Test drive uko vamwe vasingasviki

Kunyangwe mota dzisiri dzemumugwagwa haigoni kuenzanisa kugona kwavo kuyambuka-nyika kugona. Yakagadzirwa semotokari dzinofadza, mamodheru eATV ave kuwanikwa mushanduro dzakasiyana, kwete zvemitambo chete, asi zvakare semabasa ebasa uye kazhinji nzombe.

ATV. Kune vakawanda, pfungwa iyi ipfupiso yemutsara weChirungu all terrain vehicle, i.e. "Mota inofamba-famba" inogona kuve yakabatana neyekutanga musanganiswa wemota uye mudhudhudhu, uyo rimwe boka revanhu vane mari yakanaka vanonakidzwa nehunhu. Maererano nesayenzi yezvinhu zvipenyu, kazhinji kuyambuka kwemarudzi maviri emhuka kwakasiyana kunoita kuti pave nevana vasina mbereko, asi uku ndiko kuberekwa kunoita nyurusi (musanganiswa wembongoro nembongoro) rine simba sebhiza uye kutsungirira kwebhiza. mbongoro. Hongu, mune iyi fomu, kuenzanisa kunogona kushanda, asi mukuita, maATV ane mutsara wavo wekushanduka-shanduka, pakutanga kune mudhudhudhu. Uye sechisikwa chevanhu, motokari iyi haina kungova nechizvarwa, asi yakakwanisa kushanduka kuva matavi akawanda ekushanduka-shanduka. Nhasi, maonero akapararira eATV semotokari ine chigaro chimwe chete ine pfudzi rakavhurika chimiro, mavhiri akavhurika ane matai mahombe, injini yemudhudhudhu uye pasina kukwidibira kunonyadzisa kunogumira pakati pekusiyana kwakakura kuripo munyika ino yakasarudzika. Inosanganisirawo maATV evana madiki, mota dzemashure-mavhiri maviri, maATV emitambo, uye zvakasiyana siyana zvezvigadzirwa zvinosvika pakukura kwemota diki, zvine zvigaro zvina uye/kana mapuratifomu ekutakura zvinhu, uye kazhinji injini dzedhiziri. Iwo ekupedzisira anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumauto, varimi, masango, uye nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwavo vanonzi maUTV (kubva kuChirungu. Aya anonyanya kukosha anobatsira vanhu, zvakanyanya nekuda kwekugona kwavo kufamba munzvimbo dzakaipa, dzisingagoni kuyerwa. nemota chero ipi zvayo nyaya iri pakati peATV neUTV inoonekwa padivi nepadivi, apo vafambi vaviri vanomira padivi nepadivi, uye kazhinji pane ina, mumitsara miviri.Izwi rekuti "ATV" rinoshandiswa zvakasiyana. .

Uye zvese zvakatanga kuita kunge jee

Iyi nharaunda inoita senge isingabatike, uye vagadziri vemota havatsanangure pachavo mairi. Kunze kwaHonda, ivo vakagadzira yekutanga ATV inoshanda panguva iyo midhudhudhu ichine chikamu chakakura kwazvo chebhizimusi rekambani uye hapana imwe kambani yemotokari iri kuyedza kuvepo munzvimbo ino. Pano vagadziri vemidhudhudhu vakaita saKawasaki, Suzuki uye Yamaha, kune rimwe divi, uye makambani ane kwayakabva nemotokari yechando yakadai sePolaris neArctic Cat, mapoka emakambani makuru senge Bombardier yekuCanada, ane maATV anonzi Can-Am, vari mune yavo element. pamwe nekugadzirwa kwetarakita nemotokari dzakafanana. John Deere naBobcat.

Sezvineiwo, maATV ane mukurumbira akazvarwa semavhiri matatu, uye kunyangwe muna 1967 mumwe John Schlesinger akagadzira mota yakafanana nekambani yemagetsi Sperry-Rand, ndokuzotengesa matende kuNew Holland (inove yeSperry-Rand. ) kodzero yekunzi musiki wekutanga serial ATV ine Honda. Maererano nenhoroondo yekambani iyi, muna 1967 mumwe mainjiniya ayo, Osamu Takeuchi, akakumbirwa nechikamu chayo cheUS kuti agadzire chimwe chinhu chinogona kutengesa nevatengesi munguva yechando, apo mabhasikoro mazhinji anochengetwa mumagaraji. Takeuchi akauya nemazano akawanda anosanganisira 2, 3, 4, 5 uye kunyange mavhiri matanhatu. Zvakazoitika kuti mota ine mavhiri matatu ine hunhu hwakaringana pane ese - iri nani kupfuura mavhiri maviri-mavhiri maererano nekuyambuka-nyika kugona munzvimbo ine chando, inotsvedza uye ine madhaka uye yakachipa zvakanyanya kupfuura mota dzine hombe. nhamba yemavhiri. Chinetso chacho chaiva chokuwana matai akakura akakodzera kuti akwanise kukwezvwa panzvimbo yakapfava uye nesinou. Takeuchi akabatsirwa nemabhaisikopo eTV, kunyanya iyo BBC Moon Buggy, diki amphibious SUV yakaiswa matai akawandisa. Yakavakwa muna 6 naHonda, mota ine mavhiri matatu ine gadziriso umo mutyairi anogara paATV (kusiyana neiyo Schlesinger modhi yaari mukati mayo) uye yakave yakakurumbira gore rakatevera nekuda kwekutora chikamu kwake mufirimu. yaJames Bond "Madhaimondi anogara nokusingaperi" naSean Connery.

Yakagadzirirwa kunakidzwa, mota nyowani yaizodaidzwazve zita kubva kuUS90 kuenda kuATC90 (yeAll Terrain Cycle kana mudhudhudhu wese). Iyo ATC90 ine yakasimba kuturika uye inoigadzira ine mabharumu mavhiri makuru. Zvitubu zvakashaikwa uye zvekukatyamadza hazvina kuoneka kusvika kutanga kwema80s, zvichikonzera vhiri rakadzikira zvishoma. Kunyangwe mukutanga kwemakumi masere, Honda yakaramba ichitungamira bhizinesi neATC200E Big Red yavo, yaive yekutanga 1981-vhiri ATV ine inoshanda application. Kugona kwemota idzi kusvika kunzvimbo dzisingasvikike kwakaita kuti dzive dzakakurumbira kune dzakasiyana siyana muUnited States neCanada, munguva pfupi yapfuura vamwe vatambi vakapinda mukati uye bhizinesi rakatanga kukura nekukurumidza. Nekudaro, vagadziri veHonda havasi kugara vasina kuita basa uye zvakare nhanho imwe pamberi pevamwe - vari kugadzira mhando dzekutanga dzemitambo dzinenge dziine monopoly pamusika kwenguva yakareba nekuda kwekugadzirisa kunoshanda uye injini dzakavimbika. Muna 250, ATC18R yakava yekutanga yemutambo tricycle ine tricycle kuturika, mberi uye shure dhisiki mabhureki; Iyo motokari ine 1985 hp injini, kutarisa kwemitambo uye ichiri kuonekwa seimwe yemotokari dzakanakisisa dzerudzi rwayo. Muna 350, injini yakatonhodzwa nemhepo 350 cc ina-stroke yaivapo. CM uye musoro-mavharuvhu mana - mhinduro yaive yakasarudzika panguva iyoyo. Zvichibva pazviri, iyo ATCXNUMXX modhi ine yakarebesa kumiswa uye ane simba mabhureki. Honda modhi dzinoramba dzichivandudzika, iyo tubular furemu inova rectangular pachinzvimbo cheakatenderedza profiles, uye iyo lubrication system inoshanduka kuti igone kurarama nekunyanyisa kusimuka mafambiro.

Kutonga kweJapan

Mumakore akatevera, vese vanogadzira kunze kweSuzuki vakagadzira michina ine simba-maviri, asi hapana anogona kuyera kutengesa neHonda, iyo yakatovaka mukurumbira wakasimba mumunda. Nepo Yamaha ichipa yayo Tri-Z YTZ250 ine 250cc maviri-stroke. Ona uye shanu- kana matanhatu-kumhanya kwemanyorero ekufambisa, uye Kawasaki inotanga kugadzirwa kweTecate KTX250, zvakare ine-maviri-stroke injini uye mashanu- kana matanhatu-kumhanya kufambisa, Honda's ATV modhi ndizvo chaizvo zvakadzikama. Kumhiri kwemakungwa, mugadziri weAmerica Tiger anopinda mumusika nemhando dzakasiyana dzeATV dzine mavhiri matatu uye maviri-stroke injini dzeRotax dzine kutamiswa kubva 125 kusvika 500 cm3. Iyo Tiger 500 yakava imwe yeanokurumidza mhando dzenguva nekuda kweiyo makumi mashanu hp. inosvika pakumhanya kwepamusoro kwe 50 km/h - ine ngozi kune chinhu chakavhurika chinofamba nemavhiri matatu. Zvisinei, nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, kambani haina kugara kwenguva refu.

Muchokwadi, iko kuwedzera kwesimba kunoratidza kutanga kwemagumo kwetricycle quads. Hadzina kugadzikana uye hadzina kuchengeteka kudarika mavhiri mana, uye muna 1987 kutengeswa kwawo kwakarambidzwa munzvimbo dzakawanda. Kunyangwe vaine huremu hushoma uye kushomeka kwekutyaira nekuramba nemabhenefiti ese anotevera, ivo vachiri kuda hunyanzvi hwekukona uye kugona kwemitambo kupfuura mutyairi wendege, uyo anofanirwa kuzembera zvakanyanya kuti akwanise kuenzanisa - maitiro ese ekutyaira akasiyana neayo. motokari dzine mavhiri mana.

Kuberekwa kweATVs

Pane dzimwe nguva kusarira shure mune imwe nharaunda kunogona kuita kuti uve piyona mune imwe. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvakaitika kuna Suzuki, uyo akatanga ATVs. Yekutanga yerudzi rwayo, iyo QuadRunner LT125 yakaonekwa muna 1982 uye imotokari diki yekuvaraidza yevanotanga. Kubva 1984 kusvika 1987, kambani yakapawo kunyange diki LT50 ine 50cc injini. Ona ichiteverwa neyekutanga ATV ine CVT otomatiki kutapurirana. Suzuki yakaburitsawo ine simba zvikuru LT250R Quadracer four-wheel drive sport quad, iyo yakatengeswa kusvika 1992, uye yakawanawo injini yemhando yepamusoro, inomira kwenguva refu, yakatonhodzwa nemvura. Honda inopindura neFourTrax TRX250R, uye Kawasaki neTecate-4 250. Kutsvaga kuzvisiyanisa nekuvimba zvakanyanya nemhepo inotonhorera injini, Yamaha inobudisa Banshee 350 nemvura-yakatonhorera maviri-cylinder, maviri-stroke injini kubva kuRD350. mudhudhudhu. . Iyi quad yakave nemukurumbira nekukwira zvakasimba munzvimbo ine madhaka, ine mawere, asi yakave nemukurumbira wekukwira pamusoro pejecha.

Bhizinesi Guru - maAmerican mumutambo

Muchokwadi, kubva panguva iyoyo, chaiyo chaiyo makwikwi pakati pevagadziri yakatanga pamwe nekuwedzera kweanoshanda mavhoriyamu uye hukuru hweanopihwa maATV. Kune rimwe divi, kutengesa kunotanga kukura nekukurumidza. Suzuki Quadzilla ikozvino yakagadzirirwa enjini ye500cc. CM uye inogona kufamba pamusoro penzvimbo dzakaomarara pa127 km / h, uye muna 1986 iyo Honda FourTrax TRX350 4 × 4 yakaunza nguva yekufambiswa kwemaviri mumhando dzeATV. Nenguva isipi mamwe makambani akabatana nekugadzira kwavo, uye michina iyi yakave inozivikanwa zvakanyanya pakati pevavhimi, varimi, vashandi munzvimbo hombe dzekuvaka, mumasango. Makanga muri mukupera kwema80s uye kutanga kwema90s kuti kupatsanurwa kwemhando dzeATV kuita mafaro (mutambo) uye basa (Sport Utility uye yakatokura uye inoshanda UTV) mhando dzakatanga. Iwo ekupedzisira anowanzo kuve akasimba, angangoita maviri magiya, anogona kukweva chakabatanidzwa mutoro, uye zvishoma zvishoma.

Kambani yekutanga yekuAmerica kupinda mubhizinesi reATV yaive Polaris, yava kuzivikanwa nemota dzayo dzechando. Iyo chando Minnesota kambani yakaunza yayo yekutanga Trailboss muna 1984 uye zvishoma nezvishoma yakava chinhu chakakosha muindasitiri. Nhasi Polaris inopa yakanyanya kuwanda mota dzakadai, kubva kudiki mamodheru kune makuru mana-zvigaro padivi-ne-padivi uye UTVs, kusanganisira yekushandisa kwemauto. Mumwe wevatangi vekambani iyi, Edgar Hatin, akazoparadzana achibva kwairi ndokuvamba kambani yeArcric Cat, iyo nhasi iri zvakare iri yeumwe wevatambi vakuru mubhizinesi iri. Midhudhudhu kupatsanurwa kweCanada musangano weCanada Bombardier Corporation inotangisa yavo yekutanga ATV modhi, Traxler, iyo yakahwina iyo ATV yegore mubairo gore rinotevera. Kubva 2006, mudhudhudhu chikamu chekambani chinonzi CAN-Am. Kunyangwe hazvo makambani makuru kubva kuJapan neAmerica ataurwa parizvino ari kutonga pamusika uyu, vatambi vakawedzera vakabuda mumakore apfuura, kunyanya kubva kuChina neTaiwan. Kymco (Kwang Yang Motor Co. Nhasi, Kymco inopa akasiyana maATV uye ine hukama hwakasimba nevagadziri vakaita seKawasaki Heavy Industries neBMW. KTM ichangobva kujoina bhizinesi.

Chinyorwa: Georgy Kolev

Pfupi

ATV Zvikamu

Sport ATV Yakavakwa nechinangwa chakajeka uye chiri nyore - kufamba nekukurumidza. Idzi mota dzinomhanya zvakanaka uye dzine kudzora makona kwakanaka. Masport quads ari kumba pamotocross trails, jecha dunes nemarudzi ese enzvimbo dzakashama - chero kupi zvako kumhanya kwakanyanya uye kugona kunogona kusanganiswa. Iine huwandu hukuru hwemamodheru uye zvishongedzo, pamwe nekuwedzera uye kuwanda kwekuita midhudhudhu, zvese zvine chekuita nemari.

Yechidiki ATV Kana iwe uchida kuzivisa mwana wako kune off-roading iyi ndiyo mhinduro. Aya marudzi eATV madiki, akaderedzwa-simba uye ari angangoita akasiyana mutambo uye anoshanda maATV. Mazhinji acho ane nzira dzakasungirirwa pambatya dzevana, saka injini inodzika kana ikadonha. Mitengo yavo yakadzikira zvakanyanya kupfuura yea standard maATV.

Inoshanda ATV Inogona kushandiswa kune ese ari maviri basa uye mafaro. Kunyangwe iri yakajairwa ATV kana yakakurumbira divi-ne-parutivi, zvishandiso zvemhando dzakasiyana multifunctional. Idzi mota dzakakura uye dzakasimba kupfuura maATV emitambo, uye mazhinji ane anomiririra kumashure ekumisikidza kwakakura kubvumidzwa kwepasi kubata kunyange nzvimbo yakaoma kwazvo. Utillity ATV mamodheru anowanzo kuve akasununguka kupfuura vamwe vavo vemitambo, uye ane matai mahombe kuitira kuti simba riendeswe zvakakwana kunzvimbo dzisina kuenzana.

UTVs Michina iyi iri kuramba ichizivikanwa kana zvasvika pakufamba munzvimbo dzakaipa. Ivo vanopa zvinoshamisa kushanda uye vanogona kuenderana chero chinodiwa. Ungave uchitsvaga gomo rinokurumidza marara, mota yakaoma uye yakasimba ine kutakura zvinhu, kana kunyange yemagetsi yakanyarara modhi yemusasa wako wekuvhima, unovawana pakati pemaUTV. Iyo yakakura mukana UTV mhando dzine pamusoro penguva dzose ATVs kugona kutakura vanhu vakawanda-kusvika vatanhatu mune dzimwe shanduro.

Mhando dzakakurumbira dzeATV mugore rapfuura

Kawasaki Teryx uye Teryx4

Iyi yeTV modhi yevaviri kana ina inogona kuita basa rakakura uye kufadza mhuri. Inofambiswa neinjini ye783cc mapatya-humburumbira uye ine simba rekusimudzira.

Arctic katsi nzira

Iko zvino yakaiswa neinjini yeinjini yeinjini mazana manomwe emagetsi ecccc yakagadzirirwa zvakanyanya muviri wemuenzaniso uyu.

Honda muridzi

Anoshamisa Utility ATV ine 420 cc imwechete humburumbira injini. Iyo-mota-dhiraini giya rinobvumidza yakasununguka manyore kana otomatiki giya kuchinjika.

Honda Piyona 700-4

Iyo modhi inopa sarudzo pakati penharaunda yenhumbi uye zvigaro zviviri zvekuwedzera. Injini ine kutama kwe686 cm3 uye jekiseni system.

Yamaha Viking

Iri bhiza rebasa rinogara nhaka yeRhino uye rinogona kuita chero chinhu kubva pashongwe dzekuchera kusvika pakunakidzwa nekukwira-nyika. Inogona kutakura kusvika 270kg munzvimbo yekumashure inotakura uye kudhonza 680kg yakasungirirwa mutoro. Kana mamiriro akanyanya kuoma, unogona kungobatidza 4x4 system uye unenge wagona.

Yamaha YFZ450R

Kufarira mukuita quads nguva pfupi yadarika yakatsiva kufarira mumitambo quads, asi iyo Yamaha YZF450R inguva-inokudzwa modhi. Iyo inozivikanwa mumarudzi akasiyana siyana uye yazvino vhezheni ine nyowani clutch dhizaini inoita kuti zvive nyore kutyaira.

Polaris Mutambi

Polaris inopa iyi modhi pamutengo unodhura kwazvo neinoshamisa yekuyambuka nyika kutyaira kugona. Injini inokwana 570 cm3 ikozvino, iko kutapurirana kuri otomatiki.

Polaris RZR XP1000

Ichi chikara chemurenje chinofambiswa ne1,0 hp 107-liter ProStar injini! Hapana kana chipingaidzo chekuti kumiswa kwekumashure ne 46 cm yekufamba uye kumberi kumiswa ne 41 cm haigone kugadzirisa, uye kumberi mwenje mwenje weLED kunopa kuita kwakanaka kwehusiku.

Unogona-Am Maverick Max 1000

Iyi UTV inosanganisa zvigaro zvina zvirefu zvekumisa uye inozivikanwa 101 hp Rotax injini. Iyo 1000R X xc vhezheni ine tsoka diki uye inobvumidza kushandiswa kwekunatsa kujekesa musango.

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, huwandu hweATVs hwave hombe, saka pano isu tichazongo tarisa mamodheru kubva kune makuru, anozivikanwa uye ane mukurumbira vagadziri muindastiri.

Honda

ATтилита ATV: FourTrax Foromani, FourTrax Rancher, FourTrax Rubicon и FourTrax Recon.

Mitambo ATV: TRX250R, TRX450R uye TRX700XX.

Pedyo: Big Red MUV.

Yamaha

Anochinjika ATV: Grizzly 700 FI, Grizzly 550 FI, Grizzly 450, Grizzly 125 uye Big Bear 400.

Mitambo ATV: Raptor 125, Raptor 250, Raptor 700, YFZ450X uye YFZ450R.

UTV: Rhino 700 uye Rhino 450.

Polar Star

Anochinjika ATV: Sportsman 850 XP, Sportsman 550 XP, Sportsman 500 HO uye Sportsman 400 HO.

Mitambo ATV: Outlaw 525 IRS, Scrambler 500, Trail Blazer 330 uye Trail Boss 330.

UTV: Ranger 400, Ranger 500, Ranger 800 XP, Ranger 800 Crew, Ranger Diesel, Ranger RZR 570, Ranger RZR 800, Ranger RZR 4 800 uye Ranger RZR XP 900.

Suzuki

Nzvimbo ATV: KingQuad 400 FSi, KingQuad 400 ASi, KingQuad 500 и KingQuad 750.

Mitambo ATV: QuadRacer LT-R450, QuadSport Z400 uye QuadSport Z250.

Kawasaki

Anochinjika ATV: Brute Force 750, Brute Force 650, Prairie 360 ​​uye Bayou 250.

Mitambo ATV: KFX450R uye KFX700.

UTV: Teryx 750, Mule 600, Nhuru 610, Nhuru 4010, Nhururu 4010 Diesel uye Nyura 4010 Trans4x4.

Arctic Cat

Anochinjika ATV: ThunderCat H2, 700 S, 700 H1, 700 TRV, 700 Super Duty Diesel, 650 H1, MudPro, 550 H1, 550 S uye 366.

Mitambo ATV: 300DVX uye XC450i.

UTV: Prowler 1000, Prowler 700 uye Prowler 550.

Unogona-Am

Anochinjika ATV: Outlander 400, Outlander MAX 400, Outlander 500, Outlander MAX 500, Outlander 650, Outlander 800R uye Outlander MAX 800R.

Mitambo ATV: DS 450, DS 250, Renegade 500 uye Renegade 800R.

UTV: Mutungamiriri 800R и Mutungamiriri 1000.

John Deere

UTV: Gator XUV 4 × 4 625i, Gator XUV 4 × 4 825i, Gator XUV 4 × 4 855D, High Performance HPX 4 × 4 и Yakakwira Performance HPX Diesel 4 × 4.

kymco

Magetsi ATV: MXU 150, MXU 300, MXU 375 uye MXU 500 IRS.

Mitambo ATV: Mongoose 300 uye Maxxer 375 IRS.

UTV: UXV 500, UXV 500 SE uye UXV 500 LE.

lynx

UTV: 3400 4 × 4, 3400XL 4 × 4, 3450 4 × 4, 3200 2 × 4, Toolcat 5600 Magetsi Ekushandisa Machine и Toolcat 5610 Magetsi Ekushandisa Machine

Vamwe

Magetsi ATV: Argo Avenger 8 × 8, Tomberlin SDX 600 4 × 4, Bennche Grey Wolf 700.

Mitambo ATV: KTM SX ATV 450, KTM SX ATV 505, KTM XC ATV 450 uye Hyosung TE 450.

UTV: Cub Cadet Kuzvipira 4 × 4 uye Kubota RTV 900.