Nzira yekudzivirira kutonhora kwemafuta edhiziri uye maitiro ekuibvisa
Zviri mukati
Avo vanotyaira injini dzepeturu munzvimbo dzinotonhora dzinodziya havafungi nezvezvinetso zvetembiricha yemafuta. Asi dhiziri imwe nyaya. Kana iwe ukaregeredza kutsiva kwemwaka kwemafuta edhiziri, saka kana kutonhora kwekunze kuchipinda, unogona kukurumidza uye zvachose kumisa mota.
Diesel mafuta patembiricha isina kunaka inomira kupomba uye kuvhara zvakasimba nzira dzese dzemidziyo yemafuta.
Zvimiro zvezhizha dizeli mafuta
Chaizvoizvo madhigirii mashoma pazasi zero anozoshandura zhizha mafuta edhiziri kuita chinhu chinopenya, kubva paari parafini inotanga kubuda.
Nechepfungwa, kana mafuta akasangana nezviyero, anofanira kupfuura nepasefa kusvika -8 madhigirii. Asi mukuita, inenge isingashandisi uye inotanga kuvhara pores yake kare -5. Kune zvitima zvezhizha, izvi zvakajairika, asi zvinokanganisa kuita kwemota.
Sefa ichatanga yakundikana. Izvi zvakakwana kumisa injini. Asi madhipoziti akafanana achave mumutsara wese, mutangi, pombi, pombi uye nozzles.
Kunyangwe kungodziya sisitimu yekumutsidzira injini uye kutsiva mafuta edhiziri zvichange zvakaoma. Nekutonhora, pasinei nemamiriro ekunze enharaunda, nguva yechando dizeli mafuta inofanira kushandiswa. Dambudziko richamuka pasina yambiro, saka unofanira kutarisira motokari mberi.
Kutonhora kwechando
Iko kuumbwa chaiko kwemafuta edhiziri kune akasiyana emwaka zvinangwa hakuna kumira. Dzinosiyana zvisina kunanga mukuwanda (viscosity) pane imwe tembiricha. Mhando dzechando dzinenge imwe nehafu kusvika kaviri zvishoma zvishoma viscous.
Zhizha dhiziri
Mafuta ezhizha ari nani uye anodhura kupfuura mamwe ose, asi chete kana akashandiswa mumamiriro ekunze ane tembiricha yakanaka. Inokora kusvika pachikumbaridzo chekusefa pa -5 madhigirii.
Kunyangwe neiyo nzira yechiratidzo ichi, mafuta achange atove nemakore uye otanga kuumba mvura. Mumasisitimu emagetsi emazuva ano, kana zvese zvakagadzirirwa mafuta akachena akanyatsogadziriswa ma paramita emuviri, kunyangwe kutaridzika kudiki kwetsvina yakasimba kana gel-yakafanana isinganyungudika haigamuchirwi.
Haisi kana yechando. Kana injini yakamira nekuda kwekutyora kwekuumbwa kwemusanganiswa, ipapo mafuta edizeli haana kukodzera, saka hazvina musoro kutaura nezve shanduko yakakwana muchikamu chakasimba.
Uyezve, kuumbwa kwemafuta nezvikamu kunonyanya kutsamira pane feedstock uye tekinoroji yekugadzira, uye mhedzisiro yacho inotyisa, saka, padhuze ne zero tembiricha, giredhi iri harigamuchirwi kushandiswa. Kunyangwe kupisa kuburikidza nemitsara yekudzoka hakuzoponesi, chizvarwa chekupisa ikoko idiki, uye huwandu hwemafuta edhiziri mutangi yakakura.
Demi-mwaka mafuta
Yakasiyana-siyana, inonzi off-season maererano neGOST, inobvumira kutonhora pachikumbaridzo chekusefa kusvika -15 degrees. Panguva imwecheteyo, maitiro anobatsira emafuta edhiziri ezhizha anochengetedzwa, kunyanya, nhamba yecetane, iyo yakakosha pakunyorovesa kutenderera kwekushanda kweakaremerwa turbocharged dizeli injini ine yakakwira kuzadza mazinga uye simba density.
Zvibodzwa zvegiredhi reCommerce zvinowanzosangana neimwe margin, asi usavimbe nazvo. Zvichireva kutaura, iyi mafuta ematunhu ekumaodzanyemba ane hunyoro, asi kwete nguva dzose inofanotaurwa yechando.
Semuenzaniso, kupisa kwakanyanya kunogona kucherechedzwa ipapo mukati mezuva, kana zvichidikanwa kudyisa dhiziri nemafuta emhando yepamusoro, asi pane njodzi yekuifukidza nekuumbwa kwesediment uye kukuvadzwa kwemasefa panguva yechando chidiki chehusiku.
Nguva yechando dhiziri mafuta
Mhando dzechando dzinonzwa dziine chivimbo pakudziya kwakadzika kusvika kune minus 25-30 madhigirii, asi iva nechokwadi chekufunga nezve chaiyo dhizaini yechigadzirwa.
Zvinogoneka kuti munhu achaita gobvu sefa isati yamira kushanda pa -25, nepo vamwe vachitsungirira -35. Kazhinji chikumbaridzo chakananga chekushandisa chinoratidzwa mukunyorwa kwerudzi urwu rwemafuta, inofanira kuzivikanwa kumutyairi kubva pachitupa.
Kana zvakarongwa kushandisa motokari yedhiziri mumamiriro ezvinhu ane chando chakanyanya, saka zvichave zvakakodzera kuwedzera mafuta chete neArctic Diesel fuel. Inosefa zvichienderana nemhando kusvika -40 uye kunyange yakaderera.
Zvinogona kuitika kuti kutonhora kwenzvimbo kunodarika miganhu yese inonzwisisika, asi kazhinji mune tekinoroji yemotokari yemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro matanho akakosha anotorwa kupisa tangi nemafuta system, uye injini hadzidzimwi munguva yechando.
Nzira yekusarudza uye kushandisa mafuta edhiziri gore rose
Iwe haufanirwe kunetseka nezvehuni yezhizha, asi munguva yechando zviri nani kusarudza mafuta edhiziri chete pazviteshi zvegasi zvemhando huru. Chiitiko chevatyairi chinoratidza kuti kushambadzira kwechando kwemafuta edhiziri kubva kumakambani anozivikanwa anosangana nezvinodiwa zveGOST nehombe huru.
Kusvikira -25 hapana dambudziko kune chero chigadzirwa chero bedzi ichinzi ndeyekushandiswa kwechando. Pazasi iwe unofanirwa kushandisa chete arctic mafuta edhiziri, haatomboite makore kusvika -35.
Izvo hazvina kukodzera kutenga mafuta kubva kune vadiki vanogovera munguva yechando, sezvo zvimiro zvayo zvinogona kuchinja zvisingatarisirwi panguva yekuchengetedza uye kana zvakasanganiswa mumatangi nemasara emafuta ezhizha.
Zvinoita here kutyaira munguva yechando pamafuta edhiziri yezhizha
Muchando chakanyanya, kuedza kwakadaro pamotokari yako inodhura hazvibvumirwi. Asi muzviitiko zvakanyanyisa uye tembiricha yakashata, unogona kuwedzera makomisheni akakosha kune tangi inoderedza tembiricha.
Maantigel akadaro anobvumira kuti ichinje nemadhigirii mashoma, asi kwete zvakare. Iwe unofanirwa kutanga wadzidza iwo chaiwo maitiro uye maitiro ekushandiswa zvinoenderana nemugadziri. Uye yeuka kuti ichi chiyero chechinguvana.
Izvozvi hazvibvumirwe kunyungudutsa mafuta neparafini, uye zvakanyanya kunyanya nepeturu, sezvaiitwa nevatyairi vekare painjini dzekare. Pamisanganiswa yakadai, mota hairarame kwenguva yakareba, maitiro ayo chaiwo akanyanya kukwirira, uye zvese zvinoshanda padhuze nekusimba kwesimba zvakadaro.
Zviratidzo zvekutonhora kwemafuta mumotokari
Chiratidzo chekutanga uye chikuru chekupfuura muganhu wekudzivirira kwemafuta kune chando kuchave kutadza kweinjini kutanga. Izvo hazvingowane huwandu hwakakodzera hwemafuta edhiziri kuti atungidze uye afambe zvakanaka.
Kana kutonhora kwakatanga pakufamba, ipapo injini yedhiziri icharasikirwa nekudhonza, tanga kusvika katatu uye haizokwanisi kutenderera kusvika kune zita rekumhanya.
Zvinoonekwa, kuvharika kwemafuta edhiziri anowanzo kujeka anozoonekwa, ipapo kunaya kwemvura uye crystallization. Sefa iyo yavakaedza kutanga injini nemafuta akadaro ichave isingagoneki uye inofanira kutsiviwa. Kutyaira nemafuta asina kusefa hakutenderwi.
Nzira yekubvisa sei solar
Hazvina maturo kushandisa anti-gels kana mamwe majekiseni ekudzivirira apo mvura inonaya yakatotanga mumafuta, haina kusvibiswa uye injini haitangi. Ivo havangopindi munzvimbo dzakavharwa neparafini.
Iwe unogona kuedza kupisa bhodhoro muhuti system - iyo sefa. Iyo bhodhoro iripo pakutanga. Asi dzimwe nzvimbo dzese, kusanganisira tangi remafuta, dzinofanirawo kudziiswa. Nokudaro, chisarudzo chekadhiini chichave chekuisa muchina muimba inopisa.
Zvakawanda zvinoenderana nekuoma uye zvemazuva ano zvemotokari. Marori ekare aidziyirwa kwete chete nemucheka wemvere, asi kunyangwe ne blowtorch. Zvino izvi hazvibvumirwi.
Pakati pemaitiro evanhu, zvinokwanisika kuona kusikwa kwemhando yepurasitiki firimu greenhouse pamusoro pemotokari. Mhepo inopisa inopeperetswa nayo kubva mupfuti inopisa. Nechando chidiki, iyo nzira inoshanda chaizvo, asi iwe uchafanirwa kupedza nguva uye yakawanda yakawanda yemagetsi.
Iyo firimu ine yakanaka yekupisa conductivity, kunyangwe isingaregi mweya uchipfuura, saka zviri nani kuvaka pekugara muzvikamu zvakawanda.
