Kurota kwemhepo motokari
Kuputsika kwechiratidziro chemotokari inobhururuka chakaitwa naStefan Klein wekambani yekuSlovakia yeAeroMobil, iyo yanga ichishanda pamhando iyi yekugadzira kwemakore akati wandei, yakakonzera kuti munhu wese anga atoona mota dzakatenderedza mukushandiswa kwemazuva ese kuti aise chiono chavo zvakare. Kune inotevera.
Klein, pahupamhi hwemamita 300, akakwanisa kumisikidza yakagadziridzwa parachute sisitimu yakatangwa kubva mumudziyo unokosha. Izvi zvakaponesa hupenyu hwake - panguva yetsaona akakuvara zvishoma. Nekudaro, iyo kambani inovimbisa kuti kuyedzwa kwemuchina kuchaenderera mberi, kunyangwe zvisiri kunyatsozivikanwa kuti ndeipi prototypes inotevera ichaonekwa yakagadzirira kubhururuka munzvimbo yakajairika.
Aripi mashura anobhururuka aya?
Muchikamu chechipiri chemafirimu akakurumbira akateedzana Back to the Future, akaiswa muna 2015, takaona mota dzichimhanya dzichidzika mumugwagwa mukuru wemuchadenga. Zviratidzo zvemichina inobhururuka zvave zvakajairika mune mamwe mazita engano dzesainzi, kubva kuThe Jetsons kuenda kuThe Fifth Element. Ivo vakatove imwe yeanonyanya kugarisa motif yenguva yemberi yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, kusvika muzana rinotevera.
Uye iko zvino ramangwana rasvika, isu tine zana ramakore rechiXNUMX uye matekinoroji mazhinji atisina kutarisira. Saka iwe unobvunza - dziripi idzi mota dzinobhururuka?!
Kutaura zvazviri, takakwanisa kugadzira motokari dzomumhepo kwenguva yakareba. Yekutanga prototype yemotokari yakadaro yakasikwa muna 1947. Yaiva Airphibian yakagadzirwa nemuvambi Robert Edison Fulton.
air phoebe design
Mumakumi emakore akatevera, pakanga pasina kushomeka kweakasiyana magadzirirwo uye bvunzo dzakazotevera. The Ford kunetseka kwaishanda pamotokari dzinobhururuka, uye Chrysler akanga achishanda pajepi inobhururuka yeuto. Iyo Aerocar, yakavakwa naMoulton Taylor mu60s, yaive yakakurumbira neFord zvekuti kambani iyi yakapotsa yaitengesa. Nekudaro, iwo ekutanga prototypes aingovakwazve ndege ine vafambi modules inogona kuvharirwa uye yakanamirwa kune fuselage. Mumakore achangopfuura, mamwe madhizaini epamberi akatanga kuoneka, senge ambotaurwa AeroMobil. Nekudaro, kana dambudziko raive nehunyanzvi uye hwehupfumi hwemuchina pachawo, saka isu tingadai takave nekubhururuka mota kwenguva refu. Nyoka iri mune imwe. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, Elon Musk akataura zvakananga. Sezvineiwo, akataura kuti "zvingave zvakanaka kuti mota dzifambe munzvimbo ine mativi matatu", asi "njodzi yekuwira pamusoro peumwe munhu yakakura."
Hapana chakaoma pamusoro peizvi - chipingamupinyi chikuru kumhepo motorization ndeyekuchengetedza. Kana mamiriyoni etsaona akaitika uye vanhu vakafa muuzhinji mukufamba kunowanzoita mativi maviri, kuwedzera chikamu chechitatu kunoratidzika kuva kusinganzwisisi kutaura zvishoma.
50m inokwana kumhara
Slovak AeroMobil, imwe yeanonyanya kuzivikanwa mapurojekiti emota dzinobhururuka, ave nemakore akawanda achishanda zvakanyanya mumunda wehunyanzvi hwekuziva. Muna 2013, Juraj Vakulik, mumwe wevamiririri vekambani yakagadzira motokari uye yakagadzira prototypes yayo, akati iyo yekutanga "mutengi" yemotokari yaizosvika pamusika muna 2016. Sezvineiwo, mushure metsaona, haichazovepo. nepo zvichibvira, asi purojekiti ichiri pamberi pezvinobvira pfungwa.
Kune zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvepamutemo zvekukunda maererano nemirairo yekufamba kwendege, migwagwa yekufambisa ndege, nezvimwe. Kunewo matambudziko makuru ehunyanzvi. Kune rimwe divi, iyo Airmobile inofanirwa kuve yakareruka kuitira kuti chimiro chigone kusimuka mumhepo, kune rumwe rutivi, chinofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza zvivakwa zvinofamba munzira. Uye zvinhu zvakasimba uye zvisingaremi zvinowanzodhura. Mutengo wemusika vhezheni yemotokari inofungidzirwa pamazana ezviuru mazana. Euro.
Sekureva kwevamiriri vekambani, AeroMobil inogona kusimuka uye kumhara kubva pauswa. Zvinotora anenge 200m kusimuka uye kumhara kunonzi kunyange 50m.Zvisinei, iyo kabhoni-fiber "motokari-ndege" yaizorongerwa sediki yemitambo ndege pasi pemitemo yendege, zvichireva kuti rezinesi rinokosha raizodiwa kubhururuka AeroMobile.
VTOL chete
Sezvaunogona kuona, kunyange kubva pakuona kwemutemo, AeroMobil inofungidzirwa rudzi rwendege ine gear yekumhara inokwanisa kufamba mumigwagwa yevanhu, uye kwete "motokari inobhururuka". Paul Moller, musiki weM400 Skycar, anotenda kuti chero isu tisiri kutarisana nekusimuka-kusimuka uye magadzirirwo ekumhara, shanduko ye "mhepo" mukutakura kwevanhu haizoitiki. Mugadziri pachake anga achishanda pane yakadaro nzira yakavakirwa pamapropeller kubva kuma90s. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, ave kufarira tekinoroji yedrone. Nekudaro, ichiri kunetsekana nedambudziko rekuwana iyo yakatwasuka uye inodzika mota kuti dzive nesimba nemazvo.
Anopfuura makore maviri apfuura, Terrafugia yakafumura rudzi urwu rwepfungwa yemotokari, iyo isingazongove neyemazuva ano hybrid drive uye semi-otomatiki dhiraivha system, asi haizodiwo nzvimbo yekupaka. Zvakakwana garaji renguva dzose. Mwedzi mishoma yapfuura, zvakaziviswa kuti mota yemhando, parizvino yakasarudzwa TF-X muchiyero che1:10, yaizoedzwa muA. nehama dzeWright kuMIT.
Mota iyi, inoita kunge mota ine vanhu vana, inofanira kusimuka ichidzika nemagetsi. Kune rimwe divi, injini yeturbine yegasi inofanirwa kushanda sekutyaira kwendege refu. Vagadziri vanofanotaura kuti motokari inogona kuva nerwendo rwekufamba kusvika ku800 km. Kambani yakatounganidza mazana emaodha emotokari dzayo dzinobhururuka. Kutengeswa kwezvikamu zvekutanga kwakarongerwa 2015-16. Zvisinei, kupinda kwemotokari kushanda kunogona kunonoka nokuda kwezvikonzero zvepamutemo, izvo zvatakanyora pamusoro apa. Terrafugia yakaisa parutivi makore masere kusvika gumi nemaviri muna 2013 kuti chirongwa ichi chive chakazara.
Yakasiyana magadzirirwo eTerraf TF-X mota
Panyaya yemotokari dzinobhururuka, pane rimwe dambudziko rinoda kugadziriswa - tingave tichida mota dzinobhururuka uye dzinotyairwa zvakajairika mumigwagwa, kana kuti dzinobhururuka chete. Nekuti kana iri iyo yekupedzisira, saka isu tinobvisa akawanda ehunyanzvi matambudziko ayo vanogadzira vanonetsekana nawo.
Uyezve, maererano nenyanzvi dzakawanda, musanganiswa wetekinoroji yemotokari inobhururuka ine simba rekuvandudza masisitimu ekutyaira akazvimirira ari pachena. Kuchengetedzeka kwakakosha, uye nyanzvi havatendi mukufamba-kusingapesani kwezviuru zvevatyairi vakazvimiririra "vanhu" munzvimbo ine mativi matatu. Nekudaro, isu patinotanga kufunga nezvemakomputa uye mhinduro sezviri kugadzirwa neGoogle pamotokari dzinozvimiririra, inyaya yakasiyana kwazvo. Saka zvakafanana nekubhururuka - hongu, asi pasina mutyairi
