Ndeipi injini iri nani yakasikwa kana turbocharged?

Mubvunzo wekusarudza mota ine turbocharged kana yakajairika yakasikwa injini pane imwe nguva inotarisana zvakanyanya nemudiwa wemota ari kufunga nezvekutenga mota nyowani. Zvose zvingasarudzwa zvine simba razvo uye kushaya simba kwekufunga. A turbocharged mota inowanzobatanidzwa nesimba. Ipo aspirated akaisa pabhajeti mota diki. Asi nhasi kune maitiro apo mota dzakawanda, kunyangwe muchikamu chemutengo wepakati, dzakashongedzerwa neturbocharged peturu zvikamu.

Isu tichaedza kufunga dambudziko iri pawebhusaiti yedu Vodi.su: ndeipi injini iri nani - mumhepo kana turbocharged. Kunyange zvakadaro, hapana mhinduro imwechete yechokwadi. Munhu wese anozvisarudzira, zvichienderana nezvaanoda, kugona kwemari uye zvishuwo.

Atmospheric injini: zvakanakira uye zvazvakaipira

Iwo anonzi atmospheric nekuti mhepo inodiwa pamusanganiswa wemafuta-mhepo inosvetwa muinjini kuburikidza nemhepo inotorwa kubva mumhepo. Iyo inopfuura nepamhepo sefa, uye yobva yasanganiswa nepeturu mune yakawanda yekudyara uye inogoverwa kumakamuri ekupisa. Iyi dhizaini iri nyore uye muenzaniso weiyo yekare injini yekupisa yemukati.

Ndeapi masimba emagetsi emuchadenga?

• dhizaini iri nyore inoreva mutengo wakaderera;
• mayunitsi akadaro haanyanyi kudiwa pamhando yemafuta uye mafuta ekuzora, kunyanya kana uchityaira mota dzemumba;
• mileage yekugadzirisa, zvichienderana nekugadziriswa nenguva nemafuta uye shanduko yefirita, inogona kusvika 300-500 zviuru zvemakiromita;
• kuchengetedza - kudzorera injini yemhepo inodhura zvishoma pane turbocharged imwe;
• kushandiswa kwemavhoriyamu madiki emafuta, inogona kutsiviwa yega yega 10-15 zviuru zvemakiromita (isu munguva pfupi yapfuura takafunga nezvenyaya iyi paVodi.su);
• iyo mota inodziya nekukurumidza pazasi-zero tembiricha, zviri nyore kuitanga mukutonhora kwekunze.

Kana tikataura pamusoro pezvisina kunaka zvichienzaniswa ne turbine, ndezvinotevera.

Chekutanga, rudzi urwu rwemayuniti emagetsi runoratidzwa nesimba shoma rine mavhoriyamu akafanana.. Muchiitiko ichi, muenzaniso wakajeka unopiwa: nehuwandu hwe 1.6 litita, shanduro yemhepo inosvina 120 horsepower. Lita rimwe rinokwana kuti injini ye turbocharged iwane kukosha kwesimba iri.

Yechipiri minus inoteedzera kubva kune yapfuura - aspirated inorema zvakanyanya, iyo, zvechokwadi, inoratidzwa pamaitiro ane simba emotokari.

Chetatu, kushandiswa kwepeturu kuchakwirawo.pakuenzanisa sarudzo mbiri nesimba rimwechete. Saka, turbocharged injini ine vhoriyamu 1.6 malita achakwanisa kukudziridza simba 140 hp, kupisa 8-9 litres mafuta. Atmospheric, yekushanda munzvimbo dzakadaro, inoda 11-12 malita emafuta.

Pane chimwezve chinhu: mumakomo, umo mhepo inonyanya kushomeka, mota yemuchadenga haizove nesimba rakakwana rekufamba nepakati penyika yakaoma ine nyoka uye migwagwa yakamanikana pamakona akakwirira. Musanganiswa uchave wakaonda.

Turbocharged injini: simba uye kushaya simba

Iyi vhezheni yemayuniti emagetsi ine akati wandei mapoinzi akanaka. Chekutanga, vagadziri vemotokari vakatanga kuashandisa zvakanyanya nekuda kwechikonzero chiri nyore kuti simba rakakwirira rinowanikwa nekuda kwekutsva kwemagasi emhepo, uye kubuda kushoma kunokuvadza kunoburitswa mumhepo. Zvakare, nekuda kwekuvapo kweturbine, mota idzi dzinorema zvishoma, izvo zvinokanganisa huwandu hwezviratidzo: acceleration dynamics, mukana weiyo compact kuisirwa uye kuderedzwa kwehukuru hwemotokari pachayo, ine mwero kushandiswa kwemafuta.

Isu tinonyora zvimwe zvakanakira:

• high torque;
• nyore kufamba munzira dzakaoma;
• imwe injini inosimudzira yakanakira SUVs;
• panguva yekushanda kwayo, kusvibiswa kushoma kweruzha kunoburitswa.

Mushure mekuverenga chikamu chakapfuura uye zvakanakira zvakanyorwa pamusoro apa, unogona kufunga kuti mota dzine injini dzine turbocharged dzinenge dzisina kuipa. Asi aya angave maonero asina kururama.

Iyo turbine ine kukwana kwakakwana:

• unofanira kuchinja oiri kakawanda, nepo zvinodhura synthetics;
• hupenyu hwebasa re turbocharger kazhinji kazhinji 120-200 zviuru zvemakiromita, mushure mezvo kugadzirisa kunodhura kuchave kwakakosha nekutsiviwa kwekaturiji kana gungano rose returbocharger;
• peturu inodawo kutengwa yemhando yakanaka pazviteshi zvepeturu uye zvakanyatsoenderana nenhamba yeoctane inodiwa nemugadziri muchinyorwa;
• compressor kushanda zvinoenderana nemamiriro emhepo sefa - chero mechaniki particle inopinda mu turbine inogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba.

Turbine inoda kunyatsongwarira maitiro. Semuenzaniso, haugone kudzima injini nekukurumidza mushure mekumira. Izvo zvinodikanwa kurega iyo compressor ichimhanya zvishoma pane isina basa kusvikira yatonhorera pasi zvachose. Mumamiriro okunze anotonhora, kudziya-kwenguva refu pakumhanya kwakaderera kunodiwa.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti tekinoroji inogara ichishanduka, saka ese ari maviri einjini ari kuwedzera akavimbika uye anobudirira. Mhinduro kumubvunzo wekuti ndeipi injini iri nani kushuvira kana kuti turbocharged zvinoenderana nezvaunoda: uri kutenga mota yekufamba, kana iwe unoda kutenga SUV yekufamba nzendo refu. Paunenge uchitenga motokari yakashandiswa, injini dze turbocharged dzinobatwa zvisina kunaka, sezvo kugadzirisa turbocharger kana kutsiva kwakakwana inongova nyaya yenguva.

Turbine kana mumhepo. Chii chiri nani

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