiswa maoko, chidhiraivho, mabhureki system zvinhu, vhiri rotation sensor inosungirirwa kune trunnion.