Mota inobatira inoshanda sei?
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Mota inobatira inoshanda sei?

Wakambozvibvunza here kuti chii chinoitika mumotokari kana iwe ukadzvanya bhaira rekubatira? Vatyairi vane ruzivo rwakakura vanoziva nezve chishandiso cheiyi michina, saka kuongorora kwedu kunobatsira kune vanotanga.

Ngatitarisei pane rumwe ruzivo rwakawanda nezve iro basa rinoitwa nekiringi mukushanda nemota, uye mashandiro acho.

Chii chinonzi batira uye basa rayo nderei?

Clutch chinhu chakakosha pamudziyo wemotokari, basa rayo nderekubatanidza (batanidza) injini kugearbox. Mune mamwe mazwi, irwo rudzi rwechigadzirwa chemuchina chakagadzirirwa kupa kubviswa kweinjini kwechinguva kubva mukutapurirana panguva yekuchinja kwegiya.

Mota inobatira inoshanda sei?

Uye zvakare, inopa torque kutapurirana uye inochengetedza iko kutapurirana kubva kukuvara kunokonzerwa nekuwandisa, vibration, nezvimwe.

Nei muchina uchidikanwa?

Fungidzira uchityaira mota neinjini yakabatana yakanangana negearbox. Panyaya iyi, injini zvichava hazvibviri, nekuti Starter achaita crankshaft, asiwo mavhiri. Kana, achityaira, mutyairi afunga kumisa mota, achafanirwa kudzima injini. Kana ukatyaira usina batira, injini yemotokari yako inozonetswa zvakanyanya uye haizogara kwemazuva mashoma.

Kudzivirira izvi kuti zvisaitike, mota dzakagadzirirwa batira iyo inobvumira injini flywheel kuti ibatanidze zvakanaka uye ibvise kubva mugearbox yekuisa shaft mota ichifamba. Saka, batira ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti zvikwanise kuchinja magiya pasina matambudziko uye nemhedzisiro yakaipa yeinjini.

Main zvinoriumba batira

Kuti unzwisise mashandiro anoita mashandiro, iwe unofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwekuti chii chinobatanidzwa kitiki. Izvo zvinhu zvikuru ndezvi:

  • disk inotyairwa;
  • flywheel;
  • kumanikidza mahwendefa;
  • kusunungura kutakura;
  • muviri.
Mota inobatira inoshanda sei?

Kutyairwa disc

Iri disc riri pakati peiyo flywheel uye yekumanikidza ndiro. Iyo ine kukweshesana zvinhu pamativi ese maviri (akafanana nemabhureki epad zvinhu).

Kana batira iri kuita, inosungwa zvakasungwa uye torque inopfuudzwa nechisimba simba. Iyo shaft shaft yebhokisi inoiswa mukati mayo, kuburikidza iyo iyo torque inopfuudzwa.

Flywheel

Iyo flywheel yakaiswa pane iyo crankshaft yeinjini uye inoshanda sedhivhisi huru. Inowanzo kuve maviri-mashoma uye inoumbwa nezvikamu zviviri zvakabatana nezvitubu.

Pressure ndiro

Basa rechikamu ichi kugadzira kumanikidza pane inofambiswa dhisiki. Mumotokari dzechikuru, kudzvanywa uku kunogadzirwa nezvitubu zvecoil, nepo mumamodheru azvino, kudzvanywa kunogadzirwa nechitubu che diaphragm.

Regedza kubereka

Basa rekutakura uku ndere kubvisa mutoro pachirimo uchishandisa tambo kana hydraulic control kuti kufambisa kwetoriki kukanganisike.

Housing

Zvese zvinongedzo zvekubatanidza zvakaungana pamwechete mune imwechete imba kana iyo inonzi "bhasikiti". Idzo dzimba dzakabatanidzwa neiyo flywheel seyakajairwa.

Mota inobatira inoshanda sei?

Kana mota ichifamba, batira inogara ichiita. Izvi zvinoreva kuti iyo yekumanikidza ndiro inogara ichimanikidza padhiraivha disc. Sezvo dhisiki iri rakabatanidzwa nehewhewheel, iyo inosanganisirwa necrankshaft yeinjini, inotenderera nayo kuendesa torque kubva kuinjini yemota kuenda kugearbox.

Kana clutch pedal yadzvinyirirwa, simba rinoendeswa kune iyo inoburitsa inoburitsa, inova iyo inobvisa iyo yekumanikidza ndiro kubva kune yekutyaira ndiro. Nekudaro, torque haichapiwi kune iko kutapurirana uye giya rinogona kuchinjwa.

Mota inobatira inoshanda sei?

Mushure mekuchinja kumhanya, batira bhaudhi rinongoburitswa (iro rinokwira), ndiro yekumanikidza inodzokera panzvimbo yayo, uye batira rinobata zvakare.

Mechina mhando

Kunyangwe zvese izvi zvimiro zvine maitiro akafanana ekuita, akapatsanurwa kuita akati wandei mapoka:

  • zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekutyaira;
  • nemhando yekukwesana;
  • nehuwandu hwemadhisiki;
  • nenzira yekuita.

Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekutyaira

Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekutyaira, zvikwata zvakakamurwa kuva:

  • michina;
  • hydraulic;
  • magetsi.

Zvokuimba

Zvimakanika zvikwata izvozvi ndizvo zvinonyanya kuwanikwa mumotokari. Rudzi urwu rwe clutch runosanganisira imwe, maviri kana anopfuura dhisiki discs ayo akamanikidzwa pakati peoil kana diaphragm matsime. Zvizhinji zvemakanika makonati akaoma uye anoshandiswa nekutsikirira bhanhire rekubatira.

Mota inobatira inoshanda sei?

Hydraulic

Rudzi urwu rwe clutch runoshandisa hydraulic fluid kuendesa torque. Hydraulic couplings haina michina yekubatana pakati pekutyaira uye chinhu chekutyaira.

Electric

Musiyano uripo pakati pemagetsi nemagetsi clutch ndiko kuvapo kwemagetsi emagetsi pane batira. Iyi injini inoshandiswa kana clutch pedal yakaora mwoyo. Iyo mota inofambisa tambo, inodzora iyo inosunungura inoburitsa uye inosunungura iyo yekukweshera disc kuitira kuti giya shanduko dziitwe.

Nemhando yekukwesana

Zvinoenderana nemutowo uyu, zvinongedzo zvakakamurwa kuita "yakaoma" uye "nyoro". Basa re "yakaoma" makwati akavakirwa pakukanganiswa kwesimba kunobva mukubatana kwenzvimbo dzakaoma: main, compression, drive discs, nezvimwe. "Dry" imwechete-ndiro dzakabatana kazhinji mumotokari dzine hutachiona hwechinyorwa.

Mota inobatira inoshanda sei?

Mune "yakanyorova" coupling, iyo yekukwesana nzvimbo inonyudzwa mumafuta. Ichienzaniswa nemakomichi akaomarara, mhando iyi inopa kubatana kwakapfava pakati pemadhisiki, bhuroko rinotonhodzwa zvakanyanya nekushambadzira kwemvura, uye batira inogona kuendesa yakawanda torque kune iko kutapurirana.

Nehuwandu hwema disks

Kubva pane ichi chiyero, zvinongedzo zvinogona kukamurwa kuita imwechete-dhisiki, mbiri-dhisiki uye yakawanda-dhisiki. Yese-ndiro ndiro dzinoshandiswa kunyanya mumotokari dzevapfuuri, dzakapetwa-mbiri ndiro dzinonyanya kuitirwa mashandisiro mumarori nemabhazi makuru, uye akawanda-mapani ekubatisa anoshandiswa mumidhudhudhu.

Nenzira yekuita

Chitubu chakatakura

Rudzi urwu rwekubatira runoshandisa coil kana diaphragm matsime ekumanikidza kune yekumanikidza ndiro kuti ishandise batira.

Centrifugal

Seizvo zita ravo rinoratidzira, iyi mhando yemashini inoshandisa centrifugal simba kushandisa clutch. Ivo havana chitiviri uye batira inongoerekana yashandurwa zvichienderana neinjini inomhanya.

Mota inobatira inoshanda sei?

Centrifugal chinobatanidza mhando dzinoshandisa huremu hwakanongedzwa kupokana nekukurumidza. Sezvo injini inomhanyisa ichiwedzera, simba re centrifugal rinoshandisa iyo levrankshaft lever, iyo inosundira pakamanikidzwa neplate, ichikonzera batira. Rudzi urwu rwekubatira harushandiswe mumotokari.

Semi-centrifugal

Sezvo macentrifuge achingoshanda zvinobudirira kana injini iri kumhanya zvakanyanya uye isingashande pakumhanya kwakaderera, pane kudikanwa kwema semi-centrifugal couplings anoshandisa ese maviri centrifugal uye echisimba mauto.

Nekudaro, kana kumhanya kuri kwakajairika, torque inopfuudzwa nesimba rechirimo, uye kana iri pamusoro, inopfuudzwa nesimba re centrifugal. Rudzi urwu rwekubatira harushandiswewo mumota.

Remagetsi

Nemhando iyi yekubatanidza, dhisiki dhisiki rakasungirirwa kune solenoid coil. Kana magetsi akaiswa kune iri coil, inoita senge magineti uye inokwezva dhisiki rekuburitsa.

Mota inobatira inoshanda sei?

Ndeipi nguva yekuteerera kubatirira?

Izvo zvipenga, senge dzimwe nzira dzese, dzinoiswa pasi pemitoro inorema uye zvine hupenyu hwakati hwebasa, hunosiyana kubva pamakumi matatu kusvika zviuru mazana matanhatu emakiromita, zvichienderana nekugadzirwa uye nemhando yemota uye nemhando yekutyaira.

Uine izvi mupfungwa, kana vangosvika pamiyero yavo, matambudziko anomuka anoratidza kuti inguva yekutsiva batira.

Chinhu cheiyo michina ndechekuti isati yamira kuita nemazvo mabasa, batira "inoyambira" kuti haisi kushanda nemazvo. Kana iwe uchiziva izvo zvakakosha zviratidzo zvekudzivirira mamwe matambudziko akakomba, iwe unogona kupindura nenzira yakakodzera.

Zviratidzo zvinoratidza kuti batira inoda kutsiviwa

Yakapfava chitiviri kumanikidza

Kana batira iri kushanda nemazvo, iwe unofanirwa kunzwa kushomeka kana iwe uchidhinda chinongedzo. Ukarega kunzwa kuramba uku uye kana ukatsikitsira pasi, unonyura sembiya yemafuta, ichi chiratidzo chekutanga chekuti batira rave pedyo nemagumo ehupenyu hwayo.

Slippage mhedzisiro

Mota inobatira inoshanda sei?

Iwe unozoona ichi chiratidzo kwazvo kwazvo kana iwe uchiedza kushandura magiya uchikwira kana kupfuura. Iyo "slippage" pachayo inoitika nekuti batira haigone kubatanidza kana kunyatsobvisa zvachose iyo yekukweshera disc paunodzvanya kana kuburitsa clutch pedal. Ichi chiratidzo chinoratidza kuti michina inoda kutariswa uye kutsiva kunofanirwa kuitwa nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona.

Inogadzira uncharacteristic mhere kana hwema

Kana iwe ukadzvanya bhaira rekubatira uye unonzwa kukwizwa kwesimbi, 99,9% yenguva zvinoreva kuti zvimwe zvezvinhu zveclutch zvakasakara. Pamwe pamwe nekurira kwesimbi ichikwenya simbi, iwe unogona zvakare kunhuwidza kunhuwirira kusingafadzi, izvo zviri zvimwe zvinoratidza kuti batira rave pedyo nemagumo ehupenyu hwayo.

Kudengenyeka kwakasimba kunonzwika

Kana iwe uchinzwa kusanzwisisika kusingaenzanisike paunenge uchiedza kusimudza magiya uye uchidzvinyirira chitako, ichi ndicho chimwe chiratidzo chekiki yakasakara. Vibration inogona kukonzerwa ne clutch disc iyo nguva nenguva inorasikirwa nekubata kwayo pa flywheel.

Kuti uwedzere hupenyu hwebasa reiyo batira, zvakafanira kudzikisira kuwanda kwayo, chengetedza kuchengetedza kwayo (kuti uwane ruzivo rwekuti ungawedzera sei hupenyu hwebharaki. pano). Ive neshuwa yekuitsiva zvakare kana iwe ukacherekedza chero ezviratidzo zvataurwa pamusoro apa.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Chii chinoitika kana ukadzvanya clutch? Kana iyo clutch pedal ichidzvanywa, kuburikidza nedhiraivha (tambo kana mune dzimwe mota hydraulics) madhisiki ari mudengu anoburitswa, uye torque kubva kuflywheel haina kuendeswa kubhokisi regiya.

Ko clutch inoshanda sei mumashoko akapfava? Iyo pedal inotsikirirwa - madhisiki ari mudengu haana kucheneswa - giya rinodiwa rinobatika - iyo pedal inoburitswa - dhisiki inodhindwa yakatsikirirwa zvine simba kurwisa flywheel - kusundirwa kunopihwa kubhokisi regiya.

Imwe tsumo

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