Haldex ese-vhiri dhiraivha batira
Zviri mukati
Ma automaker ari kuwedzera uye akawanda emagetsi zvigadzirwa kune chishandiso chemotokari yemazuva ano. Kuvandudza kwakadaro uye kutapurirana kwemotokari hakuna kupfuura. Zvemagetsi zvinobvumidza mashandiro uye masystem ese kuti ashande zvakanyanya uye kupindura nekukurumidza zvakanyanya pakushandura mamiriro ekushanda. Imotokari yakashongedzwa nemavhiri mana-dhiraivha ichave iine mashandiro ane basa rekuchinjisa chikamu che torque kune yechipiri ekisero, ichiita iyo inotungamira ekisero.
Zvichienderana nerudzi rwemotokari uye kuti mainjiniya vanogadzirisa sei dambudziko rekubatanidza mavhiri ese, kufambisa kunogona kuve nemusiyano wekuzvivhara (chii musiyano, uye chii chirevo chekushanda, chinotsanangurwa mune imwe wongororo) kana multi-plate clutch, iyo iwe yaunogona kuverenga nezvayo zvakasiyana... Mukutsanangurwa kwemhando yemavhiri ese emota, pfungwa yeiyo Haldex batira inogona kuvapo. Icho chikamu chepulagi-mune ese-vhiri dhiraivha system. Imwe yeanofananidza eiyo plug-mune ese-mavhiri ekutyaira mashandiro nekuda kwe otomatiki kusiyanisa kukiya - iro dhizaini inonzi Torsen (verenga nezve ino mashandiro pano). Asi nzira iyi ine nzira yakati siyanei yekushanda.
Ngatimbokurukurai chii chakakosha nezve ichi chikamu chekutapurirana, mashandiro ainoita, mhando dzipi dzekukanganisa dziripo, uyezve nzira yekusarudza chaiyo batira nyowani.
Chii chinonzi Haldex Coupling
Sezvatatoona, iyo Haldex batira chinhu chedrive system ine yechipiri ekisero (kumberi kana kumashure) iyo inogona kubatanidzwa, izvo zvinoita kuti muchina uve nemavhiri mana. Ichi chikamu chinoona kubatana kwakabatana kweiyo ekisero kana mavhiri makuru ekutyaira akatsvedza. Huwandu hwetoriki yakanangana nekuomerera kwekusungwa kwakasimba (dhisiki muchimiro chemushini).
Kazhinji, yakadaro sisitimu inoiswa pamota mune pamberi vhiri dhiraivhu. Kana mota ikarova nzvimbo isina kugadzikana, mugadziriro iyi, torque inopfuudzwa kumavhiri ekumashure. Mutyairi haadi kubatanidza mashandiro nekumisikidza chero sarudzo. Iyo chishandiso ine yemagetsi dhiraivha uye inokonzereswa pahwaro hwezviratidzo zvinotumirwa neiyo yekudzora yuniti unit. Iyo chaiyo dhizaini yemuchina yakaiswa mune yekumashure ekisero dzimba padhuze nemusiyano.
Iko kusarudzika kweichi chiitiko ndechekuti haina kuremadza zvachose axle yekumashure. Muchokwadi, kumashure-vhiri dhiraivhu rinoshanda kune imwe nhanho kunyangwe kana mavhiri epamberi aine yakanaka traction (mune iyo kesi, iyo axle ichiri kugamuchira inosvika gumi muzana yetorque).
Izvi zvinodikanwa kuitira kuti iyo sisitimu igare yakagadzirira kuendesa inodiwa nhamba yeNewtons / metres kumberi kwemotokari. Iko kugona kwekudzora mota uye ayo ekunze-munzira maitiro anoenderana nekukurumidza kwekuita kwevose-vhiri rekutyaira rinoita. Iko kumhanyisa kwemaitiro ehurongwa kunogona kudzivirira mamiriro ekukurumidzira kana kuita kuti kutyaira kuve nyore. Semuenzaniso, kutanga kwekufamba kwemota yakadai kunotsvedzerera kana uchienzaniswa neremberi-vhiri rekutyaira hama, uye torque inouya kubva kunhengo yemagetsi ichashandiswa nemazvo sezvinobvira.
Haldex V kubatanidza kuoneka
Iyo inoshanda zvakanyanya sisitimu kusvika parizvino iri yechishanu chizvarwa Haldex yekubatanidza. Mufananidzo uri pazasi unoratidza maitiro echinhu chitsva.
Zvichienzaniswa nechizvarwa chekare, shanduko iyi ine imwecheteyo yekushandisa musimboti. Icho chiito chinoitwa seinotevera. Kana ichivharira chikavhurwa (ichi chirevo chinowanzoitika, nekuti pano musiyano hauna kuvharidzirwa, asi madhiketi akaomeswa), dhisiki pakiti yakasungwa, uye torque inopfuudzwa kuburikidza napo nekuda kwesimba rakakura rinokakavara. Iyo hydraulic unit inoitisa mashandiro eiyo clutch drive, iyo inoshandisa pombi yemagetsi.
Tisati tafunga nezvechigadzirwa uye chii chakasarudzika mashandiro acho, ngatizivei nhoroondo yekusika kweiyi batira.
History tour
Kunyangwe chokwadi chekuti mashandiro eiyo Haldex batira haana kuchinja kweanopfuura makore gumi, panguva yese yekugadzira iyi nzira yakapfuura muzvizvarwa zvina. Nhasi pane shandurudzo yechishanu, iyo, zvinoenderana nevazhinji varidzi vemota, inoonekwa seyakanyanya kunaka pakati penzvimbo. Zvichienzaniswa neshanduro yapfuura, chizvarwa chega chega chinotevera chave kushanda zvakanyanya uye nehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi. Izvo zviyero zvechigadzirwa zvakave zvidiki, uye mhinduro yekumhanyisa yakawedzera.
Kugadzira mota dzine mbiri yekutyaira maingi, mainjiniya akagadzira nzira mbiri dzekushandisa kupindirana kwekutenderera kwetorque. Chekutanga chiri kuvharira, uye chechipiri chakasiyana. Mhinduro yakapusa yaive yekukiya, nerubatsiro rweiyo rwechipiri kutyaira ekisero rakabatana zvakasimba panguva chaiyo. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika munyaya yeterekta. Iyi mota inofanirwa kushanda zvakaenzana pamigwagwa yakaoma uye yakapfava. Izvi zvinodiwa nemamiriro ekushanda - tarakita inofanirwa kufamba zvakasununguka mumugwagwa weasphalt, uchisvika kunzvimbo yaunoda, asi nekubudirira kumwe chete kunofanirwa kukunda kunetseka kwekukanganisa-munzira, semuenzaniso, panguva yekurima munda.
Iwo maekisheni aive akabatanidzwa munzira dzinoverengeka. Zviri nyore kuita izvi neakasarudzika cam-mhando kana giya-mhando batira. Kuvhara mutyairi, zvaive zvakafanira kusudurura kukiya kuenda panzvimbo yakakodzera. Kusvika parizvino, pane chekufambisa chakafanana, nekuti iyi ndeimwe yemhando dzakareruka dzemapulagi-dhiraivha.
Izvo zvakanyanya kuomarara, asi pasina kubudirira kushoma, kubatanidza yechipiri axis uchishandisa otomatiki mashini kana viscous clutch. Muchiitiko chekutanga, iyo mashandiro anopindirana nemusiyano mukumukira kana torque pakati penzvimbo dzakabatana uye inovharidzira kutenderera kwemahara kwemiseve. Iwo ekutanga mabudiro aishandisa kufambisa kesi ne roller freewheel clutches. Pakatakura zvifambiso pakaoma pamusoro, muchina wakadzima bhiriji rimwe. Kana uchityaira mumigwagwa isina kugadzikana, batira yakavharwa.
Zvakaitika zvakafanana zvakashandiswa kare muma1950 muAmerica. Mukufambisa kwekumba, nzira dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dzakashandiswa. Chishandiso chavo chaisanganisira akavhura ratchet clutches yakavharwa kana mavhiri ekutyaira akarasa kusangana nemugwagwa wedenga uye akatsvedza. Asi pamitoro yakanyanyisa, kufambisa kwakadai kunogona kutambura zvakanyanya, nekuti panguva yekubatana kwakasimba kweiri-vhiri rekutyaira, ekisero yechipiri yaive yakazadzwa zvakanyanya.
Nokufamba kwenguva, viscous coupling yakaonekwa. Tsanangudzo nezvebasa ravo inotsanangurwa mune imwe chinyorwa... Rutsva, rwakabuda muma1980, rwakaratidza kuve rwakabudirira zvekuti nerubatsiro rwekubatanidza viscous zvaigona kuita chero mota-yemavhiri. Zvakanakira kukura uku zvinosanganisira kunyorovera kwekubatanidza ekisero yechipiri, uye kune izvi mutyairi haatombodi kumisa mota - maitiro anoitika otomatiki. Asi panguva imwechete neiyi mukana, hazvibviri kudzora iyo viscous coupling uchishandisa ECU. Chinhu chechipiri chakakosha chakashata ndechekuti mudziyo unopesana neABS system (verenga zvakawanda nezvazvo mune imwe ongororo).
Nekuuya kweiyo yakawanda-ndiro kukwesheni batira, mainjiniya vakakwanisa kuunza maitiro ekuti vagovanezve torque pakati pemakona kusvika padanho nyowani. Iyo yakasarudzika yeiyi michina ndeyekuti iyo nzira yese yesimba yekubvisa-kugovera kugovera inogona kugadziriswa zvinoenderana nemamiriro emugwagwa, uye izvi zvinogona kuitwa uchishandisa mirairo kubva kune yemagetsi control unit.
Iye zvino vhiri kutedzemuka haisi sarudzo inokatyamadza mukushanda kwemaitiro. Zvemagetsi zvinotarisa mashandiro einjini, nekumhanyisa kupi gearbox yakavhurwa, inorekodha zviratidzo kubva kune yekutsinhana mwero masensa uye mamwe masisitimu. Yese iyi data inoongororwa ne microprocessor, uye zvinoenderana nema algorithms akarongedzwa kufekitori, zvinotsanangurwa neicho chinomanikidza chinhu chekupokana chemuchina chinofanira kusvinwa. Izvi zvinoona kuti chiyero chipi icho torque ichagoverwa patsva pakati pemakona. Semuenzaniso, unofanirwa kusunda mota kana ikatanga kunamira nemavhiri epamberi, kana zvinopesana kudzivirira kuti kumashure isashande kana mota iri muchikanda.
Nheyo yekushanda kwechizvarwa chechishanu Haldex all-wheel drive (AWD) batira
Chizvarwa chazvino cheHaldex all-wheel drive clutch chikamu cheiyo 4Motion system. Asati maitiro aya, iyo viscous coupling yaishandiswa muhurongwa. Chinhu ichi chakaiswa mumuchina munzvimbo imwechete iyo iyo viscous coupling yakaiswa pamberi payo. Inofambiswa nekadhi shaft (kune rumwe ruzivo rwekuti ndedzipi chikamu chikamu uye mune masisitimu aanogona kushandiswa, verenga pano). Simba rekubvisa rinoitika zvichienderana neketani inotevera:
- ICE;
- PPC
- Main giya (pamberi ekisero);
- Cardan shaft;
- Haldex yekubatanidza yekuisa shaft.
Panguva ino, hitch yakaoma inokanganiswa uye hapana torque inoendeswa kumavhiri ekumashure (zvakanyatsoita, zvinoita, asi padiki padiki). Iyo inobuda mugodhi, yakabatana neshure rekumberi, inoramba iri isingashande. Iyo dhiraivha inotanga kushandura mavhiri ekumashure chete kana batira ikabata iyo disc pack inosanganisirwa mukugadzirwa kwayo.
Nenzira, mashandiro eHaldex coupling anogona kugoverwa kuita mashanu modes:
- Mota inotanga kufamba... Iyo clutch yekukweshera discs yakamanikidzwa uye torque inopihwa kumavhiri ekumashure futi. Kune izvi, zvemagetsi zvinovhara vharuvhu yekudzora, nekuda kwekuti kuwedzera kwemafuta muhurongwa kunowedzera, uko disc yega yega yakamanikidzwa yakakwikwidzana neyakavakidzana. Zvichienderana nesimba rinowanikwa pakutyaira, pamwe nezviratidzo zvinouya kubva kune akasiyana maseru, iyo inodzora unit inosarudza mune chiyero chipi chekuendesa torque kumashure kweshure kwemotokari. Iyi paramende inogona kusiyana kubva padiki kusvika pa100 muzana, iyo mune yekupedzisira kesi ichaita kuti mota yekumashure-vhiri dhiraivha kwechinguva.
- Kutsvedza kwemavhiri epamberi pakutanga kwekufamba... Panguva ino, chikamu cheAft chekutakura chinogashira simba rakanyanya, sezvo mavhiri epamberi arasikirwa neasina. Kana vhiri rimwe rakatsvedza, saka yakavhurwa elektroni yekuyera-ekisero yekusiyanisa (kana meanalog analogue, kana ino isiri mumota). Chete mushure mokunge batira yakavhurwa.
- Nguva dzose kutakura kumhanya... Iyo sisitimu yekudzora vharuvhu inovhura, oiri inomira ichiita pane iyo hydraulic drive, uye simba harichapiwi kumashure ekisero. Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu emumugwagwa uye mashandiro akaitwa nemutyairi (mumotokari zhinji nehurongwa uhwu, zvinokwanisika kusarudza nzira yekutyaira pamhando dzakasiyana dzemugwagwa), zvemagetsi zvinogovera simba kune imwe nhanho pamwe nemasanhu nekuvhura / kuvhara iyo hydraulic control valve.
- Kudzvanya pakumisa mabhureki uye kudzikisira mota... Panguva ino, vharuvhu ichave yakavhurika, uye simba rese rinoenda kumberi kwekutapurirana nekuda kwekuti zvikwambo zvinosunungurwa.
Kuti uvandudze pamberi-vhiri rekutyaira mota neiyi system, iwe uchafanirwa kuitisa hombe kugadzirisa yemota yako. Semuenzaniso, batira haizofambise torque isina kubatana kwepasirese. Kuti uite izvi, mota inofanirwa kuve nemugero kuitira kuti panguva yekutasva chikamu ichi chisanamatire pamugwagwa. Izvo zvinodawo kutsiva tangi remafuta neanalogog neyakajairika tanera tanera. Zvinoenderana neizvi, zvichave zvakafanira kuti uvandudze kumiswa kwemotokari. Nezvikonzero izvi, kumisikidzwa kwemavhiri ese pamberi-vhiri mota inoitwa kufekitori - zvinokwanisika kuita zvemazuva ano munzvimbo yegaraji, asi zvinotora nguva yakawanda nemari.
Heino tafura diki yekuti mashandiro eHaldex anoshanda sei munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekutyaira (kuwanikwa kwezvimwe sarudzo kunoenderana nemota yemota mairi plug-in ina-vhiri dhiraivha):
| Mamiriro: | Musiyano mukutendeuka kwemavhiri epamberi uye kumashure: | Inodikanwa simba chinhu kune yekumashure axle: | Batira kushanda mode: | Inouya pulses kubva kuma sensors: |
| Yakapakwa mota | Little | Minimum (yekutakudza kana kujekesa mabhaisikopo e disc) | Iko kumanikidza kwakawanda kunoitwa pane disc package, nekuda kwekuti ivo vanochengetwa vakamanikidzwa zvishoma vachipesana. | Injini kumhanya; Torque; Throttle vharafu kana gasi chinongedzo chinzvimbo; Wheel kumukira kubva kune rimwe vhiri (4 pcs.) |
| Mota iri kumhanyisa | Makuru | Makuru | Iko kumanikidza kwemafuta kunokwira mumutsara (dzimwe nguva kusvika pakakwirira) | Injini kumhanya; Torque; Throttle vharafu kana gasi chinongedzo chinzvimbo; Wheel kumukira kubva kune rimwe vhiri (4 pcs.) |
| Iyo mota iri kufamba nespeed | Minimum | Minimum | Iyo michina inogoneswa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu munzira uye inosanganisirwa modhiyo yekufambisa | Injini kumhanya; Torque; Throttle vharafu kana gasi chinongedzo chinzvimbo; Wheel kumukira kubva kune rimwe vhiri (4 pcs.) |
| Mota yakarova mugwagwa waive nemota | Inoshanduka kubva kudiki kusvika kune yakakura | Inoshanduka kubva kudiki kusvika kune yakakura | Iyo michina yakasungwa, musoro mumutsara unosvika pakukosha kwazvo | Injini kumhanya; Torque; Throttle vharafu kana gasi chinongedzo chinzvimbo; Wheel kumukira kubva kune rimwe vhiri (4 pcs.); Zvimwe zvinongedzo kuburikidza neCAN bhazi |
| Rimwe remavhiri ndere emergency | Pakati kusvika pakakura | Minimum | Inogona kunge isingashande kana kusashanda zvachose | Injini kumhanya; Torque; Throttle vharafu kana gasi chinongedzo chinzvimbo; Wheel kumukira kubva kune rimwe vhiri (4 pcs.); Zvimwe zvinongedzo kuburikidza neCAN bhazi; ABS unit |
| Mota inononoka | Pakati kusvika pakakura | - | Kushanda | Yekumhanyisa vhiri (4 pcs.); ABS unit; Brake chiratidzo switch |
| Mota irikudhonzwa | Высокая | - | Kuda kuri kushaya basa, iyo pombi haishande, batira harishande | Injini inomhanya pazasi pe400 rpm. |
| Diagnostics yeiyo brake system pane roller-mhando mira | Высокая | - | Kubatidza kwadzimwa, batira harishande, pombi haina kuburitsa kumanikidza kwemafuta | Injini inomhanya pazasi pe400 rpm. |
Mudziyo uye zvikamu zvikuru
Nenzira, iyo Haldex yekubatanidza dhizaini inogona kugoverwa mumapoka matatu:
- Zvokuimba;
- Hydraulic;
- Magetsi.
Chimwe nechimwe chezvikomba izvi chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana zvinoita zviito zvavo. Ngatitarisei chikamu chimwe nechimwe zvakasiyana.
Mechanics
Chinhu chinomakanika chine:
- Inzwa mugodhi;
- Kunze uye zvemukati zvinotyaira;
- Mahabhu;
- Roller inotsigira, mune chishandiso chine annular pistons;
- Output mugodhi.
Chikamu chega chega chinoita kudzosera kana kutenderera kufamba.
Mukuita kwekushanda kwemashure epamberi nepamberi aine ma shaft akamhanya zvakasiyana, ma disc ekunze, pamwe neimba, anotenderera pane roller roller akaiswa pane yakabuda mugodhi. Iwo maRoller ekutsigira ari kusangana neagumo chikamu chehubhu. Sezvo chikamu ichi chehubhu chiri chewavy, mabheyaringi anopa kudzokedzana kufamba kwepiston inotsvedza.
Iyo shaft inobuda pa clutch inoitirwa ma disc emukati. Iyo yakagadziriswa kune hub kuburikidza neyakaganhurirwa kubatana, uye inoumba imwechete chimiro ine giya. Pamusuwo weclutch pane imwechete dhizaini (muviri nema disc uye roller mabhegi), chete iyo yakagadzirirwa pasuru yekunze discs.
Munguva yekushanda kweiyo mashandiro, iyo inotsvedza pisitoni inofambisa mafuta kuburikidza neanowirirana makwara mukati mechipfuva cheanoshanda pisitoni, iyo inofamba kubva mukumanikidza, kumanikidza / kuwedzera discs. Izvi zvinopa kubatana kwemuchina pakati pemashure epamberi neshure, kana zvichidikanwa. Mutsetse wekumanikidza unogadziriswa nemavhavha.
Magetsi
Iyo yekushandisa yeiyo hydraulic unit yeiyo system inosanganisira:
- Pressure mavharuvhu;
- Dura umo mafuta ari pasi pekumanikidzwa (zvinoenderana nechizvarwa chekiki).
- Sefa yemafuta;
- Annular pisitoni;
- Kudzora vharuvhu;
- Kudzora vharuvhu.
Iyo hydraulic redunhu sisitimu inoitwa kana kumhanya kwesimba remagetsi kuchisvika mazana mana neminiti / min. Oiri inoputirwa kune iyo inotsvedza pisitoni. Zvinhu izvi zvinopihwa panguva imwe chete nemafuta anodikanwa uye anochengetwa zvine mutsindo kuzorwa nemuzinda.
Panguva imwecheteyo, girizi inopomberwa pasi pekumanikidza kuburikidza nemavharuvhu ekumanikidza kuenda kune yekumanikidza pisitoni. Iko kumhanya kweiyo batira kunosimbiswa nekuti izvo zvipenga pakati pechitubu-zvakatakurwa discs zvinobviswa nediki kumanikidza muiyo system. Iyi paramende inochengetwa padanho remabhawa mana nedura rakakosha (muunganidzi), asi mune kumwe kunatsurudzwa chikamu ichi hachipo. Zvakare, ichi chinhu chinovimbisa kufanana kwekumanikidza, kubvisa kumanikidza kwakawanda nekuda kwekudzorera mafambiro episton.
Iyo nguva iyo oiri inoyerera ichimanikidzwa kuburikidza nemavheji anotsvedza uye inopinda muvhavha yebasa, iyo clutch inomanikidzwa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, boka remadhisiki, rakasungirirwa pane yekuisa shaft, rinotumira torque kune yechipiri seti yemadhisiki, akagadzika pane inobuda mugodhi. Simba rekumanikidza, sezvatatoona, zvinoenderana nekumanikidzwa kwemafuta mumutsara.
Nepo vharuvhu yekudzora ichipa kuwedzera / kuderera mukumanikidza kwemafuta, chinangwa chevharuvhu yekumanikidza ndeyekudzivirira kuwedzera kwakanyanya mukumanikidza. Iyo inodzorwa nezviratidzo kubva mukutapurirana ECU. Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu mumugwagwa, izvo zvinoda simba rayo paashure yekumota yemota, vharuvhu yekudzora inovhura zvishoma kudururira mafuta muhombodo. Izvi zvinoita kuti batira ishandise zvakapfava sezvinobvira, uye kubatana kwayo kunokonzereswa munguva ipfupi, nekuti iyo sisitimu yose inodzorwa nemagetsi, uye kwete nemaitiro, senge mune musiyano wekukiya zvine hungwaru.
Electronics
Rondedzero yemagetsi emagetsi eiyo batira ine akawanda emagetsi sensors (huwandu hwayo hunotsamira pachigadzirwa chemotokari uye masisitimu akaiswa mukati mayo). Iyo Haldex clutch control unit inogona kugamuchira pulses kubva kune anotevera sensors:
- Gumbo rinotendeuka;
- Akaputsa hurongwa actuation;
- Maoko mabhureki emaoko;
- Exchange rate kudzikama;
- CHIKAMU;
- DPKV crankshaft;
- Tembiricha yemafuta;
- Gasi pedal nzvimbo.
Kukundikana kweimwe yema sensors kunotungamira mukusarudzika kugovera kwese-vhiri rekutyaira simba kusimudza pamwe nemasanhu. Zviratidzo zvese zvinogadziriswa neyakagadziriswa unit, mune mamwe maalgorithms anokonzereswa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, batira inongomira kupindura, nekuti microprocessor haigamuchire chiratidzo chinodikanwa kuti uone simba rekumanikidza.
Mune migero yeiyo hydraulic system pane inoyerera chikamu chidzvanyiriri chakabatana nevhavha yekudzora. Iyo pini diki, iyo chinzvimbo chinogadziriswa nemagetsi servo mota, ine mhando yekutsika yekushanda. Mudziyo wake une giya vhiri rakabatanidzwa nepini. Kana chiratidzo kubva kuchikamu chekutonga chichigamuchirwa, mota inosimudza / inoderedza iyo stem, nokudaro ichiwedzera kana kudzikisira chiteshi chikamu-chikamu. Iyi michina inodikanwa kudzivirira iyo inogadzirisa vharuvhu kubva mukurasa mafuta akawandisa mupani yemafuta.
Haldex yekubatanidza zvizvarwa
Tisati tarisa kune yega yega chizvarwa cheiyo Haldex batira, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti iyo plug-in-ese-vhiri dhiraivhu rakasiyana sei neyekusingaperi. Muchiitiko ichi, iyo yepakati kusiyanisa kukiya haina kushandiswa. Nechikonzero ichi, mumamiriro mazhinji ezvinhu, kutora simba kunoitwa nekamberi ekisero (ichi chiitiko chegadziriro yakashongedzwa neHalsex clutch). Mavhiri ekumashure akabatana chete kana zvichidikanwa.
Chizvarwa chekutanga che clutch chakaonekwa muna 1998. Iyi ndiyo yaive viscous sarudzo. Yekumashure-vhiri yekupindura mhinduro yakanangana nekumhanyisa kwepamberi vhiri slip. Kukanganisa kwekushandurwa uku ndekwekuti yakashanda pahwaro hwehunhu hwezvinhu zvemvura, izvo zvinoshandura kuwanda kwavo zvichienderana netembiricha kana huwandu hwezvikamu zvekutyaira zvikamu. Nekuda kweizvi, kubatana kwe ekisero yechipiri kwakaitika nekukasira, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukukurumidzira mumamiriro ezvinhu emugwagwa. Semuenzaniso, kana mota yapinda mukuchinjana, coupling viscous yaigona kushanda, izvo zvaive zvakaomera zvakanyanya vatyairi vazhinji.
Nechekare chizvarwa ichi chakagamuchira zvidiki zvinowedzerwa. Mimwe michina yemagetsi, yemagetsi, uye yemagetsi yakawedzerwa kuvandudza kudzora kwekushandisa kwechigadzirwa.
- ECU;
- Pombi yemagetsi;
- Magetsi emagetsi;
- Solenoid vharafu;
- Stupica;
- Flange;
- Hydraulic blower;
- Kukakavara pamusoro discs;
- Drum.
Anodzivirira hydraulic pombi mashini - inogadzira kumanikidza kuita pane humburumbira, iyo yakatsimbirira ma discs ichipesana. Kuita kuti ma hydraulic ashande nekukurumidza, mota yemagetsi yakaiswa mukati kuti ibatsire. Iyo solenoid vharuvhu yaive nebasa rekudzora yakawandisa kumanikidza, nekuda kwekuti iwo ma disc aive asina kuvharwa.
Chizvarwa chechipiri checlutch chakaonekwa muna 2002. Pane misiyano mishoma pakati pezvinhu zvitsva uye neshanduro yapfuura. Chinhu choga, batira ichi chakabatanidzwa neyekumashure kusiyanisa. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kugadzirisa. Panzvimbo pevharuvhu yemagetsi, mugadziri akaisa analogue ye electro-hydraulic. Chigadzirwa chinoitwa chakareruka nezvikamu zvishoma. Mukuwedzera, pombi yemagetsi yakashandiswa zvakanyanya pombi yemagetsi, nekuda kweizvozvo yaisada kugara ichitarisirwa (inokwanisa kurarama nemafuta mazhinji).
Chizvarwa chechitatu cheHaldex chakagamuchira zvakagadziriswa zvakafanana. Hapana chinhu chakakosha: iyo sisitimu yakatanga kushanda zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuisirwa kwepombi yemagetsi inoshanda nemagetsi-e hydraulic vharuvhu. Kuvharwa kwakakwana kweiyo michina kwakaitika mukati me150ms. Iko kushandurwa kunowanzo kutaurwa mune zvinyorwa sePREX.
Muna 2007, chizvarwa chechina che plug-in-all-wheel drive clutch chakaonekwa. Panguva ino, mugadziri akanyatsogadzirisa chimiro chemuchina. Nekuda kweizvi, basa rayo rakawedzeredzwa, uye kuvimbika kwaro kwakawedzera. Iko kushandiswa kwezvimwe zvinhu kwakanyatso bvisa maalarm enhema ekutyaira.
Shanduko huru muhurongwa dzinosanganisira:
- Kushaikwa kwekuvharira kwakasimba kunoenderana chete nemusiyano mukutenderera kwemavhiri epamberi neshure;
- Kugadziriswa kwebasa kunoitwa zvizere nemagetsi;
- Panzvimbo pe hydraulic pombi, inoiswa analogue yemagetsi ine yakakwira kuita;
- Yakazara yekumhanyisa kumhanya yakaderedzwa zvakanyanya;
- Nekuda kwekuisirwa kwemagetsi ekudzora yuniti unit, iyo simba rekutora-kuendesa patsva rakatanga kugadziridzwa zvakanyatsonaka uye zvakanaka.
Nekudaro, zvemagetsi mune iyi nadzurudzo zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kudzivirira kutsvedza kunogoneka kwemavhiri epamberi, semuenzaniso, kana mutyairi achimanikidza zvakanyanya kukurumidza kwekuwedzera. Batira rakavhurwa nezviratidzo kubva kuABS system. Iko kusarudzika kwechizvarwa ichi ndechekuti yaive zvino yagadzirirwa chete mota dzakashongedzerwa neESP system.
Chazvino, chechishanu, chizvarwa (chakagadzirwa kubva muna 2012) cheHaldex coupling chakagamuchira zvigadziriso, nekuda kwekuti mugadziri akakwanisa kudzikisa kukura kwechigadzirwa, asi panguva imwechete ichiwedzera mashandiro ayo. Heano mamwe ekuchinja akanganisa maitiro aya:
- Muchimiro, firita yemafuta, vharafu iyo inodzora kuvhara kwedunhu, uye dura rekuunganidza oiri pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakabviswa;
- ECU yakavandudzwa, pamwe nepombi yemagetsi;
- Makwara emafuta akaonekwa mukugadzirwa, pamwe nevhavha inobvisa kumanikidza kwakanyanya muhurongwa;
- Mutumbi wechigadzirwa pachawo wakashandurwa.
Zvinokuchengetedzai kutaura kuti chigadzirwa chitsva iyi ndihwo hwakavandudzwa vhezheni yechina yechizarira. Iine hupenyu hwakareba hwekushanda uye hurefu hwekuvimbika. Nekuda kwekubviswa kwezvimwe zvikamu kubva muchimiro, michina yakave nyore kuitisa. Iyo yekuchengetedza runyorwa inosanganisira yakajairwa giya oiri shanduko (mune imwe chinyorwa verenga nezvekusiyana kwemafuta aya neinjini yekugadzirisa), iyo inofanirwa kugadzirwa pasati papfuura zviuru makumi mana. km. mileage. Pamusoro peiyi maitiro, uku uchichinja mafuta, zvakakosha kuti uongorore pombi, pamwe nezvikamu zvemukati zvemushini, kuona kuti hapana kusakara kana kusvibiswa.
Haldex kubatanidza malfunctions
Iyo Haldex clutch michina pachayo haiwanzo kuputsika nekuchengetedza kwakakodzera. Zvichienderana nemodeli yemota, ichi chishandiso chinogona kukundikana nekuda kwe:
- Mafuta anodonhedza (sump yakabvarurwa kana kudonhedza kwemafuta pamasiketi);
- Oiri isingatarisirwi shanduko. Sezvo munhu wese achiziva, lubrication mune michina haingodziviriri kuomarara kukakavara kwenzvimbo dzekubatana, asi zvakare inotonhodza uye inosuka machipisi esimbi akaumbwa nekushandisa mashoma emhando yezvikamu. Nekuda kweizvozvo, pane chakakura chakaburitswa pamagiya uye nezvimwe zvikamu nekuda kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvekunze;
- Kuputsika kwesolenoid kana zvikanganiso mukushanda kwechikamu chekutonga;
- Kuputsika kweECU;
- Kukundikana kwepombi yemagetsi.
Pamatambudziko aya, vatyairi vazhinji vakatarisana nekuumbwa kwekusimba kwakasimba kwezvikamu nekuda kwekutyora kwemafuta ekuchinja purogiramu. Kuputsika kwepombi yemagetsi kushoma. Izvo zvikonzero zvekuparara kwayo zvinogona kuve kupfeka kwemabhurashi, mabheyaringi, kana kuputika kwemhepo nekuda kwekupisa kwayo. Iko kusarongeka kuputsika kusashanda kwechikamu chekutonga. Chinhu chega chaanogara achitambura nacho kusanganiswa kwenyaya yacho.
Kusarudza itsva Haldex yekubatanidza
Izvo zvinodawo kutevedzera kune iyo purogiramu yekugara uchigadzirisa batira nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakakwira. Semuenzaniso, batira nyowani yemamwe mamodheru emota anogadzirwa neiyo VAG kunetsekana inodhura anopfuura chiuru chemadhora (kune rumwe ruzivo rwekuti ndeapi mamodheru emota anogadzirwa neiyo VAG hanya, verenga mune imwe chinyorwa). Tichifunga nezve mutengo uyu, mugadziri akapa mukana wekugadzirisa mudziyo nekutsiva zvimwe zvezvinhu zvacho nezvitsva.
Kune nzira dzinoverengeka dzekusarudza yakaunganidzwa batira kana yayo yega zvikamu. Icho chiri nyore kwazvo kubvisa michina kubva mumotokari, kuitora kuchitoro chemotokari uye kumbira mutengesi kuti asarudze analogue iye pachake.
Kunyangwe paine musiyano muchigadzirwa chemazera, hazvigoneke kukanganisa mune yakasarudzika sarudzo yemuchina uchishandisa iyo VIN kodhi. Kwamungawane nhamba iyi uye neruzivo rwupi zvarwo zvinotsanangurwa zvakasiyana... Iwe unogona zvakare kuwana chishandiso kana izvo zvinoriumba nenhamba yekatalog, iyo inoratidzwa pane muviri weiyo michina kana chikamu.
Usati wasarudza chishandiso zvinoenderana nedata remota (zuva rekuburitsa, modhi uye mhando), zvakafanira kujekesa kuti ndechipi chizvarwa chekubatanidza chaive pamotokari. Hazviwanzo kuchinjaniswa nguva dzose. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune zvimwe zvikamu zvekugadzirisa kwenzvimbo. Kana mafuta, pane batira mafuta anodiwa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuputsika kwepombi yemagetsi kunogona kugadziriswa newe. Semuenzaniso, kana brushes rayo, zvisimbiso zvemafuta kana mabheringi zvasakara.
Zvekugadziriswa kwekubatanidza, ekugadzirisa makiti anopiwawo ayo anogona kukodzera akasiyana mazera emidziyo. Unogona kutarisa kuenderana kwezvikamu nekureva kune iyo clutch katalog nhamba kana nekubvunza nyanzvi iyo ichaita kugadzirisa.
Sega, zvakakodzera kutaura mukana wekutenga yakagadziridzwa batira. Kana iwe ukafunga kutenga yakadaro sarudzo, saka haufanire kuzviita mumaoko evatengesi vasina chokwadi. Unogona kutenga mudziyo wakadai chete muzvivakwa zvechiteshi kana pakubvisa. Kazhinji, nzira dzepakutanga dzinoiswa kune imwecheteyo maitiro, uye zvikamu zvakasara zvemhando yakafanana zvinoshandiswa.
Kubatsira uye kuipa
Zvakanaka zvinhu zveiyo Haldex yekubatanidza:
- Inopindura nekukurumidza zvakanyanya kupfuura viscous clutch. Semuenzaniso, iyo viscous coupling yakavharwa chete mushure mekunge mavhiri atotanga kutsvedza;
- Iyo michina iri compact;
- Hazvipesane nemavhiri ekudzivirira masisitimu;
- Panguva yekufambisa, iko kuendesa hakuna kunyanya kuremerwa;
- Iyo michina inodzorwa nemagetsi, izvo zvinowedzera iko kurongeka uye nekukurumidza kwemhinduro.
Kunyangwe paine kugona kwayo, iyo Haldex batisisa ese-vhiri dhiraivha system ine zvimwe zvinokanganisa:
- Muchizvarwa chekutanga chemaitiro, kumanikidza muhurongwa hakuna kugadzirwa nenguva, ndosaka nguva yekupindura yeiyo clutch yakasiya zvakawanda zvekuda;
- Zvizvarwa zviviri zvekutanga zvakatambura nenyaya yekuti batira rakavhurwa chete mushure mekugamuchira zviratidzo kubva padhuze nemagetsi zvigadzirwa.
- Muchizvarwa chechina, pakanga paine kusagadzikana kwakabatana nekushaikwa kwekusiyanisa kwakasiyana. Mukurongeka uku, hazvigoneke kuendesa torque yese kumavhiri ekumashure;
- Chizvarwa chechishanu hachina sefa remafuta. Neichi chikonzero, zvakafanira kuti uchinje girisi kakawanda;
- Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinoda kuronga zvine hungwaru, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikone kuzvimiririra pachayo hurongwa.
mhedziso
Nekudaro, chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvezvinhu zvese-mavhiri ekufambisa mota ndicho chikamu chinogovera torque pakati pemakona. Iyo Haldex clutch inobvumira pamberi-vhiri rinotyaira mota kuti ishande mumamiriro ezvinhu anoda off-road mashandiro kubva mumotokari. Kugovaniswa kwakaringana kwesimba padhuze nemaekisheni ndiyo paramende yakakosha kwazvo iyo vese vavandudzi venzira dzakasiyana dzekuyedza vari kuyedza kuwana. Uye kusvika nhasi, iyo inofungidzirwa mashandiro ndiyo chishandiso chinoshanda kwazvo chinopa kukurumidza uye kutsetseka kubatana kweiyo kumashure dhiraivha.
Zvinonzwisisika, zvishandiso zvemazuva ano zvinoda kutarisisa uye mari yekugadzirisa, asi chishandiso ichi, nekuchengetedza panguva yakakodzera, chinogara kwenguva refu.
Pamusoro pezvo, isu tinopa vhidhiyo ipfupi nezve mashandisiro anoita Haldex coupling:
Mibvunzo nemhinduro:
Ko Haldex coupling inoshanda sei? Nheyo yekushanda kweclutch inodzika kusvika kune chokwadi chekuti iyo mechanic inonzwisisa mutsauko mukutenderera kweshaft pakati pemberi nekumashure maekisi uye inovharika kana ichitsvedza.
Chii chaunoda kushandura mafuta muHaldex coupling? Zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekutapurirana. Chizvarwa chechishanu chine sefa yemafuta yakasiyana. Chaizvoizvo, kushanda kwakafanana kune zvizvarwa zvese zvemashini.
Chii chinonzi Haldex mumotokari? Ichi chigadziriso chiri mu plug-in all-wheel drive. Inotangwa kana ekisi huru yatsvedza. Iyo clutch yakakiyiwa uye torque inotumirwa kune yechipiri axle.
Ko Haldex coupling inoshanda sei? Iyo ine paki yemadhisiki ekukweshera anochinjana nemadhisiki esimbi. Iwo ekutanga anogadziriswa pahubhu, yechipiri - pane clutch drum. Iyo clutch pachayo yakazadzwa nekushanda fluid (pasi pekumanikidzwa), iyo inodzvanya ma discs kune mumwe nemumwe.
Kubatana kweHaldex kupi? Inonyanya kushandiswa kubatanidza axle yechipiri mumotokari ine yakabatana ese-vhiri dhiraivha, saka, iyo inoiswa pakati pemberi uye kumashure maekisi (kazhinji mune inosiyanisa imba mune yekumashure axle).
Chii chinonzi mafuta muHaldex coupling? Iyo yakakosha giya lubricant inoshandiswa kune iyi michina. Mugadziri anokurudzira kushandisa yekutanga VAG G 055175A2 "Haldex" mafuta.
