Mashandiro anoita Toyota Hybrid (HSD) mashandiro

Wese munhu anoziva kuti Toyota's HSD hybridization ine mukurumbira wekuve musangano. Chigadzirwa cheJapan brand (Aisin kubatana) inozivikanwa kwete chete nekubudirira kwayo, asiwo nekuvimbika kwayo kwakanaka. Nekudaro, hazvisi nyore kunzwisisa nekuda kwekuoma kwayo uye nzira zhinji dzekushanda.

Naizvozvo, isu tichaedza kunzwisisa mashandiro eToyota emahara, inozivikanwa Serial / Parallel HSD e-CVT, inoshanda. Iyo yekupedzisira inokutendera iwe kuchovha 100% yemagetsi kana musanganiswa wemagetsi uye unopisa. Pano ini ndinotora pane imwe nhaurwa yakaoma, uye dzimwe nguva ndinofanira kurerutsa zvishoma (kunyange izvi zvisingakanganise pfungwa uye musimboti).

Zvino zivai kuti HSD transmissions inogadzirwa neAisin (AWFHT15), iyo Toyota ine 30%, uye kuti inopa hybrid uye isiri-hybrid transmissions kuboka rePSA kana tasvika paEAT kana e-AT8. mabhokisi. (hybrid2 uye hybrid4). Isu tave muchizvarwa chechina maererano nekugadzirwa kwehunyanzvi. Nepo chirevo chizere chakaramba chakangofanana, kuvandudzwa kudiki kunoitwa kune yepakati mapuraneti giya kana dhizaini yekuwana compactness uye kugona (semuenzaniso, ipfupi tambo kureba kunoderedza kurasikirwa kwemagetsi).

Tsananguro yekugadzira

Kana iwe uchida maonero akazara ekuti HSD inoshanda sei, heino tsananguro inoipfupisa. Iwe unofanirwa kuenderera mberi muchinyorwa kuti uongorore zvakadzika kana kuedza kunzwisisa zvirikukunzvenga panguva ino.

Heino basa rechikamu chega chega pamwe nehunyanzvi hwekuita zveHSD:

• Iyo ICE (Internal Combustion Engine) injini yekupisa: simba rose rinobva mairi, uye naizvozvo ndiyo nheyo yezvinhu zvose. Yakabatana neMG1 kuburikidza ne epicyclic chitima.
• MG1 inoshanda sejenareta yemagetsi (inotyairwa neinjini yekupisa) pamwe neiyo gearbox variator. Inobatanidza ICE neMG2 kuburikidza nemapuraneti epasi (mapuraneti). MG2 yakabatana yakanangana nemavhiri, saka kana mavhiri akatendeuka, anotendeuka, uye kana akatendeuka iwo mavhiri zvakare (muchidimbu, hapana kuregererwa kunogoneka pakati pavo) ...
• MG2 inoshanda senge traction mota (yakanyanya kureba 2 km kana 50 km pane plug-in / rechargeable) uye zvakare sejenareta yemagetsi (kudzikisira: kumutsidzira)
• Planar Gear: Inobatanidza MG1, MG2, ICE uye mavhiri pamwechete (izvi hazvipindire zvimwe zvezvinhu zviri kuchengetedzwa apo zvimwe zviri kutenderera, unofanirwa kudzidza nekunzwisisa kuti mapuraneti giya anouya sei kuhupenyu). Zvakare nekutenda kwaari, isu tinoramba tichichinja / kuderera, uye nekudaro ndiye anomiririra gearbox (giya reshiyo inoshanduka, ichikonzera kuputsa kana "kudzoreredza": chinongedzo pakati peICE neMG1)

Iko kuderedzwa kunosanganisira kuwedzera kana kushoma kwekuwedzera kwekufamba kweinjini yekupisa yemukati (thermal) uye MG2 (iyo yakanyatsobatanidzwa nemavhiri, ngatisakanganwe).

Mbeu dzakauchikwa Mapuraneti Gear Mudzidzisi

Vhidhiyo iyi yakakwana kuti uwane kunzwa kwekuti Toyota hybridization inoshanda sei.

Nyowani: Manyorerwo Akateedzana Mode paToyota HSD Mbeu dzakauchikwa?

Mainjiniya akakwanisa kutevedzera (zvishoma .. Iyo giya reshiyo inogadzirwa neMG1, inova yakawanda kana zvishoma yakasimba uye yakawanda kana shoma kana "materere" anobatanidza ICE uye MG1 (MG2 = yemagetsi traction mota, asi zvakare, pamusoro pezvose, mavhiri). Naizvozvo, kuderera uku kunogona kuita zvishoma nezvishoma kana "kudzadzarika" zvinoenderana nemabatirwo anoitwa MG2 nemagetsi.

Ziva, zvisinei, kuti shanduko yegiya hainzwiki pamutoro wakasarudzika ... Uye pakuzara mutoro (kukwirisa kwakanyanya) tinodzokera mukuenderera musiyano nekuti iyi ndiyo chete nzira yekuwana yakanyanya kukurumidza kuita neiyi system (komputa saka inoramba kuchinja magiya ekunyanyisa kumhanyisa).

Naizvozvo, iyi modhi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakudzika injini braking pane yekutyaira kwemitambo.

Corolla Hybrid 2.0 0-100 uye Pamusoro Kumhanya

Izvi ndizvo zvazvinoita. Nehurombo, pakuzara mutoro, tinorasikirwa zvakateedzana modhi uye isu hatichanzwi magiya.

Multiple versions?

Kunze kwezvizvarwa zvakasiyana, iyo THS / HSD / MSHS sisitimu inoshandiswa kuToyota neLexus ine maviri makuru akasiyana. Yekutanga uye yakajairika ndeyeyakachinjika vhezheni, iyo nhasi iri muAisin AWFHT15 (mukutanga kwema90 yakanzi THS yeToyota Hybrid System. Iye zvino yava HSD yeHybrid Synergy Drive). Iyo inouya mune mamwe maviri kana mashoma macompact modhi: Prius / NX / C-HR (yakakura), corolla uye Yaris (diki).

Heino imwe yazvino (Prius 4) HSD kutapurirana kubva transverse shanduro (ikozvino kune maviri akasiyana saizi, heino hombe). Iyo yakanyanya compact kupfuura iyo musiyano iwe yaunogona kuona pazasi (kwete iyo iri pazasi peiyo longitudinal, kunyangwe pazasi...)

Toyota Prius IV 2016 1.8 Hybrid Acceleration 0-180 km / h

Prius 4 pazere throttle, heino yakakurumbira inoenderera shanduko mhedzisiro inogadzirwa nekubatanidzwa kwemagetsi emagetsi / emagetsi, injini yekupisa uye yepakati mapuraneti chitima.

Zvino kunouya iyo MSHS yeiyo yakawanda-nhanho hybrid system (iyo ini handifanirwe kutaura nezvayo pano ... Asi sezvo ichishanda zvakafanana, inobvawo kuAisin uye yakagadzirirwa boka reToyota ...) ndizvo chaizvo zvakakosha. chiumbwa chakakura chinofanirwa kuve chakamisikidzwa kureba uye icho panguva ino chinogona kuburitsa magiya chaiwo, ayo ari gumi (mana magiya chaiwo mubhokisi uye mubatanidzwa wemagetsi emagetsi nenzira ine hungwaru yekuzadzisa gumi. Naizvozvo, kwete kuwanda 10, asi izvi hazvina basa).

Iko kune chaiko shanduro mbiri: AWRHT25 uye AWRHM50 (MSHS, iyo ine gumi mishumo).

Iyo inonyanya kuremekedzwa longitudinal vhezheni (pano AWRHM50) inoitirwa kunyanya Lexus (vashoma Toyota vane injini mupfungwa iyoyo). Pane mavhezheni maviri, imwe yacho inogona kuburitsa kusvika pamishumo gumi chaiyo.

2016 Lexus IS300h 0-100km / h uye nzira dzekutyaira (eco, zvakajairika, mutambo)

Dzokera ku1: 00 mineti kuti uone kuti AWFHT15 inogadzira sei mishumo. Sezvineiwo, iyo yakakurumbira "kusvetuka mukumhanya" haichanzwiki kana injini yazara ... Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mudziyo unoshanda zvakanyanya (chronograph) mune variator modhi, saka kuzara kwakazara kunoita yakajairika inoenderera kusiyanisa maitiro.

Ko Toyota hybrid inoshanda sei?

Saka ndeipi musimboti wekutanga weHSD hybrid mudziyo? Dai taifanirwa kupfupisa izvi zvishoma, taigona kutaura nezve injini yekupisa inoshanda nemamota maviri / jenareta (mota yemagetsi inogara ichidzoserwa) uye ma torque ayo akasiyana (ejini imwe neimwe) anodzorwa uye anodzorwa nepakati penyika chitima, asi. uyewo simba remagetsi (uye nhungamiro yemagetsi) inodzorwa nemagetsi anogovera ("inverter" muChirungu). Iyo yekudzikisa giya (CVT gearbox) inodzorwa nemagetsi, zvichiita kuti injini yeMG1 ishande neimwe nzira, uye kuburikidza nepakati penyika giya, iyo inobvumira akawanda masimba kuti abatanidzwe kuburitsa rimwe.

Injini inogona kubviswa zvachose kubva kumavhiri, uye kuburikidza neplanetary drive ...

Muchidimbu, kunyangwe isu tichida kurerutsa, tinonzwisisa kuti hazvizove nyore kutevedzera, saka isu tichaisa pfungwa pamisimboti yekutanga. Nekudaro, ndakuisira vhidhiyo muChirungu iyo inodonongodza zvakadzama, saka kana iwe uchida kuisundira kuburikidza, iwe unofanirwa kuzviita (nekurudziro uye ine hutano neurons, hongu).

Heino Prius 2, iyo ishoma compact pane iyo yandakuratidza pamusoro. Ona kuti vakasimbisa sei iyo A / C compressor (yebhuruu kuruboshwe rweinjini). Zvechokwadi, kusiyana nechero "yakajairika" muchina, inofambiswa nemotokari yemagetsi. Mavhiri akabatana neketani inogona kuonekwa muchikamu chepakati kurudyi (pakati chaipo pemagetsi variator).

electronic variator pedyo

Mune chimiro, tinoona kumwe kusimiswa kwemavhiri kwakabatana neketani kuburikidza nemusiyano.

Various operating modes

Ngatitarisei nzira dzakasiyana dzekushanda kwechishandiso uye, munzira, nei ichinzi seri / parallel, nepo kazhinji hybrid system ingave imwe kana imwe. Iyo ine hungwaru nzira HSD yakagadzirwa inobvumira kune ese ari maviri, uye izvo zvakare zvinoita kuti ive inonyengerera ...

Toyota HSD mudziyo: ruzivo uye zvivakwa

Heano akareruka akawanda-mavara HSD dhizaini dhizaini kuti ikubatsire iwe kuita kubatana pakati pezvinhu.

Iyo diagram iri upside down kana ichienzaniswa nepamusoro pikicha nokuti yakatorwa kubva kune imwe angle ... Ndakatora Prius 2 diagram ndosaka pane cheni pano, mamwe mavhezheni emazuva ano haana, asi musimboti haushanduki. mune chero mamiriro (angave cheni, shaft kana giya zvakafanana.

Heino maitiro mune zvakadzama, nekuti zvinofanirwa kunzwisiswa kuti clutch inowanikwa pano nekuda kwesimba remagetsi pakati pe rotor uye stator MG1.

MG1 yakabatana neinjini kuburikidza neyeplaneti giya yakatarwa (girini) yeplanethi yemagetsi giya. Ndokunge, kutenderera iyo MG1 rotor (yepakati chikamu), iyo yekupisa injini inoenda kuburikidza nemapuraneti giya. Ndaratidza chitima ichi neinjini mune rimwe ruvara kuti tikwanise kunyatsoona kubatana kwavo. Uye zvakare, uye haina kuratidzwa mumufananidzo, iyo yakasvibirira satellite uye yebhuruu nzvimbo zuva giya MG1 zvakabatana chaizvo (pane mukaha pakati pavo), sekukorona (kumucheto kwechitima). uye iyo yakasvibirira satellite yeinjini yekupisa.

MG2 yakabatana yakanangana nemavhiri kuburikidza neketani, asi zvakare inotyaira yekunze mapuraneti magiya epakati epasi mapuraneti giya (korona yakasviba bhuruu, ndakasarudza iwo iwo iwo muvara kuti urebese giya remapuraneti kuitira kuti tikwanise kunyatsoona kuti rakabatana neMG2 ) ...

Heino bhokisi regiya repuraneti kumberi, kwete mumufananidzo mumufananidzo uri pamusoro, isu tinogona kuona zvirinani kubatana pakati peakasiyana magiya ane hukama neMG1, MG2 uye ICE.

Dambudziko riripo pakunzwisisa musimboti wechitima cheplanete, uchiziva kuti mafambiro emukati haaenderane zvichienderana nemaitiro ekufambisa, asiwo nekumhanyisa ...

Hapana batira?

Kusiyana nezvose zvinotumirwa, HSD haidi clutch kana torque converter (semuenzaniso, CVT inoda torque converter). Apa ndipo pane simba remagetsi rinosunga mavhiri kunjini kuburikidza nechitima chemapuraneti nekuda kweMG1. Zvino ndiyo rotor uye stator yeiyo yekupedzisira (MG1) iyo inobva yagadzira mhedzisiro yekukwesana: kana iwe uchitenderedza mota yemagetsi neruoko, kuramba kunomuka, uye ndiyo yekupedzisira yatinoshandisa pano sechibatiso.

Izvo zviri nani kana, panguva yekukweshana (kumhanya musiyano pakati pe stator uye rotor, saka pakati pemota nemavhiri), magetsi anogadzirwa. Uye magetsi iwayo achachengetwa mubhatiri!

Ichi ndicho chikonzero iyo HSD system inoonekwa senge yakangwara kwazvo, nekuti inopa mashoma ekurasikirwa kwesimba nekuwanazve simba panguva yekukwesana. Pamusoro pechinyakare batira, isu tinorasikirwa nesimba iri mukupisa, heino inoshandurwa kuita magetsi, iyo yatinodzorera mubhatiri.

Nekudaro, iko zvakare hakuna iko kwekushongedzwa kwemishini, nekuti hapana kusangana panyama pakati peiyo rotor uye stator.

Kana yakamiswa, injini inogona kumhanya isina kumira nekuti mavhiri haavharise injini (izvo zvaizoitika dai takamira pachinongedzo chebhuku pasina kudzima). Iyo yebhuruu zuva giya (inonziwo idle) ndeye mahara, saka inoparadzanisa mota mavhiri (nekudaro iyo yakasvibira korona yemapuraneti magiya). Kune rimwe divi, kana giya rezuva rikatanga kugamuchira torque, rinobatanidza magiya egirini kukorona, uye ipapo mavhiri anotanga kutenderera zvishoma nezvishoma (kukwesana kwemagetsi emagetsi).

Kana giya rezuva rakasununguka, simba harigone kuendeswa kune korona.

Sezvo rotor inotenderera, kukwesha kunogadzirwa mu stator, izvo zvinokonzeresa torque, uye torque iyi inopfuudzwa kune giya rezuva, iro rinokiya uye kunyange pakupedzisira rinotenderera kune rimwe divi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kubatana kunogadzirwa pakati pegiya shaft iri pakati uye nemhete yegiya padivi (giya = mavhiri). Ziva kuti mudziyo unoshandawo kumira uye kutanga: kana wada kutanga, zvinokwana kuvhara muchidimbu giya rezuva kuti ICE inopisa injini igamuchire torque kubva kuMG2 yakabatana nevhiri rinotyairwa (izvi zvinobva zvaitanga senge yekutanga. Zvinoita. Classic).

Saka, kupedzisa:

• Kana yakamira, injini inogona kutenderera nekuti chinongedzo pakati peekisero yeinjini negiya remhete hachina kusimbiswa: giya rezuva harina mahara (kunyangwe Prius kazhinji inodzima kana yakamira kuchengetedza mafuta)
• Nekuwedzera kumhanya kweinjini, rotor inotenderera nekukurumidza kuti igadzire simba remagetsi, iro rinobva raendesa torque kugiya rezuva: kugadzira chinongedzo pakati peiyo mota axis negiya remhete.
• Kana kubatana kwacho kwagadzirwa, kumhanya kwemagetsi akabatana uye vhiri reringi zvakaenzana
• Kana kumhanya kwemavhiri kunosvika nekukurumidza kupfuura injini, giya rezuva rinotanga kutenderera kune imwe nzira kushandura giya reshiyo (mushure mekunge zvese zvavharwa, zvinotanga "kukunguruka" kuti iwedzere kukurumidza kwehurongwa). Asi, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti, nekugamuchira torque, giya rezuva haringobatanidzi maaxle emota uye vhiri rekutyaira, asi zvakare rinoita kuti vawedzere kukurumidza (haisi chete mabhureki "anopikisa", asi zvakare anoita kuti atenderere mumhepo. kutevera nzira)

100% yemagetsi mode

Pano iyo ICE (inopisa) uye MG1 motors hadzisi basa rakakosha, ndiyo MG2 iyo inotenderera mavhiri nekuda kwemagetsi akawanikwa kubva kubhatiri (saka simba rinomuka kubva kumakemikari). Uye kunyangwe kana MG2 ikashandura MG1 rotor, haina kukanganisa iyo ICE yekupisa injini, uye nekudaro hapana kupokana kunotinetsa.

Charge mode payakamira

Injini yekupisa iri kushanda pano, inotenderera MG1 kuburikidza nechitima chepuraneti. Nenzira iyi, magetsi anogadzirwa uye anotumirwa kune simba rekugovera, iyo inotungamirira magetsi chete kubhatiri.

Energy recovery mode

Iyi ndiyo yakakurumbira "B" (regenerative braking) modhi, iyo inogona kuoneka pagiya knob (kana iwe uchiisundira, kune yakawanda injini braking yakabatana neMG2 kinetic simba recuperation, kuramba ndeye electromagnetic). Iyo inertia / kinetic simba rinouya kubva kumavhiri uye nekudaro rinofamba kuenda kuMG2 kuburikidza nema mechanical giya neketani. Sezvo motokari yemagetsi inogona kuchinjwa, ichaita magetsi emagetsi: kana ndikatumira juice kumotokari yemagetsi, inotendeuka, kana ndikashandura motokari yemagetsi yakamira nemaoko, inobudisa magetsi.

Iyi magetsi yemagetsi inowaniswa neyakaishambadza kuti iitumire kubhatiri, iyo inozowedzerwa patsva.

Injini yemagetsi neyekupisa zvinoshanda pamwechete

Pakumhanya kwakadzikama uye nekumhanya kwakanaka, ndiko kuti, nguva zhinji, mavhiri achafambiswa nesimba remagetsi (MG2) uye injini dzekupisa.

Iyo ICE yekupisa injini inofambisa iyo yemapuraneti giya, iyo inogadzira magetsi muMG1. Izvi zvichapawo chinja chemagetsi kumavhiri, nekuti giya remapuraneti rakabatanawo navo.

Apa ndipo panogona kuve neyakaganhurira, nekuti zvinoenderana nekumhanyisa kwekutenderera kweyeplanet giya hakuzove kwakafanana (kunyanya, nongedzo yemamwe magiya).

Iyo CVT-chimiro chegiya bhokisi (inoenderera uye inofambira mberi shanduko senge pa scooters) inogadzirwa nekudyidzana kwemagetsi pakati pemotor (nekuda kweiyo magineti inokonzerwa nemuto unopfuura nemakoiri: induced electromagnetic field) pamwe negiya replanet. . iyo inogamuchira simba rematanho akawanda. Rombo rakanaka kuti uwane izvi pamunwe wako, kunyangwe vhidhiyo yandakaisa kwauri ichakubvumidza kuti udaro.

Maximum simba

Izvi zvakada kufanana nendima yapfuura, kunze kwekuti pano tiri kutorawo simba remagetsi iro bhatiri rinogona kupa, saka MG2 inobatsira kubva pane izvi.

Heino vhezheni yazvino yePrius 4:

Plug-in / rechargeable vhezheni?

Sarudzo ine bhatiri rechargeable, ichibvumira makiromita makumi mashanu pamotokari yemagetsi ese, inongova nekuisa bhatiri hombe nekuisa mudziyo unobvumidza bhatiri kuti ibatanidzwe muchikamu.

Iwe unofanirwa kupfuura nepasimba rekugovera uye inverter kutanga kugadzirisa mutsauko wesimba uye mhando dzakasiyana dzejusi: AC, DC, nezvimwe.

HSD 4X4 vhezheni?

Sezvaunofanira kuziva, 4X4 vhezheni iripo paRav4 uye NX 300H uye yakagadzirirwa kuwedzerwa kune yekumashure axle, sePSA E-Tense uye HYbrid / HYbrid4. Nekudaro, ikombuta inovimbisa simba rinogara riripo remavhiri emahara epamberi neshure, ayo, nekudaro, haana hukama hwepanyama.

Sei serial / parallel?

Mudziyo unonzi serial/parallel nekuti unodaidzwa kuti "series" kana uri mu100% yemagetsi mode. Nokudaro, isu tinoshanda nenzira imwecheteyo seBMW i3, injini yekupisa ndiyo jenereta yemazuva ano inopa bhatiri, iyo pachayo inofamba motokari. Kutaura zvazviri, nenzira iyi yekushanda, injini yakabviswa zvachose kubva kumavhiri.

Inonziwo parallel kana mota yakabatana nemavhiri kuburikidza nechigadzirwa chepuraneti. Uye iyi inonzi batch kuvaka (ona Various builds pano).

Toyota iri kuita zvakawandisa nehurongwa hwayo?

Kupedzisa chinyorwa ichi, ndinoda kutaura zvishoma tirade. Chokwadi, Toyota ine zvakawanda zvekutaura nezve iyo plug-in hybrid, uye zvinonzwisisika uye zviri pamutemo. Zvisinei, zvinoratidzika kwandiri kuti mumativi maviri iyo mhando yakaenda zvakanyanya. Kutanga, kugadzirisa tekinoroji, zvichireva kupfuudza kuti neimwe nzira ichaponesa nyika, uye kuti, muchidimbu, chiratidzo chiri kutanga chimurenga chinotiponesa tese. Chokwadi, inoderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta, asi isuwo hatifanire kuvezwa, dhizaini isina-yakasanganiswa dhizaini inoshanda zvakangofanana, kana zvisiri nani, dzimwe nguva.

Saka Toyota iri kutora mukana weyazvino anti-diesel mamiriro ekuwedzera dhizaini yandinofunga kuti yakashongedzwa zvishoma pano pamuganho wekubata, heino imwe:

TV yekutengesa - Hybrid range - Isu tinosarudza Hybrid

Ipapo pane dambudziko rekubatanidza. Chiratidzo cheJapan chinosimbisa zvakawanda zvekutaurirana kwacho pamusoro pekuti motokari haifaniri kubhadharwa kubva kune mains, sekunge iri mukana wetekinoroji pamusoro pemakwikwi. Izvi chaizvoizvo zvinorasisa sezvo zvakanyanya kuipa kupfuura chero chinhu chipi zvacho ... Motokari dzeHybrid dzinogona kubhadhariswa hadzifanire kudaro, iyi isarudzo inopihwa mukuwedzera kune muridzi wayo! Saka brand inokwanisa kupfuudza chimwe chezvikanganiso semubairo, uye icho chichiri chakasimba, handizvo here? Sezvineiwo, Toyota iri kutengesa plug-in zvinyorwa zvePrius yayo, uye ivo vanofanirwa kunge vari nani ... Heino chimwe chekushambadzira:

Haudi kuitazve recharge? Asi ini ndichati: "mutete, hapana nzira yekuita ..."

Fambira Mberi ?

Kuti uenderere mberi, ndinokurudzira kuti unyatsodzidza iyi vhidhiyo, iyo, zvinosuruvarisa, iri muChirungu chete. Tsananguro inoitwa mumatanho kuti ive nyore uye yakatwasuka sezvinobvira.