Yekutengesa mota mudziyo

Yese injini yemukati yemoto inomhanya nepeturu kana gasi haigone kushanda pasina yekupusha system. Ngatitarisei kuti chii chakasarudzika, pane musimboti inoshanda, uye ndeapi marudzi

Chii chinonzi mota kuvesa system

Marongedzero emota ine injini yepeturu idunhu remagetsi rine zvinhu zvakawanda zvakasiyana zvinoenderana nekushanda kwesimba rese remagetsi. Chinangwa chayo ndechekusimbisa kuenderera kwekupa kwemasaraki kumasirinda umo mweya-huni musanganiswa watove wakatsindirwa (compression sitiroko).

Injini dzedhiziri hadzina iyo yemhando yekupisa. Mavari, kuvesa kwemafuta-emhepo musanganiswa kunoitika zvichienderana nechimwe chirevo. Mune humburumbira, panguva yekumanikidza kurohwa, mweya unomanikidzwa kusvika pakuti unopisa kusvika pakupisa kwemafuta.

Pamusoro pakafa nzvimbo pane yekumanikidza sitiroko, mafuta anoiswa jekiseni musilinda, zvichikonzera kuputika. Kupenya plugs kunoshandiswa kugadzirira mweya musilinda munguva yechando.

Chii chiri iyo yekuvesa system?

Mumafuta epeturu emagetsi epasi, inodzivira system inodiwa ku:

• Kugadzirwa kwesarimi mune inoenderana humburumbira;
• Kugadziriswa panguva yakakodzera kwekushushikana (iyo pisitoni iri panzvimbo yepamusoro yekufa kwekumanikidza sitiroko, ese mavhavha akavharwa);
• Dzimara rine simba zvakakwana kubatidza peturu kana gasi;
• Maitiro anoramba achienderera ekushanda kwemasilindiri ese, zvinoenderana neyakagadziriswa mashandiro eboka re humburumbira-pisitoni.

Ainoita

Zvisinei nemhando yesystem, musimboti wekushanda unoramba wakafanana. Iyo crankshaft chinzvimbo sensor inoona iyo nguva iyo iyo pisitoni mune yekutanga humburumbira iri pamusoro pakafa nzvimbo yekumanikidza sitiroko. Ino nguva ino tarisa kurongeka kwekukonzera kweinobva sarufa mune inoenderana humburumbira. Tevere, iyo control unit kana switch inopinda mukushanda (zvinoenderana nerudzi rweesystem). Iko kushushikana kunoendeswa kune chishandiso chekutonga, icho chinotumira chiratidzo kune iyo kuvesa coil.

Iyo coil inoshandisa imwe yesimba kubva kubhatiri uye inogadzira yakakwira voltage kupisa iyo inoenda kuvhavha. Kubva ipapo, yazvino inoshandiswa kune spark plug yeiyo humburumbira, iyo inogadzira kubuda. Iyo sisitimu yese inoshanda nemwenje pa - kiyi inotendeukira kune yakakodzera nzvimbo.

Car kuvesa system dhayagiramu

Iyo chishandiso cheiyo yakasarudzika SZ scheme inosanganisira:

• Simba remagetsi (bhatiri);
• Starter ataure;
• Bata boka mukiyi yekuvesa;
• KZ (simba rekuchengetedza kana shanduri);
• Capacitor;
• Distributor;
• Breaker;
• Waya dzeBB;
• Kwakajairika waya dzinotakura yakaderera magetsi;
• Dzomoto chivhariso.

Mhando huru dzekuvesa masisitimu

Pakati peese SZ, pane maviri makuru mhando:

• Bata;
• Kusabata.

Nheyo yekushanda mavari haina kuchinjika - dunhu remagetsi rinogadzira uye rinopa simba remagetsi. Ivo vanosiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe munzira yavanogovanisa uye nekuisa kushushikana kune inoitisa chishandiso, umo inotsva inoumbwa.

Kune zvakare transistor (inductor) uye thyristor (capacitor) masisitimu. Izvo zvakasiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe musimboti wekuchengetedza simba. Muchiitiko chekutanga, inounganidzwa mumagineti kune iyo coil, uye ma transistor anoshandiswa seanotyora. Muchiitiko chechipiri, simba rinowanikwa mune iyo capacitor, uye thyristor inoshanda seyakatsemuka. Kazhinji kacho anowanzo shandurwa transistor.

Bata moto masisitimu

Masisitimu akadaro ane chimiro chakareruka. Mavari, magetsi anopihwa kubva kubhatiri kuenda kune coil. Ikoko, yakakwira magetsi yazvino inogadzirwa, iyo inoyerera ichienda kune yemagetsi Distributor. Kugovera kweiri kurongeka kwekusimudzira kuendesa kune masirinda kunoenderana nesirinda kutevedzana. Iko kushushikana kunoiswa kune inoenderana spark plug.

Masisitimu ekubata anosanganisira bhatiri uye transistor mhando. Muchiitiko chekutanga, pane yemakanika breaker mumugadziri muviri, iyo inotyora denderedzwa kuburitsa uye inovhara dunhu rekuchaja mairi-wedunhu coil (iyo yekutanga kumhanyisa inobhadhariswa). Iyo transistor system panzvimbo yemakaniki breaker ine transistor iyo inogadzirisa iyo coil yekuchaja nguva.

Mune masystem ane mechanical breaker, iyo capacitor inowedzerwa yakaiswa, iyo inoderedza mafashama emagetsi panguva yekuvhara / kuvhura kwedunhu. Mumasekete akadaro, mwero unopisa weanobata mabhureki wakadzikira, izvo zvinowedzera hupenyu hwebasa rechishandiso.

Transistor maseketi anogona kuve neanopfuura kana anopfuura ma transistors (zvinoenderana nenhamba yemakoiri) ayo anoita se switch muchikamu. Ivo vanobatidza kana kudzima iyo yekutanga kumhanyisa iyo coil. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, hapana chikonzero cheiyo capacitor nekuti iyo ichitenderera yakavhurika / kudzima kana yakaderera voltage inoshandiswa.

Zvekusabatana zvisina kufanira masisitimu

Ose maSZ emhando iyi haana ma mechanical breaker. Panzvimbo iyoyo, pane sensor inoshanda pane isiri-yekutaurirana nheyo yekufurira. Inopinza, horo kana optical sensors inogona kushandiswa seyekudzora chishandiso chinoshanda pane transistor switch.

Mazuva ano mota dzakashongedzerwa nemhando yemagetsi SZ. Mariri, yakakwira voltage inogadzirwa uye inoparadzirwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzemagetsi. Iyo microprocessor system inonyatso kugadzirisa nguva yekuvezwa kwemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa.

Boka remasisitimu asina hukama anosanganisira:

• Imwe spark coil. Mune masisitimu akadaro, kenduru yega yega yakabatana nedunhu rakapfupi. Imwe yemabhenefiti ehurongwa hwakadai kudzima kweimwe humburumbira kana coil ikakundikana. Shanduko mumadhirama aya inogona kunge iri seimwe block kana munhu wega padunhu rega rega pfupi. Mune mamwe mamodheru emota, bhuroka iri riri muECU. Masystem akadaro ane waya dzinoputika.
• Yakazvimiririra coil pamakenduru (COP). Kuisa denderedzwa pfupi pamusoro pecheki plug kwakabvisa tambo dzinoputika.
• Yakapetwa kaviri coils (DIS). Mune masisitimu akadaro, pane makenduru maviri paoil. Pane zvingasarudzwa zviviri zvekuisa zvikamu izvi: pamusoro pekenduru kana zvakananga pairi. Asi muzviitiko zvese izvi, iyo DIS inoda tambo yakakura yemagetsi.

Zvekusagadziriswa kwekushandurwa kwekushandurwa kwemagetsi kweSZ, zvinodikanwa kuti uve nema sensors ekuwedzera anorekodha zviratidzo zvakasiyana zvinokanganisa nguva yekuvesa, kuwanda uye kushaya simba. Zviratidzo zvese zvinoenda kune iyo ECU, iyo inogadzirisa system inoenderana nezvigadziriso zvemugadziri.

Zvemagetsi SZ zvinogona kuiswa pane ese majekiseni uye carburetor injini. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvakanakira pamusoro pesarudzo yekubata. Imwe bhenefiti ihwo hwakawedzera hupenyu hwebasa hwezvakawanda zvezvinhu zvakasanganiswa mudunhu remagetsi.

Iko kusakosha kukuru kweiyo kuveza system

Iyo yakawanda kwazvo mota dzazvino uno dzakashongedzerwa nemagetsi kuvesa, nekuti iri yakatsiga kupfuura yechinyakare vhasi chishandiso. Asi kunyangwe iyo yakatsiga nadzurudzo inogona kunge iine kukanganisa kwayo. Periodic diagnostics inobvumidza iwe kuona kushomeka mumatanho ekutanga. Izvi zvinodzivirira kugadzirisa kunodhura kwemotokari.

Pakati pezvikanganiso zvakakura zveSZ ndiko kukundikana kwechimwe chezvinhu zvemagetsi wedunhu:

• Galvanzie coils;
• Makenduru;
• BB waya.

Mazhinji kukanganisa kunogona kuwanikwa kune kwavo uye kubviswa nekutsiva chakatadza chinhu. Kazhinji cheki yacho inogona kuitiswa uchishandisa michina yekuzvigadzirira iyo inokutendera kuti uone kuvapo kwesaraki kana pfupi redunhu mhosva. Mamwe matambudziko anogona kuzivikanwa nekutariswa kwekuona, semuenzaniso, kana kuputirwa kwetambo dzinoputika kukanganisika kana kabhoni dhipoziti ikaonekwa pane vanobatana nemapark plugs.

Iyo yekutsveta system inogona kutadza nekuda kwezvikonzero zvinotevera:

• Basa risiri iro - kusateedzera nemirau kana kuongororwa kwehunhu;
• Kusashanda zvakanaka kwemotokari, semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwemafuta epasi-shoma, kana zvikamu zvisingavimbike zvinogona kukurumidza kukundikana;
• Hwakaipa hunhu hwekunze senge inonaya mamiriro ekunze, kukuvara kunokonzerwa nekudengenyeka kwakasimba kana kupisa zvakanyanya.

Kana mumagetsi kuiswa mumotokari, zvikanganiso muECU zvinokanganisawo mashandiro akanaka emoto. Zvakare, zvinokanganisa zvinogona kuitika kana imwe yeakakosha sensors ikatyoka. Nzira inoshanda kwazvo yekuyedza sisitimu yese ine chiridzwa chinonzi oscilloscope. Izvo zvakaoma kuzvimiririra kuona kusashanda chaiko kweiyo kuvesa koira.

Iyo oscillogram inoratidza masimba echishandiso. Nenzira iyi, semuenzaniso, iyo yekuvhara-kutenderera kuvharwa kunogona kuonekwa. Nekusashanda kwakadaro, iyo nguva yemoto unopfuta uye simba rayo rinogona kuderera zvakanyanya. Nechikonzero ichi, kanokwana kamwe pagore, zvakafanira kuita zvizere kuongororwa kwehurongwa hwese uye kugadzirisa (kana iri yekudyidzana system) kana kubvisa zvikanganiso zveECU.

Iwe unofanirwa kuteerera kune SZ kana:

• Injini yekutsva yemukati haina kutanga zvakanaka (kunyanya pane inotonhora);
• Iyo mota haina kugadzikana paisina basa;
• Simba reinjini yekutsva yemukati yadonha;
• Mafuta anoshandiswa awedzera.

Iyi inotevera tafura inonyora zvimwe zvekukanganisa kweiyuniti yekuratidzira uye kuratidzwa kwavo:

Kuratidzira:	Possible chikonzero:
1. Kuoma kutanga injini kana hakutangi zvachose; 2. Isina kugadzikana idle kumhanya	Kuchengetedzwa kwetambo rinoputika kwakaputsika (kuputsika); Makenduru asina kukwana; Kuputsa kana kusashanda kweiyo coil; Iyo yekuvhara yeiyo yekuparadzira sensor yatyoka kana kusashanda kwayo; Kuputsika kweshanduko.
1. Kuwedzera mafuta ekushandisa; 2. Yakadzikira simba remota	Hwakaipa tsvina (kabhoni inoisa pane vanobata kana kuputsa kweSZ); Kukundikana kwemutemo weOZ.

Heino tafura yezviratidzo zvekunze uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvemagetsi system:

Chiratidzo chekunze:	Kukanganisa:
1. Kuoma kutanga injini kana hakutangi zvachose; 2. Isina kugadzikana idle kumhanya	Kuputsika kwetambo dzinoputika (imwe kana kupfuura), kana ivo vari mudunhu; Kukanganisa semapulagi plugs; Kuputsika kana kusashanda kweseketi pfupi; Kuputsika kweimwe kana anopfuura maseru makuru (horo, DPKV, nezvimwewo); Zvikanganiso muECU.
1. Kuwedzera mafuta ekushandisa; 2. Simba remota radonha	Carbon inoisa pane spark plugs kana kusashanda kwavo. Kuputsika kwema sensors ekupinza (horo, DPKV, nezvimwewo); Zvikanganiso muECU.

Sezvo masisitimu emagetsi asingabatanidzwe asina zvinhu zvinofamba, mumotokari dzazvino, nekuongororwa kwekukurumidza kwekuparara, SZ haina kujairika kupfuura mota dzekare.

Mazhinji kuratidzwa kwekunze kweSZ kusashanda kwakafanana nekukanganisa kweiyo mafuta system. Neichi chikonzero, usati waedza kugadzirisa chinoratidzika kutadza kufoira, ita shuwa kuti mamwe masisitimu ari kushanda nemazvo.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ndeapi masystem ekubatidza aripo? Mota dzinoshandisa kuonana uye kusabatika masystem. Rudzi rwechipiri rweSZ rune magadzirirwo akati wandei. Electronic ignition inosanganisirwa muchikamu cheBSZ.

Nzira yekuziva sei iyo ignition system? Mota dzese dzemazuvano dzakashongedzerwa neinobatisa ignition system. A Hall sensor inogona kushandiswa mune inogovera pane yekare. Muchiitiko ichi, kupisa hakusi-kusangana.

Ko mota yekubatidza mota inoshanda sei? Ignition lock, magetsi sosi (bhatiri nejenareta), coil yekubatidza, spark plugs, ignition distributor, switch, control unit uye DPKV (yeBSZ).