Imhandoi yemafuta inodururwa muchidhiraivho chemagetsi?
Motokari dzekutanga dzakagadzirwa uye dzakashandiswa pasina magetsi ekufambisa. Ichi chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa pakutanga kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri. Pfungwa yekutanga yemotokari ine simba rekutungamira yakapihwa muna 1926 (General Motors), asi yakapinda mukugadzirwa kwakawanda mu.
Iyo magetsi inotungamira inopa mutyairi nyore uye akavimbika kutonga kwemotokari. Iyo sisitimu inoda kunenge isina gadziriso, kunze kweiyo periodic oiri kuzadza. Ndeupi rudzi rwemvura, kangani uye nei kuzadza simba rekufambisa - verenga chinyorwa.
Danho rekutanga nderekujekesa kuti yakajairika injini mafuta uye yakakosha magetsi ekufambisa zvinwiwa zvakasiyana. Pasinei nokuti vanotumidzwa zvakafanana, boka rechipiri rine makemikari akaoma zvikuru. Naizvozvo, hazvibviri kuzadza mafuta akajairika - zvinokuvadza system.
Pamusoro pekupa mutyairi nyaradzo uye kufambisa basa rake, iyo fluid iri musimba rekutungamira system inoita akati wandei akakosha mabasa.
- Moisturizing uye lubricating zvinofamba zvikamu.
- Kutonhora kwezvikamu zvemukati, kubviswa kwekupisa kwakanyanya.
- Kudzivirirwa kwehurongwa kubva mukuora (special additives).
Kuumbwa kwemafuta kunosanganisirawo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinowedzera. Mabasa avo:
- kugadzikana kwe viscosity uye acidity yemvura;
- kudzivirira kuonekwa kwefuro;
- kuchengetedzwa kwezvikamu zverubha.
Nokudaro, zvakakosha kutarisa kuvapo uye mamiriro emafuta mu hydraulic booster. Muchidimbu, motokari inogona kutyaira kwechinguva nemafuta akakuvadzwa kana huwandu hwayo husina kukwana, asi izvi zvinotungamirira kukuparara kwegadziriro yemagetsi, kugadzirisa iyo inodhura.
Inowanikwa muyero, tsvuku uye yegirini. Vazhinji vatyairi vanotungamirirwa nemuvara pakusarudza. Asi iwe unofanirwa kuverenga zvakaumbwa zvakanyanya kuti uone mushonga wakakodzera. Kutanga, sarudza rudzi rwemafuta anopiwa: synthetic kana mineral. Mukuwedzera, iwe unofanirwa kuterera kune zvinotevera zviratidzo:
- viscosity;
- Chemical properties;
- hydraulic properties;
- mechanical properties.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti maoiri ekugadzira haawanzo kushandiswa kune izvi zvinangwa, kunyanya nekuda kwehukasha hwavo kune erabha zvinhu zvehurongwa. Izvo zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumichina yehunyanzvi, kana yakabvumidzwa nemugadziri.
Mineral oiri akagadzirirwa chaizvo kusvuta masisitimu akadaro. Kusiyana kwavo pamusika kwakakura zvakanyanya - kubva kune yekutanga, inogadzirwa neautomaker, kune fakes. Paunenge uchisarudza, iwe unofanirwa kuvimba nemazano ari muchitupa chekunyoresa mota. Zvakare, iyo inosarudzika mafuta inogona kuratidzwa pane kapu yetangi yekuwedzera.
- Dextron (ATF) - yakatanga kudururirwa muhurongwa hwemotokari dzakagadzirwa kumabvazuva (Japan, China, Korea);
- Pentosin - inonyanya kushandiswa muGermany nedzimwe motokari dzeEurope.
Dextron yero kana tsvuku, Pentosin yakasvibira. Kusiyana kwemavara kunokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwakakosha kunogadzira zvigadzirwa.
Zvakare, mari idzi dzinosiyana mune kinematic viscosity mukati mekushanda tembiricha. Saka, zvicherwa zvinochengeta zvivakwa zvavo patembiricha kubva -40 ° C kusvika +90 ° C. Synthetic inonzwa yakakura mumhando kubva -40 ° C kusvika
Vatyairi vazhinji vanotenda kuti kushandura mafuta mudhiraivha yesimba hazvizove zvakakosha mukati mehupenyu hwese hwebasa. Asi mamiriro ekushandiswa kwemotokari akasiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune yakanaka, saka inogona kuoma, kudonha, kudonha, nezvimwe.
Iyo shanduko nzira inokurudzirwa mumamiriro anotevera:
- zvichienderana nemileage: Dextron mushure memakumi mana ezviuru km, Pentosin zvishoma kazhinji, mushure
100-150 zviuru zvemakiromita; - apo ruzha kana zvimwe zvisizvo zvidiki zvikaitika muhurongwa;
- nedambudziko rekutenderedza chidhiraivho;
- pakutenga motokari yakashandiswa;
- pakuchinja ruvara, kuenderana, lubrication level (kuona kutonga).
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zviri nani kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvepakutanga. Kudzora kwehutano kunovimbisa kuti ichaita mabasa ayo muGUR uye haizoikuvadza.
Mix kana kwete?
Zvinoitika kuti pane zvakasara zvemvura izvo zvinosiririsa kudurura. Kana kuti tangi izere 2/3. Chii chekuita mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro - dururira zvinhu zvose uye uzadze imwe itsva, kana iwe unogona kuchengetedza mari?
Zvinotendwa zvakanyanya kuti mafuta emhando imwechete anogona kusanganiswa. Yakarurama zvishoma, asi haigone kutorwa seaxiom. Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinofanirawo kutariswa:
- zvose zvinwiwa ndezvemhando imwechete (synthetic kana mineral);
- maitiro emakemikari ezvigadzirwa anoenderana;
- unogona kusanganisa mune zvinotevera mavara zvirongwa: tsvuku = tsvuku, tsvuku = yero, girini = girini.
Kazhinji kazhinji, vagadziri vanogadzira chigadzirwa chimwe chete pasi pemazita akasiyana uye nekuwedzera kwetsvina isingakanganisi kushanda kwayo. Iwe unogona kuzviwana nekudzidza makemikari. Zvinwiwa zvakadaro zvinogona kusanganiswa zvisina njodzi.
Zvakare, kana chigadzirwa cherumwe ruvara pane chitsva chakashandiswa muhurongwa, zvinokurudzirwa kunyatsochisuka. Paunenge uchisanganisa zvinwiwa zvakasiyana, furo rinogona kuumbwa, izvo zvinokanganisa kushanda kwesimba rekutungamira.
Isu tinoronga ruzivo rwekuti ndeupi mafuta anofanirwa kudururwa mudhiraivha yemagetsi.
- Kune marudzi maviri ezvigadzirwa - mineral uye synthetic. Vanogona kuva tsvuku, yero uye girini.
- Kutsiva kunofanira kuitwa mushure memakumi mana ezviuru zvemakiromita (yeDextron) kana 40-100 zviuru zvemakiromita (yePentosin), kana iyo system iri kushanda nemazvo.
- Ese otomatiki transmissions uye akawanda manyorerwo ekufambisa anozadzwa nemafuta emamineral. Kana iwe uchida kushandisa synthetic - izvi zvinotsanangurwa zvakajeka mune data sheet.
- Iwe unogona kusanganisa mafuta emuvara wakafanana, pamwe chete nemutsvuku uye mutsvuku, kana makemikari avo akafanana.
- Kuti uzvidzivirire kubva kune kusashanda uye kuparara kwehurongwa, unofanirwa kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvepakutanga.
- Mhando yemvura inodiwa inogona kuratidzwa pachivharo chetangi yayo.
Kubvisa uye kushandura oiri inzira iri nyore inogona kuitwa nemutyairi wese.
