MINI

Zvirimukati MuvambiEmblemNhoroondo yemota mumamodheruMibvunzo nemhinduro: Nhoroondo yeMINI mota mhando inyaya yenzira yakareba uye yakaoma iyo imwe mota inonetsekana inogona kufamba nayo mukati menzira refu yekuumbwa kwayo. Iyo MINI pachayo inoteedzana subcompact sedans, hatchbacks uye coupes. Pakutanga, iyo pfungwa yekuvandudza uye kugadzirwa kweMINI inopihwa kuboka remainjiniya kubva kuBritish Motor Corporation. Kuvandudzwa kwepfungwa uye pfungwa, pamwe chete nemotokari yose, yakadzokera ku1985. Idzi motokari dzakatora nzvimbo yechipiri yakanyatsokodzera mukuongororwa kwemazana enyanzvi dzenyika "Iyo motokari yakanakisisa yezana remakore rechiXNUMX." Muvambi Leonard Percy Lord, 1st Baron Lambury KBE akazvarwa muna 1896 aive mufananidzo muindasitiri yemotokari yeBritish. Akapedza chikoro aine rusaruro rwehunyanzvi, asi pazera ramakore gumi nematanhatu akamanikidzwa kuenda mukushambira pachena mushure mekufirwa nababa vake. Panguva ino, Ishe akatanga kushingaira kushandisa ruzivo rwokugadzira ruzivo rwakawanikwa kuchikoro, uye muna 16 akapinda muMorris Motors Limited, kwaakabatsira kugadzirisa matanho ose ekugadzirwa. Muna 1927, Morris paakawana kodzero dzekutarisira Wolseley Motors Limited, Leonard akachinjirwa ikoko kuitira kuti vavandudze michina yavo yehunyanzvi nemaitiro. Nechekare muna 1932, akagadzwa mukuru mukuru paMorris Motors. Kwangopera gore, muna 1933, nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwake, Leonard Lord akagamuchira chigaro chemaneja director wekambani yese yeMorris Motors Limited uye nekukasika akave ane zita rekuti mamillionaire. Muna 1952, kubatanidzwa kwakamirirwa kwenguva refu kwemafemu maviri aIshe kunoitika - kambani yake Austin Motor Company uye Morris Motors, yaaive mutungamiriri mumakore makumi matatu. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo British Motor Corporation inopinda mumusika wemotokari weUK. Dambudziko reSuez rakatanga mumakore iwayo rakabatana nekukanganiswa kwekugoverwa kwemafuta. Zvinova pachena kuti mitengo yemafuta inogona kuchinjawo. Mamiriro ezvinhu aripo anomanikidza Ishe kuti vagadzire subcompact mota, iine compact uye yakafara. Muna 1956, British Motor Corporation, inotungamirirwa naLeonard Lord, yakasarudza boka revanhu vasere kuti vagadzire motokari duku kudarika dzimwe dzose panguva iyoyo. Alec Issigonis akagadzwa kuve mukuru weboka. Chirongwa ichi chakapihwa zita rekuti ADO-15. Chimwe chezvinangwa zvekugadzira mota iyi kwaive kupamhama kwetrunk uye kugara zvakanaka kwevanhu vana. Pakazosvika 1959 yekutanga yekushanda modhi "The Orange Box" yakakungurutswa kubva pamutsetse wegungano. Muna Chivabvu, kugadzirwa kwekutakura kwemutsara wekutanga kwakatangwa. Pakazara, zvakatora anopfuura makore maviri nehafu kugadzira michina yekutanga yeMINI line. Munguva ino, British Motor Corporation yakagadzirira nzvimbo zhinji nyowani uye yakatenga huwandu hwakakwana hwemidziyo yekugadzira mota nyowani. Mainjiniya vakashandisa tekinoroji yepamusoro uye vakaita mimwe miedzo yakawanda. Emblem Nhoroondo yechiratidzo chemotokari brand MINI yachinja pamwe nevaridzi vezvinonetsa zvemotokari. Ipo mafekitari emotokari aibatanidzwa, makambani matsva akaumbwa, logo yacho yakanga ichichinjawo. Chiratidzo chekutanga cheMINI mota brand yaive nechimiro chedenderedzwa, kubva ipapo mitsetse miviri yakaita semapapiro yakabva yaenda kumativi. Rimwe bapiro rakanga rakanyorwa zita rekuti Morris uye rimwe bapiro Cooper. Chiratidzo chekambani chakaiswa pakati pechiratidzo. Kwemakore, musanganiswa wemazita Morris, Cooper naAustin nguva nenguva vakachinja mumwe nemumwe, akasanganiswa muchiratidzo chechiratidzo. Pfungwa ye logo yakachinjawo kakawanda. Pakutanga akanga ari mapapiro akatambanudzwa kubva mudenderedzwa. Gare gare, chiratidzo chakatora chimiro che stylized nhovo ine izwi rekuti MINI. Iye zvino tiri kuona kugadziridzwa kwazvino kwechiratidzo. Iyo inoratidzira iyo 'MINI' mavara mumavara makuru, akakomberedzwa nevemazuva ano fender. Iyo logo inotakura yakajeka semantic mutoro. Zvinoreva kumhanya uye rusununguko, ine miniature kuvaka kwemotokari. Dzimwe nguva inonzi "winged vhiri". Iyo yekupedzisira yekuvandudza logo yakaitika muna 2018. Kubva ipapo, yakaramba isina kuchinjwa, asi varidzi vezvino vechiratidzo vari kutaura nezve shanduko nyowani muchiratidzo. Nhoroondo yemota mumamodheru Mitsetse yekutanga yeMINI mota dzakaunganidzwa muOxford neBirmingham. Ava vaive Morris Mini Minor naAustin Seven. Mota dzaitengeswa kunze kwenyika pasi pemamwe mazita ane chekuita nekukura kweinjini. Kunze kwenyika, aya anga atove Austin 850 uye Morris 850. Muedzo wekutanga unomhanya weMINI mota yakaratidza vagadziri zvikanganiso mukudzivirira mvura. Zvose zvakawanikwa zvikanganiso zvakawanikwa uye zvakagadziriswa nefekitari. Nechekare pakasvika 1960, motokari dzinopfuura zviuru zviviri nehafu dzakanga dzichigadzirwa vhiki yoga yoga. Nenguva isipi kambani inoburitsa zvigadziriso zvitsva: Morris Mini Traveler uye Austin Seven Countryman. Vese vari vaviri vakanambwa mune sedan, asi vakaramba vakafanana subcompact. Muna 1966, British Motor Corporation neJaguar vakabatana kuita British Motor Holdings. Zviremera zvakakurumidza kuzivisa kuderedzwa kwevashandi vanopfuura 10 000. Izvi zvakakonzerwa nekuwedzera kutonga kwemitengo yekambani. Pakupera kwemakumi matanhatu, iyo Austin Mini Metro yakaonekwa uye yakawana mukurumbira. Zvakare, iyi modhi yakave yakakurumbira pasi pezita rekuti Mini Shortie. Iri zita raive nekuda kwekuti modhi yacho yaive neshort base. Vagadziri havana kuronga kugadzira mota iyi kutengeswa nevakawanda. Chinangwa chekugadzira iyo Mini Shortie yaive kushambadzira uye kushambadzira. Ivo vakagadzirwa chete mumuviri unotendeuka, vaine injini ye1,4-litre uye haina kukurumidza kukurumidza kupfuura kusvika 140 km / h. Motokari dzinenge 200 chete dzakagadzirwa, uye shomanene chete dzadzo dzaiva nepamusoro yakaoma nemadhoo. Ese "convertibles" akange asina magonhi, saka waifanira kusvetukira mukati mawo nepamusoro pemativi. Chikamu chemotokari dzeMINI chakagadzirwa uye chakagadzirwa kumafekitori akasiyana ekambani, aive muSpain, Uruguay, Belgium, Chile, Italy, Yugoslavia, nezvimwe. Muna 1961, injiniya anozivikanwa weCooper team, iyo yakakwikwidza muFormula 1, yakafarira mutsetse weMini Cooper. Akauya nepfungwa yekuvandudza mota nekuisa injini ine simba rakawedzera pasi pehodhi. Nekubata kwayo uye kufambisa, injini yakasimbiswa yaifanira kunge yakaita kuti mota isasvike. Uye saka zvakaitika. Iyo yakagadziridzwa modhi Mini Cooper S yatove muna 1964 inova mutungamiri wemijaho yenyika - Rally Monte Carlo. Kwemakore akati kuti akatevedzana, zvikwata zvakaita pamuenzaniso uyu zvakahwina mibairo. Michina iyi yakanga isingaenzaniswi. Muna 1968, kwakava nemujaho wekupedzisira, uyo wakatora korona nenzvimbo yekuhwina mibairo. Muna 1968 kumwe kubatanidzwa kunoitika. British Motor Holdings inosangana neLeyland Motors. Nekuda kwekubatanidzwa uku, iyo British Leyland Motor Corporation inoumbwa. Muna 1975, akapiwa zita rokuti Rover Group. Muna 1994, BMW inotenga Rover Boka, mushure mezvo, muna 2000, Rover Group rakazomiswa. BMW inochengeta muridzi weiyo MINI mota mhando. Mushure mekubatanidzwa kwese, mainjiniya ezvinetso ari kushingairira kugadzira mota dzakafanana sezvinobvira neyekutanga yechinyakare MINI modhi. Muna 1998 chete, Frank Stevenson anogadzira uye anogadzira iyo Mini One R50 yatove kumafekitori eBMW. Mota yekupedzisira yeiyo yekutanga Mini Mark VII mutsara yakamiswa ndokuiswa muBritish Motor Museum. Muna 2001, kuvandudzwa kwemotokari dzeMINI paBMW zvidyarwa kunotanga neMINI Hatch. Muna 2005, kambani inowedzera bhajeti kuti iwedzere kuyerera kwemotokari dzinogadzirwa paOxford plant. Muna 2011, mamwe maviri matsva emhando yeMINI mota akaziviswa. Zvinhu zvitsva zvakagadzirwa pahwaro hwechinyakare, asi hama dzakakodzera - Mini Paceman. Mazuva ano, kuvandudzwa kweMINI brand yemagetsi mota kuri kuenderera mberi kune yakakurumbira Oxford chirimwa. Izvi zvakaziviswa muna 2017 neBMW. Q&A: Ndiani anoita Mini Cooper? Mini pakutanga yaive British automaker (yakavambwa muna 1959). Muna 1994, kambani yakatorwa neBMW. Chii chinonzi Mini Coopers? Chiratidzo cheBritish chinoratidzwa nehuchokwadi, chinogona kuteverwa mumhando dzose. Iyo kambani inogadzira anochinja, chiteshi ngoro uye crossovers. Sei Mini Cooper ichinzi zvakadaro?