Ungasarudza sei injini yemafuta
Zviri mukati
Chero chero mutyairi anofanirwa kuziva kunge maviri kana maviri: mafuta ari muinjini yemota akafanana neayo circulatory system. Kubudirira uye kusimba kwemotokari zvinoenderana nazvo.
Naizvozvo, mutyairi anofanira kuziva kangani kuchinja injini yemafuta uye ndeipi yakanyanya kunaka kusarudza. Hezvino izvo zvinokurudzirwa nenyanzvi.
Ndezvipi zvirinani kushandisa
Nekukanganisa, varidzi vemotokari vazhinji vanotenda kuti kufarirwa kweimwe mhando yemafuta chinhu chakakosha mune iyi nyaya. Asi muchokwadi izvi zviri kure nezvenyaya iyi.
Hezvino zvekufunga nezvazvo:
- kurudziro yemugadziri wemotokari;
- Mamiriro ekushanda;
- mota zviwanikwa.
Chekutanga, pavanenge vachigadzira injini, vagadziri vanoita bvunzo panguva iyo "goridhe zvinoreva" mukushandiswa kweinjini oiri inoonekwa. Naizvozvo, zviri nani kutevedzera kurudziro yemugadziri.
Chechipiri, dzimwe nguva mota ino shandiswa mumamiriro asinga zadzise zvinodiwa nechero chinodikanwa chemafuta. Semuenzaniso, nzvimbo ine nguva yechando yakaoma.
Chechitatu, nekuda kwekupfeka kweiyo pisitoni mhete, iyo clearance mukati memasirinda inova yakakura. Naizvozvo, mune mota dzekare, zvishandiso zvine yakaderera viscosity hazvibatsiri.
Chikamu cheSAE
Kana mota isisiri mukati menguva yewarandi uye injini yave "kumhanya-mukati", unogona kusarudza girizi inonyatsokodzera yeICE kune mamiriro emuno. Sei usarasike mumhando dzakasiyana siyana dzemashefu?
Chekutanga pane zvese, zvakakosha kuti utarise kune kukosha kweSAE. Iyo inogara ichiratidzwa pane kagaba. Semuenzaniso, 5W-30. Tsamba iri pakumaka iyi inoratidza mwero wema viscosity munguva yechando (yechando). Iyo nhamba iri pamberi payo inoratidza iwo madiki tembiricha chikumbaridzo panguva iyo iyo yekutanga iyo inosununguka zvakasununguka iyo crankshaft. Mune ino kesi, ichi chimiro chinenge chiri mukati me30 degrees echando.
Tafura yekukubatsira iwe kuwana mafuta akakodzera emamiriro ako emuno:
Cold kutanga tembiricha: | Chikamu cheSAE | Kunonyanyisa mhepo tembiricha: |
Kubva - 35 uye pazasi | 0W-30 / 0W-40 | + 25 / + 30 |
-30 | 5W-30 / 5W-40 | + 25 / + 35 |
-25 | 10W-30 / 10W-40 | + 25 / + 35 |
-20 / -15 | 15W-40 / 20W-40 | + 45 / + 45 |
Sezvauri kuona, mamwe marudzi emafuta akagadzirirwa kushandiswa mune yakasarudzika mamiriro. Pakati pemagetsi "epasi rese" pane semi-synthetics.
Sarudzo kurudziro
Kana injini iri pa "kumhanya-mukati" nhanho, ndiko kuti, ese mitezo mitsva yakaiswa mushure mekugadzirisa kana pakutenga kwekutanga kwemota haisati yashandiswa, nyanzvi dzinopa zano kushandisa zvakaderera-viscosity zvinhu. Kusiyana neakakura analogue, mafuta akadaro anogadzira rakatetepa rekudzivirira firimu pamusoro pekupora zvinhu. Izvi zvinopa zvakapfava "kukuya" kweboka repiston, mabheyaringi, bushings, mibhedha yecamshaft, nezvimwe. Semuenzaniso, mune ino kesi, minders vanokurudzira kudira 5W-30, kana 0W-20.
Iyo yakakura injini iri, iyo inowedzera iyo viscosity yeinjini oiri inofanira kuve. Semuenzaniso, 5W-40 uye yakadzika mukirasi. Nenzira iyi mota haizorasi simba pakakwirira revs. Makakatanwa makuru achabhadharwa nefirimu ine mafuta yakawanda. Uye izvi zvinokanganisa mashandisiro emafuta (munzira yekugona).
Nzira yekuziva kana iri nguva yekuchinjira kune chimwe chikamu chemafuta emota? Heano mubatanidzwa wezvinhu zvinoratidza izvi:
- mileage yakakwirira;
- kuwedzera mafuta kunwa;
- yakaderedzwa mota mota.
Imwe poindi ndiyo nzira yekutyaira. Pakareba rpm, injini inogara ichipisa zvakanyanya. Uye iyo yepamusoro tembiricha, iyo yakaderera iyo viscosity yemafuta emota. Naizvozvo, iye mutyairi pachake anofanirwa kuona zvinoreva goridhe kumota yake.
Kurongwa kwe API
Pamusoro pekuisa mafuta nemasikisi, iwo akapatsanurwa kuita akati wandei API zvikamu. Iyi ndiyo nzira inobvumidza iwe kusarudza girizi maererano nemhando yemota uye gore rekugadzirwa kwayo.
Ose enjini oiri akarongwa mumhando nhatu huru:
- S - lubricants kuti carburetor uye jekiseni injini;
- С - zvakafanana nedhiziri yemukati injini dzinotsva;
- T - injini mbiri-sitiroko.
Kutarisa kweAPI:
Gore rekugadzira mota: | API kirasi: |
Kusvikira 1967 | SA, SB, SC |
1967-1979 | SD |
1979-1993 | SF, SG |
1993-2001 | SH, SJ |
2001-2011 | SL, SM |
2011 | SN |
Kirasi ine mavara J, L, M, N inoonekwa sekumaka kwazvino nhasi. Mhando F, G, H dzinoonekwa sedzisina basa mota dzemafuta.
Sezvauri kuona, pakusarudza injini yemafuta, zvakakosha kuti utarise kwete chete iyo viscosity yayo padiki uye nekupisa kwakanyanya kwemamiriro ekunze. Dzimwe mhando dzemafuta dzinoitirwa chete peturu kana dhiziri magetsi zvikamu. Kunyangwe iwe uchigona kuwana zvakasarudzika sarudzo muzvitoro. Mune ino kesi, iro gaba rinoratidza: SN / CF.
Unochinja mafuta kangani?
Vagadziri vanowanzo kuratidza mubhuku remota kuti injini yemafuta inofanira kuchinjwa makiromita zviuru gumi. Vamwe vatyairi vanodzikisa nguva iyi kusvika zviuru zvisere kuti vawedzere kuvimba.
Nekudaro, mileage yemotokari haifanire kunge iri yega chiratidzo chekutsiva chirongwa. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisira:
- injini mitoro (kazhinji kutakura mitoro inorema);
- injini vhoriyamu. Injini-dzesimba dzemukati injini dzemoto pamota dzinorema dzinoda kuwedzerwa revs;
- maawa emajini. Kuti uwane ruzivo rwekuti dzinoverengerwa sei, ona separated article.
Nekudaro, kusarudzwa kwemafuta enjini idanho rakakosha mukuchengetedza mota. Kutevera kurudziro yakapusa yehunyanzvi, mutyairi anowedzera zvakanyanya zviwanikwa zve "moyo mhasuru" yebhiza rake resimbi.
Heino ipfupi vhidhiyo pfupiso yemamwe anozivikanwa mafuta zvigadzirwa:
Mibvunzo yakajairika:
Imhandoi yemafuta ekudira muinjini? Zvinoenderana nemamiriro yeyuniti yemagetsi uye kurudziro yemugadziri. Kana mota ikapihwa mvura yemaminerari, inenge iine mileage yakakwira, saka semi-synthetics kana synthetics ichagadzira firimu remafuta epasi-pasi, iro rinogona kukonzera kupisa nekukurumidza. Injini yedhiziri inovimba nerudzi rwayo rwegirisi.
Chii chinonzi viscosity yemafuta? Oiri viscosity inoreva kumanikidza kwesheya pakati pemafuta. Iyo viscosity inoenderana netembiricha yemvura. Iyo tembiricha yakakwira inoita kuti oiri iwedzere. Sezvo tembiricha inoderera, iyo viscosity inowedzera (inova mukobvu).
Dzinorevei nhamba dziri mumafuta? Kumaka, semuenzaniso 10W40, zvinoreva: 10 - viscosity pamhepo inotonhora yepasi, W - nguva yechando, 40 - viscosity pane yakanaka tembiricha. Kune mafuta echando (SAE5W) kana ezhizha mafuta (SAE50).
5 comments
Pedro
Mhoroi, ndeapi mafuta andinofanira kuisa mumotokari yangu mitscibichi pajero io gdi gore 2000
Vadim
Ndinobvumirana nemukurumbira, ndaiwanzodira mafuta anozivikanwa kare, asi injini yangu yakapotsa yaputsika
Ndinoda
Mhoro! Ndeapi mafuta andinofanira kudira muMercedes E 320, gore ra1997.
Kutenda mberi!
Ferdinand
Kam Mercedez E 280 W211 benzine – gaz 3000 cc çfar vaji me rekomandoni
Mudikani
Ndeupi rudzi rwemafuta wandinofanira kushandisa kuNissan Navara, gore rekugadzira 2006 ndapota uye mangani marita anodiwa?