SDA RF 2020. Nhanganyaya.
1.1. Iyi Mitemo yeMugwagwa 2020** gadza yunifomu traffic order
muRussian Federation (RF). Mimwe mitemo ine chekuita nemigwagwa yemumugwagwa inofanirwa
kuva maererano nezvinodiwa neMitemo uye kwete kupokana nazvo.** Pano zvino inonzi Mitemo.
1.2. Iyo Mitemo inoshandisa anotevera ekutanga pfungwa uye mazwi:
"Motokari" - mugwagwa wakanyorwa nechiratidzo 5.1 ** uye kuva ne
mune imwe neimwe nzira yekufamba, nzira dzemigwagwa dzakaparadzaniswa kubva kune imwe neimwe neinoparadzanisa tambo (uye riini
kusavapo - fence yemugwagwa), pasina mharadzano pamwero wakafanana nemimwe migwagwa, njanji
kana nzira dzetiramu, nzira dzevanofamba netsoka kana bhasikoro.
** Pano nepasi, nhamba yezviratidzo zvemugwagwa inopiwa maererano neAppendix 1 (Zviratidzo zveMugwagwa).
“Chitima cheMugwagwa” - motokari yakabatanidzwa kune turera
(matrailer).
"Bhasikoro" - motokari, kunze kwewiricheya, iyo
ine mavhiri angangoita maviri uye kazhinji inofambiswa nesimba revanhu,
iri pamotokari iyi, kunyanya nenzira dzepedals kana mibato, uye inogona zvakare
iva nemota yemagetsi ine yakayerwa yakakura simba mune inoenderera inotakura modhi isingapfuuri
0,25 kW, inodzima otomatiki pakumhanya kwepamusoro pe25 km/h.
"mutyairi webhasikoro" - munhu anotyaira bhasikoro.
"Bike Lane" - yakarongeka yakaparadzaniswa nemugwagwa uye
sidewalk chinhu chemugwagwa (kana mugwagwa wakasiyana) wakagadzirirwa kufamba kwevatyairi nemabhasikoro
ine chiratidzo 4.4.1.
"Bicycle zone"
- nzvimbo inotarisirwa kufamba kwevatyairi vemabhasikoro, mavambo nemagumo ayo anoratidzwa maererano nezviratidzo 5.33.1 uye 5.34.1.
"Mutyairi" - munhu ari kutyaira motokari,
mutyairi anotungamira mhuka dzakatakura zvinhu, akatasva mhuka kana boka munzira. Murairidzi anobatwa somutyairi
kutyaira.
“Kumanikidzwa kumira” - kumisa kufamba kwemotokari
nekuda kwekutadza kushanda kwayo kwehunyanzvi kana njodzi yakagadzirwa nemutoro uri kutakurwa, mamiriro emutyairi
(mupfuuri) kana kuonekwa kwemhinganidzo panzira.
"Hybrid mota" - motokari isina
isingasviki maviri akasiyana emagetsi ekushandura (motor) uye maviri akasiyana
(pa-bhodhi) masisitimu ekuchengetedza magetsi ekugadzira magetsi
kufamba kwemotokari.
"Mugwagwa mukuru" - mugwagwa wakanyorwa nezviratidzo 2.1, 2.3.1 - 2.3.7 kana 5.1, maererano
hukama kune iri kuyambuka (yakatarisana), kana mugwagwa une nzvimbo yakaoma (asphalt uye simende kongiri,
zvinhu zvematombo nezvimwe zvakadaro) zvine chekuita nemugwagwa wevhu, kana chero mugwagwa une chekuita nekubuda
nzvimbo dzakapoteredza. Kuvapo kwenzvimbo pamugwagwa mudiki nekukurumidza pamberi pemharadzano ne
chifukidziro hachiiti kuti chienzane paukoshi neari pamharadzano.
"Mazuva Anomhanya Mwenje" - michina yekuvhenekesa yekunze inoitirwa
kuvandudza kuoneka kwemotokari inofamba pamberi panguva dzemasikati.
"Mugwagwa" - yakagadzirirwa kana kugadziridzwa uye inoshandiswa kufamba
motokari, chidimbu chenyika kana pamusoro pechivakwa chakagadzirwa. Mugwagwa unosanganisira
nzira imwe chete kana kupfuura, pamwe chete nematiramu, makwara, migwagwa uye mitsetse inopatsanura
kana iripo.
"Traffic" - seti yehukama hwemagariro hunomuka mukati
nzira yekufambisa vanhu nemidziyo ine kana isina mota mukati memigwagwa.
"Njodzi yemumugwagwa" - chiitiko chakaitika panguva yekuita
kufamba kwemotokari mumugwagwa uye nekubatanidzwa kwayo, umo vanhu vakaurayiwa kana kukuvadzwa,
mota, zvimiro, zvinotakura zvinhu zvakakuvadzwa kana kumwe kukuvadzwa kwezvinhu kunokonzerwa.
"Railroad kuyambuka" - mharadzano yemigwagwa nenjanji
padanho rimwe chete.
"Nzira mota" - motokari yevanhu vose
kushandiswa (bhazi, trolleybus, tram), yakagadzirirwa kutakura vanhu mumigwagwa uye kufamba
munzira yakatarwa ine nzvimbo dzakatarwa dzokumira.
"Mechanical mota" - motokari inotyairwa
inotyairwa neinjini. Izwi iri rinoshandawo kune chero matarakita nemichina inozvifambisa yega.
"Moped" - mota ine mavhiri maviri kana matatu,
iyo yakanyanya dhizaini yekumhanyisa iyo isingapfuuri 50 km / h, ine injini yemukati
kupisa nehuwandu hwekushanda husingapfuuri 50 cubic metres. cm, kana mota yemagetsi yakayerwa zvakanyanya
simba mukuenderera mberi mutoro modhi inopfuura 0,25 kW uye isingasviki 4 kW. Yakaenzana ne mopeds
quadricycles ane maitiro akafanana ehunyanzvi.
"Mudhudhudhu" - mota ine mavhiri maviri nedivi
ine kana isina turera, iyo injini inotamiswa iyo (munyaya yeinjini yekupisa yemukati)
inodarika 50 cubic metres cm kana iyo yakanyanya dhizaini yekumhanyisa (ine chero injini) inodarika 50 km / h. TO
Midhudhudhu inoonekwa sematatu, pamwe nema quadricycles ane chigaro chemudhudhudhu kana ma handlebars.
rudzi rwemudhudhudhu, ine huremu hwakadzikiswa husingapfuuri 400 kg (550 kg yekutakura
zvinoreva zvakagadzirirwa kutakura zvinhu) pasina kufunga nezvehuremu hwemabhatiri (munyaya yemagetsi
motokari), uye simba reinjini rinonyanya kushanda risingapfuuri 15 kW.
"Nzvimbo" - inzvimbo yakavakirwa ine masuo uye kubuda kubva
izvo zvinoratidzwa nezviratidzo 5.23.1 - 5.26.
“Kusaonekwa” - kuoneka kwemugwagwa kuri pasi pe300 m mumamiriro ezvinhu
mhute, mvura, kunaya kwechando nezvimwe zvakadaro, pamwe chete nekudoka.
"Kupfuura" - pamberi peimwe kana kupfuura mota,
yakabatana nekupinda munzira (parutivi rwenzira) yakanangana nekufamba kuri kuuya, uye
kunotevera kudzokera kumugwagwa wakambogarwa (padivi penzira).
“Mumugwagwa” - chinhu chemugwagwa chakatarisana nemugwagwa
padanho rimwechete nayo, inosiyana mumhando yekuvhara kana kujekeswa uchishandisa mamakisi 1.2
inoshandiswa kutyaira, kumira uye kupaka zvinoenderana neRoad Traffic Rules 2020 yeRussia (RF).
"Kudzidzira kutyaira" - mushandi anodzidzisa wesangano rinoita zviitwa zvekudzidzisa uye kuita zvekutanga hunyanzvi zvirongwa zvekudzidzisa vatyairi vemota dzemhando dzakakodzera zvikamu uye zvikamu zvidiki, vane hunyanzvi hunozadzisa zvinodiwa zvinotsanangurwa mumabhuku ereferensi, uye (kana) zviyero zvehunyanzvi (kana ), vachidzidzisa kutyaira motokari.
“Kudzidza Kutyaira” - munhu uyo, maererano nematanho akatarwa, anodzidziswa basa rakakodzera musangano rinoita zviitiko zvedzidzo uye rinoita zvekutanga zvirongwa zvekudzidzisa basa kune vatyairi vemota dzezvikamu zvakakosha uye zvikamu, ane hunyanzvi hwekutanga mukutyaira mota uye agona zvinodikanwa zveMitemo.
“Kuonekwa Kushoma” - kuoneka kwemutyairi wemugwagwa munzira
kufamba, kuganhurwa nenzvimbo, geometric parameters yemugwagwa, zvinomera,
zvivakwa, zvivakwa kana zvimwe zvinhu, kusanganisira mota.
"Ngozi kune traffic" - mamiriro ezvinhu akamuka panguva yemugwagwa
kufamba uko kuenderera mberi nekufamba munzira imwe chete uye nekumhanya kwakafanana kunogadzira njodzi
kuitika kwetsaona yemumugwagwa.
“Dangerous cargo” - zvinhu, zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa kubva kwavari, marara emaindasitiri nezvimwe
zviitiko zvehupfumi, izvo, nekuda kwezvinhu zvavo zvemukati, zvinogona kutyisidzira
hupenyu nehutano hwevanhu, kukuvadza nharaunda, kukuvadza kana kuparadza zvinhu.
"Advance" - kufamba kwemotokari nekumhanya kukuru kupfuura
kumhanya kwemotokari inopfuura.
“Kutakurwa kwakarongwa kweboka revana” - chekufambisa mubhazi kunze
motokari yenzira, boka revana revanhu 8 kana kupfuura, rakaitwa pasina ivo
vabereki kana vamwe vamiriri vemutemo.
"Yakarongeka convoy yekutakura" - boka revatatu kana kupfuura
mota dzinofamba dzakananga kuseri kweimwe mugwara mumwechete
kutyaira nemwenje wemberi nguva dzose, uchiperekedzwa nemotokari inotungamira ine maki
panzvimbo dzekunze dzine zvirongwa zvemavara akakosha uye zvaisanganisira mwenje unopenya
bhuruu uye mavara matsvuku.
"Yakarongwa tsoka mbiru" - boka revanhu, rakasarudzwa maererano nendima 4.2 yeMitemo, vachifamba pamwe chete mumugwagwa mune imwe.
nzira.
"Mira" - kumisa nemaune kufamba kwemotokari
kwemaminetsi anosvika mashanu, pamwe nekurebesa kana zvichidikanwa kukwira kana kuburuka vafambi kana
kutakura kana kuburutsa motokari.
"Safety Island" - chinhu chekugadzirisa mugwagwa,
kupatsanura nzira dzemotokari (kusanganisira nzira dzevatyairi vemabhasikoro),
pamwe nemigwagwa yetraffic uye tram tracks, yakagoverwa zvakarongwa
dombo remuchinjiko riri pamusoro penzira yengoro kana yakamaka
tekinoroji nzira dzetraffic manejimendi uye
yakagadzirirwa kumisa vanofamba netsoka kana vachiyambuka mugwagwa
migwagwa. Chitsuwa chekuchengetedza chinogona kusanganisira chikamu chemutsara wekuparadzanisa
mikoto ine muchinjiko wevanofamba netsoka.
"Paka (nzvimbo yekupaka)" - yakasarudzika uye ine
nzvimbo inodiwa yakashongedzerwa, iyo iriwo chikamu chemugwagwa mukuru uye
(kana) padyo nemugwagwa uye (kana) nzira, pfudzi, mhiri kana zambuko kana kuve chikamu che
pasi-overpass kana pasi-bhiriji nzvimbo, masikweya uye zvimwe zvinhu zvemugwagwa network, zvivakwa,
zvivakwa kana zvivakwa uye zvakaitirwa kupaka kwakarongeka kwemotokari nemubhadharo
hwaro kana pasina kubhadharisa mutero zvichienderana nechisarudzo chemuridzi kana mumwe muridzi wemugwagwa mukuru,
muridzi wenzvimbo yevhu kana muridzi wechikamu chinoenderana chechivakwa, chimiro kana chimiro.
"Passenger" - mumwe munhu asiri mutyairi ari mumotokari
(pairi), pamwe chete nemunhu anopinda (anogara) pamotokari kana kubuda
motokari (inobva pairi).
“Mhirizhonga” - nzvimbo yemharadzano, makutano kana mabanzu emigwagwa
nhanho imwe, inoganhurwa nemitsetse yekufungidzira inobatanidza zvakapesana, yakawanda
kutanga kwekukombama kwenzira dziri kure nepakati pemharadzano. Inobuda kubva
nzvimbo dzakapoteredza.
"Kuvakazve" - kusiya nzira yakagarwa kana mutsara wakagarwa nawo
kuchengetedza nzira yepakutanga yekufamba.
"Munhu anofamba netsoka" - munhu ari kunze kwemotokari mumugwagwa kana
munzira yevanofamba netsoka kana bhasikoro uye kusaita basa pazviri. Kubatwa sevanofamba netsoka
vanhu vanofamba newiricheya, kutyaira bhasikoro, moped, midhudhudhu, kutakura
masiraidhi, ngoro, mucheche kana mawiricheya, pamwe chete nevaya vanoshandisa roller skates kufamba,
scooters nemimwe michina yakafanana.
"Nzira yetsoka" - yakashongedzerwa kana kuchinjirwa kufamba
vanofamba netsoka chikamu chenyika kana pamusoro pechivakwa chakagadzirwa, chine chiratidzo 4.5.1.
"Pedestrian zone" - nzvimbo inoitirwa vanofamba netsoka,
mavambo nemagumo ayo anoratidzwa nezviratidzo 5.33 uye 5.34, zvichiteerana.
“Nzira yevanofamba netsoka nebhasikoro (nzira yevanofamba netsoka nebhasikoro)” -
chinhu chemugwagwa (kana mugwagwa wakaparadzana) wakaparadzaniswa nemugwagwa, wakagadzirirwa
kufamba kwakaparadzana kana kubatana kwevatyairi nemabhasikoro nevanofamba netsoka uye vakaiswa zviratidzo 4.5.2 - 4.5.7.
"Trafiki nzira" - chero mitsetse yakareba yemugwagwa,
ingave kana isina kucherechedzwa nemicherechedzo uye ine upamhi hwakakwana pakufamba kwemotokari mune imwe
row.
“Mukoto wevatyairi vemabhasikoro” - nzira yemugwagwa waida
для движения на велосипедах и мопедах, отделенная от остальной проезжей
zvidimbu zvine machira akachinjika uye akaiswa chiratidzo 5.14.2
"Advantage (kutanga)" - kodzero yekutanga kufamba mukati
gwara rakatarisirwa maererano nevamwe vashandisi vemugwagwa.
"Rega" - chinhu chakamira munzira (chakashata kana
motokari yakakuvadzwa, kukanganisa mumugwagwa, zvinhu zvekunze, nezvimwewo) zvisingabvumiri
ramba uchityaira munzira iyi.
Chimhingamupinyi hachizi traffic jam kana mota yakamira mugwara iri mukati
maererano nezvinodiwa neMitemo.
"Nzvimbo iri pedyo" - nzvimbo iri pedyo nepedyo
mugwagwa uye hauna kuitirwa kuburikidza nekufamba kwemotokari (yadhi, nzvimbo dzekugara,
nzvimbo dzekupaka, zviteshi zvepeturu, mabhizinesi, nezvimwewo). Traffic munharaunda yakatarisana inoitwa mukati
zvinoenderana neiyi Traffic Mitemo 2020.
"Trailer" - motokari isina kugadzirwa injini uye
chinangwa chekufamba pamwe chete nemotokari. Izwi rinowedzera
zvakare kune semi-trailer uye anoparadzira trailer.
"Nzira" - chinhu chemugwagwa chakagadzirirwa kufamba
mota dzisina track.
"Divider" - chinhu chemugwagwa, chakasimbiswa muchimiro uye
(kana) kushandisa mamakisi 1.2, kupatsanura nzira dziri padyo, pamwe chete nemugwagwa uye mataramu uye kwete.
chinangwa chekufamba uye kumira kwemotokari.
"Inobvumirwa uremu hwepamusoro" - uremu hwemotokari yakashongedzerwa
motokari ine zvinhu, mutyairi nevafambi, yakaiswa nemugadziri se
huwandu hunobvumirwa. Nokuda kwehuremu hwepamusoro hunobvumirwa hwekugadzirwa kwemotokari, kureva
yakabatanidzwa uye ichifamba sechikamu chimwe, huwandu hwehuwandu hunobvumirwa huwandu hwemotokari hunogamuchirwa
mari inosanganisirwa mukuumbwa.
"Adjuster" - munhu ane mvumo zvakafanira
kudzorwa kwetraffic kuburikidza nezviratidzo zvakatemwa neRoad Traffic Rules 2020 uye zvakananga
kuita mutemo wataurwa. Mutongi wemotokari anofanirwa kunge ari muyunifomu uye (kana) ave
chiratidzo chakasiyana uye midziyo. Vanodzora vanosanganisira mapurisa nemotokari dzemauto
kuongororwa, pamwe chete nevashandi vemabasa ekugadzirisa migwagwa, avo vari pabasa panzvimbo dzenjanji uye
kuyambuka zvikepe mukuita basa ravo repamutemo.
Maregulator anosanganisirawo vanhu vane mvumo kubva pakati pevashandi vemadhipatimendi ezvekufambisa vanoita mabasa ekuongorora, kuwedzera kuongorora, kuongororazve, kutarisa uye (kana) kubvunzurudza kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwezvifambiso, maererano nemutemo wetraffic pazvikamu zvemigwagwa mikuru zvakatemwa ne Chirevo cheHurumende yeRussian Federation. Federation yaChikunguru 18, 2016 Nha. yenzvimbo yekutakura, zvinova zvinhu zvekutakura zvinhu. "
"Pakapaka" - kumisa nemaune kufamba kwemotokari ye
nguva inodarika maminetsi mashanu nekuda kwezvikonzero zvisina chekuita nekukwira kana kuburuka kwevafambi kana kurodha kana
kuburitsa mota.
"Husiku" - nguva yenguva kubva pakupera kwemanheru kusvika
kutanga kworubvunzavaeni.
"Motokari" - mudziyo wakanangana nekufambisa
migwagwa yevanhu, zvinhu kana midziyo yakaiswa pairi.
"Pavement" - chinhu chemugwagwa chakagadzirirwa kufamba kwevanofamba netsoka uye
padyo nemugwagwa kana nzira yebhasikoro kana kupatsanurwa kubva pazviri nelawn.
"Ipa nzira (usapindira)" - chinodiwa chinoreva
mushandisi wemugwagwa haafaniri kutanga, kutangazve kana kuenderera mberi nekutyaira,
chero nzira, kana izvi zvingamanikidza vamwe vashandisi vemugwagwa vane hanya nazvo
mukana, shandura nzira kana kukurumidza.
"Mushandisi weMugwagwa" - munhu anogamuchira zvakananga
kutora chikamu muhurongwa hwekufamba semutyairi, anofamba netsoka, kana mutyairi wemotokari.
"bhazi rechikoro" - imotokari yakasarudzika (bhazi) inosangana nezvinodiwa zvemotokari dzekutakura vana dzakasimbiswa nemutemo wezvehunyanzvi regulation, uye ine kodzero yemuridzi kana neimwe nzira yepamutemo kusangano rechikoro chedzidzo kana chedzidzo.
"Mota yemagetsi" - motokari inotyairwa
chete mota yemagetsi uye inochajiswa kuburikidza
kunze tsime remagetsi.
1.3. Vashandisi vemigwagwa vanofanirwa kuziva uye kutevedzera zvinodiwa neMitemo inoshanda kwavari,
marobhoti, masaini uye mamark, pamwe nekutevedzera mirairo yevanodzora traffic vanoshanda mukati
mukati memiganhu yekodzero dzakapiwa kwavari uye kugadzirisa motokari nezviratidzo zvakasimbiswa.
1.4. Kurudyi traffic yemotokari inotangwa mumigwagwa.
1.5. Vanoshandisa migwagwa vanofanira kuita nenzira yekuti vasaisa pangozi
kufamba uye kusakonzera kukuvadza.
Izvo zvinorambidzwa kukuvadza kana kusvibisa nzvimbo dzemigwagwa, bvisa,
vhara, kukuvadzwa, kana kuisa zvisina mvumo zvikwangwani zvemumugwagwa, marobhoti uye dzimwe nzira dzehunyanzvi
kuronga traffic, kusiya zvinhu munzira izvo zvinokanganisa traffic. Munhu anokonzera kukanganisa
inosungirwa kutora matanho ose anobvira kuti aibvise, uye kana izvi zvisingakwanisi, zvino nenzira dzinowanikwa
kuona kuti vanoshandisa migwagwa vaziviswa nezvenjodzi yacho uye vamhan'are kumapurisa.
1.6. Vanhu vanotyora Mitemo 2020 vanosungirwa zvinoenderana nemutemo uripo.
