Ungaongorora sei jenareta yemotokari?
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Ungaongorora sei jenareta yemotokari?

Masisitimu emota anofambiswa nemhando mbiri dzesimba. Chimwe chazvo isimba remagetsi rinomuka panguva yekushanda kwezvinhu zvakasiyana siyana uye magungano. Semuenzaniso, muinjini yemoto yemukati inokonzeresa nekuda kweiyo microexplosions, kukatyamadza kunoitika, kumisikidza boka rese rezvimisikidzo - tsvimbo-yekubatanidza tambo, kugovera gasi, nezvimwe.

Rudzi rwechipiri rwesimba, nekuda kwekuti zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemotokari zvinoshanda, magetsi. Bhatiri inogara iine simba mumota. Zvisinei, chinhu ichi hachikwanisi kupa simba kwenguva yakareba. Semuenzaniso, yega yega spark plug inoda simba remagetsi, kutanga kubva kune crankshaft sensor uyezve kuburikidza neiyo coil yekuvesa kune muparidzi.

Ungaongorora sei jenareta yemotokari?
Vakasiyana simba vatengi mumotokari

Kuti mota ifambe anopfuura makiromita chiuru pasina kudiwa kwekuchaja bhatiri, michina yayo inosanganisira jenareta. Inogadzira magetsi emotokari pa-board network. Nekuda kweizvi, bhatiri haringori chete nekuchaja kwaro kutanga mota, asi zvakare rinodzosera munzira. Chinhu ichi chinoonekwa sechinhu chakatsiga, asi nguva nenguva chinodonha zvakare.

Jenareta chishandiso

Usati wafunga sarudzo dzakasiyana dzekutarisa jenareta, unofanirwa kunzwisisa mudziyo wayo. Iyi michina inotyairwa kuburikidza nebhandi dhiraivha kubva kune crankshaft pulley.

Iyo jenareta chishandiso iri seinotevera:

  • Iyo yekutyaira pulley inobatanidza chishandiso kune mota;
  • Rotor. Iyo yakabatana ne pulley uye inotenderera nguva dzese muchina uchimhanya. Chikamu chine munhu anochinjika pamubato wayo pane mhete dzinotsvedza;
  • Yakagadziriswa chinhu neumwe munhu ichitenderera - stator. Kana rotor ichitenderera, iyo stator ichitenderera inogadzira magetsi;
  • Ma diode akati wandei, akatengeswa mubhiriji rimwe chete, ane mahwendefa maviri. Chinhu ichi chinoshandura inochinjisa yazvino kuita yakananga yazvino;
  • Voltage regulator uye bhurasho chinhu. Ichi chikamu chinopa hunyoro hwekupihwa kwemagetsi kune e-bhodhi network (isina mapurazi uye zvinoenderana nenhamba yevanoshandisa vatengi);
  • Muviri - unodzivirira makavha uye isina mhango simbi mamiriro ane maburi emhepo;
  • Mabheyaringi kuti nyore mugodhi kutenderera.
Ungaongorora sei jenareta yemotokari?

Ipo iyo rotor iri kutenderera, iyo magnetic field inogadzirwa pakati payo neiyo stator. Iyo yekumhangura mhangura inoipindura, uye magetsi anogadzirwa mukati mayo. Asi kugadzirwa kwesimba kwesimba kunoda kushandura iyo magnetic field flux. Nechinangwa ichi, chimiro cheiyo rotor uye stator ine mahwendefa esimbi anoumba mahwindo.

Simba rinoshanduka rinogadzirwa pane stator ichitenderera (matanda emagineti ari kuramba achichinja). Iyo diode Bridge inovimbisa yakatsiga voltage polarity kuitira kuti yakaderera-simba michina ishande nemazvo.

Jenareta zvinokanganisa

Kana isu tichigovana zvine mutsindo kukanganiswa kwese kwechigadzirwa, ipapo jenareta yemotokari inokundikana nekuda kwemagetsi kana michina matambudziko. Kana iri chikamu chechipiri, mazhinji acho anoonekwa nekutarisa kunoonekwa. Muenzaniso weiyi ungave kutenderera kwakaomarara kwepulley (kusashanda kwemabheyaringi) kana kusvetuka panguva yekutenderera - zvikamu zvinonamirana.

Ungaongorora sei jenareta yemotokari?

Zvisinei, kuongororwa kwemagetsi emuchina hazvigoneke pasina mimwe michina. Kuputsika kwemagetsi kunosanganisira:

  • Kupfeka mabrashi nemhete;
  • Mutongi akapisa kana kuumbwa kwekuparara mudunhu rayo;
  • Imwe (kana yakawanda) yemazambuko eodhi akatsva;
  • Yakapiswa kunze ichitenderera mune rotor kana stator.

Kuparara kwega kwega kune kwayo bvunzo nzira.

Maitiro ekutarisa jenareta pasina kubvisa kubva mumotokari

Iyo oscilloscope inodiwa kuti iite iyi mhando yekuongororwa. Ichi chishandiso "chichaverenga" zvikanganiso zvese zviripo. Nekudaro, basa rakadai rinoda humwe hunyanzvi, nekuti nyanzvi chete inokwanisa kunzwisisa machati uye manhamba akasiyana. Nechikonzero ichi, mota inotumirwa kuongororwa kune chiteshi chebasa.

Kune wepakati mutyairi, kune dzimwe nzira dzemabhajeti dzinokutendera iwe kuti utarise jenareta usina kana kumbobvambura. Heano mamwe acho:

  • Tinotanga injini. Dzinga "-" terminal kubva kubhatiri. Panguva imwecheteyo, mota inofanirwa kuramba ichishanda, nekuti yakajairwa modhi inoreva yekuzvimiririra simba rekugadzira. Iko kusagadzikana kweakadai diagnostics ndeyekuti haishande pakudzokorora kugadziridzwa kwemajenareta. Zvirinani kuti usatarise mota yemazuva ano seiyi, nekuti zvimwe zvinhu hazvizotarisana nemagetsi emagetsi. Iyo diode bhiriji mune nyowani mota mamodheru haifanire kushanda isina mutoro;
  • Iyo multimeter yakabatana zvinoenderana nematanda ebhatiri. Mune yakanyarara mamiriro, iwo voltage ari mukati kubva 12,5 kusvika 12,7 volts (kuchaja bhatiri). Tevere tinotanga injini. Isu tinotevedzera maitiro mamwe chete. Nechigadzirwa chinoshanda, iyo multimeter inoratidza kubva 13,8 kusvika 14,5 V. Uye izvi hazvina kuwedzera mutoro. Kana iwe ukagadzira vatengi vane simba (semuenzaniso, inogona kunge iri multimedia system, chitofu uye inopisa mawindo), iyo voltage inofanirwa kudonha kusvika angangoita 13,7 volts (kana iri pasi, jenareta iri kukanganisa).
Ungaongorora sei jenareta yemotokari?

Kune zvakare kune "madiki" madiki ayo jenareta padhuze nekuparara anogona kupa:

  • Panguva yakaderera kumhanya, mwenje yemwenje inodzima - tarisa mamiriro emutongi;
  • Kuungudza kwejenareta kana mutoro wakapihwa kwairi - tarisa kushanda kweiyo diode bridge;
  • Dhiraivha bhandi squeak - gadzirisa kukakavara kwayo. Belt kutsvedza kunoguma mukusagadzikana kwesimba kugadzirwa.

Maitiro ekutarisa mabrashi uye kutenderera zvindori

Izvi zvinhu zvinogona kuve nekukuvara kwemuchina, saka kutanga kwezvose tinozviongorora. Kana mabhurasho akasakara, iwo anongoda kutsiviwa neatsva. Slip zvindori zvakare zvine zvivakwa zvekupfeka, saka ivo vanotarisa ukobvu uye kukwirira kwemabhurashi, asiwo iwo mhete.

Zvakajairwa parameter zvinoratidzwa nemugadziri, asi hushoma saizi yezvinhu izvi inofanira kuve:

  • Pamabhurashi - chiratidzo chehurefu chemamirimita 4,5;
  • Kune zvindori - hushoma hupamhi hwemamirimita 12,8
Ungaongorora sei jenareta yemotokari?

Pamusoro pezviyero zvakadaro, zvikamu zvinotariswa kuvepo kweasingaite mashandiro (makwati, maburi, machipisi, nezvimwewo).

Maitiro ekutarisa diode Bridge (inogadzirisa)

Kuputsika kwakadai kunowanzoitika kana bhatiri rakabatanidzwa mune zvisiri izvo polarity (iyo "+" terminal inoiswa pane iyo kubvisa, uye iyo "-" - pane iyo yekuwedzera). Kana izvi zvikaitika, saka mazhinji emidziyo yemota anobva atadza pakarepo.

Kudzivirira izvi, mugadziri akanyatso kumisa kureba kwetambo kune bhatiri. Asi kana bhatiri reiyo isina-standard chimiro yakatengwa, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti ndechipi chinogumira chinoenderana nedanda.

Kutanga, tinotarisa kushora pane imwe ndiro yeiyo diode bridge, uyezve kune imwe. Basa rechinhu ichi kupa conduction mune imwechete nzira chete.

Ungaongorora sei jenareta yemotokari?

Diagnostics inoitwa seinotevera:

  • Iyo yakanaka yekubata yemuyedzo yakabatana kune "+" terminal yeplate;
  • Uine chiongorori chisina kunaka, bata zvinotungamira zvemadhiodhi ese zvichiteedzana;
  • Ma probes akatsiviwa uye maitiro acho akafanana.

Zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yekuongorora, iyo inoshanda diode bhiriji ichapfuura zvazvino, uye kana ma probes akachinjwa, ichagadzira kurwisa kwakanyanya. Izvo zvinoenda kune yechipiri ndiro. Diki hunyengeri - kuramba hakufanirwe kuenderana ne kukosha kwe0 pane multimeter Izvi zvicharatidza kuparara kwedhodhi.

Nekuda kwekukanganisa diode bridge, bhatiri harigashi iro rinodiwa simba rekuchaja zvakare.

Maitiro ekutarisa iyo voltage regulator

Kana, panguva yekutarisa pamwe neyekutakura plug, yekumusoro bhatiri kana kuwandisa kwayo kwaonekwa, saka unofanirwa kutarisisa kune anotonga. Izvo zvimiro zveanoshanda anoshanda zvakatotaurwa kare.

Iyo yekudzivirira index yeiyo capacitor yakasarudzika zvakare. Pachiratidziro chemuedzo, kukosha uku kunofanira kuderera nekukurumidza kana ma probes abatana kwazviri.

Ungaongorora sei jenareta yemotokari?

Imwe nzira yekuyedza mutongi ine 12 volt test light. Chikamu chakadamburwa, uye chengetedzo yakabatana nemabrashi. Iyo chaiyo yekubatana yakabatana nekuwedzera kwesimba sosi, uye kubvisa bhatiri kunoiswa pane mutongi muviri. Kana 12V yapihwa, mwenje unovhenekera. Pangosvika magetsi kukwira kusvika pa15V, inofanira kubuda.

Maitiro ekutarisa iyo stator

Mune ino kesi, iwe zvakare unofanirwa kuteedzera kune inonongedzera chiratidzo (mune ichitenderera). Pamberi pezviyero, diode zambuko rakabviswa. Kutenderera kwakanaka kucharatidza kukosha kweanosvika 0,2 Ohm (inotungamira) uye yakakwira ye0,3 Ohm (pazero uye kumonana kunosangana).

Kuungudza kwesimba remagetsi kunoratidza kuparara kana dunhu pfupi mukutenderera kwekutenderera. Iwe unofanirwa zvakare kutarisa kana paine kupfeka pane zvimiro zveplate yesimbi yechikamu.

Maitiro ekutarisa jenareta rotor

Ungaongorora sei jenareta yemotokari?

Kutanga, isu "tinoridza" iyo yekukwiridzira ichitenderera (inogadzira diki kupisa kwemagetsi, iyo inokonzeresa electromagnetic induction). Iyo yekudzivirira bvunzo modhi yakaiswa pane iyo multimeter. Kuramba pakati pezvindori (kuri pane rotor shaft) kunoyerwa. Kana iyo multimeter inoratidza kubva ku2,3 kusvika ku5,1 Ohm, saka chikamu chiri mugwara rakanaka.

Iyo yakaderera kuramba kukosha inoratidza kuvharwa kwekutendeuka, uye yakakwira - yekumhara mabhureki.

Imwe bvunzo inoitwa neiyo rotor ndeyekutarisa kushandiswa kwesimba. Muchiitiko ichi, ammeter inoshandiswa (iyo inoenderana nzira yeiyo multimeter), 12V inopihwa kumhete. Panotsemuka dunhu, chishandiso chinoratidza kubva pa3 kusvika ku4,5, kana chinhu chiri kushanda nemazvo.

Pakupera kwekuongororwa, iyo insulating dura inoongororwa kusagadzikana. Maitiro acho anotevera. Tinotora 40-watt girobhu. Isu tinobatanidza kumucheto kwetambo kune iyo nzira, uye imwe yacho kumutumbi. Imwe yekudyidzana kwesoketi inosangana yakanangana neiyo rotor mhete. Nekudzivirira kwakanaka, mwenje haupenye. Kunyangwe iko kuduku incandescence kwemhepo kunoratidza iko kubuda kwazvino.

Kana, semhedzisiro yekuongororwa kwejenareta, kukanganiswa kwechimwe chezvinhu kwakawanikwa, chikamu chinochinja - uye chishandiso chakaita senge chitsva.

Heino pfupi vhidhiyo pane yekukurumidza jenareta bvunzo:

Maitiro ekutarisa jenareta. Mumaminetsi matatu, Pasina ZVIDZIDZO uye hunyanzvi.

Nekudaro, kana jenareta yemotokari ikakanganisa, iyo-pabhodhi network yemota haigare kwenguva refu. Bhatiri richakurumidza kupera, uye mutyairi anofanirwa kukwevera mota yake kunzvimbo yepedyo yebasa (kana kufonera rori yekukwevera izvi). Neichi chikonzero, wese muridzi wemota anofanirwa kutarisisa mwenje wekuyambira nechiratidzo chebhatiri.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Nzira yekutarisa kana pane kuchaja kubva kune jenareta kune bhatiri? Iyo gobvu waya yejenereta inobviswa (iyi +). Imwe probe ye multimeter yakabatana kune + bhatiri, uye yechipiri probe yakabatana kune yemahara yekubata jenareta.

Ungaziva sei kana jenareta isiri kushanda pamushini? Kunetsa kutanga injini yekupisa yemukati (bhatiri harina kunyatsochajiswa), kupenya kwechiedza injini ichimhanya, chiratidzo chebhatiri pane kurongedza chiripo, muridzo webhandi realternator drive.

Nzira yekutarisa sei jenareta iri kushanda kana kwete? Kuyera kwezvinobuda. Inofanira kuva pakati pe13.8-14.8V (2000 rpm). Kukundikana pasi pemutoro (chitofu chiripo, magetsi anopisa girazi) kusvika 13.6 - iyo inowanzo. Kana pazasi, jenareta yakashata.

Nzira yekutarisa sei kushanda kwejenereta ne multimeter? Iyo multimeter probes yakabatana kune bhatiri terminals (maererano nematanda) iyo mota iri kushanda. Chero kumhanya, voltage inofanira kunge iri mukati me14 volts.

Voeg