Unoziva sei kana yave nguva yekuchinja bhatiri remota yako?
Kushanda kwemashini

Unoziva sei kana yave nguva yekuchinja bhatiri remota yako?

Bhatiri iri pasi pekupfeka kwechisikigo semhedzisiro yekuvira kwe electrolyte, sulfation uye kuparadzwa kweanoshanda mahwendefa. Pasi pemamiriro ekushanda, maitiro aya anoitika zvishoma nezvishoma uye mabhatiri anoshanda mumotokari 3-5 makore.

Nekufamba nzendo shoma shoma, kuwedzera mutoro uye pasina kugadzirisa panguva, hupenyu hwebhatiri hunoderedzwa, izvo zvinotungamira capacity drop, inrush current uye kusakwanisa kwekutanga injini yekupisa yemukati. Kazhinji, matambudziko anooneka panguva yechando nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemutoro pabhatiri uye kuderedza kushanda kwayo kwekuchaja.

Nezvekuti bhatiri yemotokari inofa sei, zviratidzo zvipi zvinoratidza izvi uye kuti unganzwisisa sei kana yava nguva yekuchinja bhatiri mumotokari - tichataura munyaya ino.

chiratidzo chekutanga chekuti inguva yekuchinja bhatiri mumotokari inokurumidza kudonha mumagetsi kunyange pasi pemutoro mudiki panguva yekupaka (chero bedzi iyo inoshandiswa ikozvino mune iyi modhi iri mukati meyakajairika renji - hapana yakakwirira kupfuura 80 mA). Kunyange kana simba rebhatiri rinoputika rakasimudzwa kusvika 12,7 V uchishandisa charger, asi mushure mokuiisa pamotokari uye kupaka kwemaawa anopfuura gumi nemaviri, inodonha zvakare kusvika 12 uye pasi - ichinje. Zvikasadaro, pane imwe nguva (kazhinji mangwanani ane chando) haugone kutanga injini yekupisa yemukati. Asi pane zvimwe zviratidzo uye bvunzo izvo zvichabatsira kuona kana kutenga bhatiri idzva.

Zviratidzo zvebhatiri riri kufa - nguva yekutarisa pasi pehodhi

Zviratidzo zvekupfeka kwebhatiri pamotokari zvinowanzova pachena paunotanga injini и nemutoro unowedzera kune onboard network. Zvimwe zvacho zvinogona kuratidza zvese kupera kwechishandiso chebhatiri pachayo, kana kungodonha muyero yekuchaja nekuda kwekuputsika kwejenereta kana kuwedzera simba rekushandisa kunokonzerwa nekushanda kwakashata kwemidziyo.

Zviratidzo zvikuru zvebhatiri remotokari riri kufa ndezvi:

Unoziva sei kana yave nguva yekuchinja bhatiri remota yako?

Zviratidzo zvebhatiri rakaneta pamuenzaniso weLada Vesta: vhidhiyo

  • iyo yekutanga haitombo tyaira iyo flywheel, kunyanya pakudziya kwakadzika, kumhanya kuri pachena kunononoka kana kiyi kana bhatani rekutanga rakabatwa kweanopfuura 2-3 masekonzi;
  • kupenya kwekupenya kwemwenje uye kuvhenekera kwemukati kunodonha zvakanyanya kana injini ichidzimwa, uye mushure mekutanga inowedzera kamwe kamwe;
  • bhatiri rinoenda ku zero mushure memaawa gumi nemaviri ekupaka;
  • sipidhi yekumhanya inodonha kana vamwe vatengi vakabatidzwa, uye kana air conditioner ikavhurwa, injini dzimwe nguva inomira;
  • kubatidza mutengi (zviyero uye mwenje, odhiyo system, compressor yekupomba mavhiri) munzvimbo yekupaka ine injini yakadzimwa inokonzera kudonha kwebhatiri voltage;
  • Kana injini yadzimwa, wiper, mahwindo, uye sunroof yemagetsi zvinofamba zvishoma nezvishoma uye nekunetseka.

Paunoona zviratidzo zvinotsanangurwa, unofanirwa kutarisa pasi pehood uye ongorora bhatiri. Zviratidzo zviri pachena zvekutadza kwebhatiri uye zvikonzero zvavo zvakanyorwa muchikamu chinotevera.

Zviratidzo uye zvikonzero zvebhatiri remotokari riri kufa

Bhatiri rakapedza hupenyu hwaro rinogona kukundikana chero nguva. Mukuwedzera kune chokwadi chokuti motokari inogona kusatanga kana kutonhora kana mushure mekufamba kwenguva pfupi, bhatiri rinogona kuparadzwa ne electrolyte leakage, kusashanda mumagetsi e-on-board nekuda kwekudonha kwemagetsi, nezvimwewo. Uyezve, i zvakakosha kuwedzera mutoro pane jenareta. Waona zviratidzo zvebhatiri riri kufa, unofanirwa kutora matanho ekubvisa zvikonzero zvekuonekwa kwavo, wozochaja bhatiri kana kuitsiva.

Zviratidzo zvebhatiri remotokari riri kufa uye zvikonzero zvavo:

Dambudziko rebhatiriSei izvi zviri kuitikaZvekugadzira
Bhatiri rinopera nekukurumidza
  1. Kudonha mu electrolyte level.
  2. Kuparadzwa kwemahwendefa anoshanda.
  1. Wedzera electrolyte kana zvichibvira.
  2. Tsiva bhatiri.
Gray light plaque pamahwendefaKuchaja kwakadzika kana suboptimal bhatiri yekuchaja modhi.kuchaja ne desulfation yebhatiri kana kutsiva bhatiri.
Hull yakaputika (hapana kukuvara)
  1. Kuwedzera gasi kuumbwa nekuda kwekuwedzeredza kana kudonha kweiyo electrolyte level.
  2. Makomba akavharika ekufema.
  1. Bvisa chikonzero chekuwandisa, dzosera mwero we electrolyte uye uchaja bhatiri.
  2. Makomba emhepo yakachena.
Kutsemuka uye mitsara pane yebhatiri kesi
  1. Kudzvinyirira kwakanyanya mukati meimba nekuda kwekuwedzera gasi kuumbwa.
  2. Kutonhora kwe electrolyte nekuda kwekuderera kwehuwandu.
Tsiva bhatiri.
Low voltage uye electrolyte density mushure mekuchajaSarufa kubva ku electrolyte inoshanduka kuita lead sulfate uye inogara pamahwendefa, asi haigone kunyungudika kumashure nekuda kwekunyanya kuumbwa kwekristaro, saka kuwanda kwe electrolyte kunodzikira. Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kuti electrolyte kufashaira kure.Chaja bhatiri uye gadzirisa density ye electrolyte. Kana izvozvo zvisingabatsire, shandura bhatiri.
Electrolyte yakasviba kana ine sedimentKuparadzwa kwehuwandu hunoshanda hwemahwendefa kana kuumbwa kweinsoluble sulfate.Bhatiri rinoda kuchinjwa sezvo risingagadzirisiki.
Plaque pamabhatiri terminalsKufashaira kwe electrolyte panguva yekuchaja nekuda kwebhatiri sulfation.Pamusoro nemvura yakasvibiswa, kubhadharisa ne desulfation, kana zvisingabatsiri, shandura bhatiri.

Hupenyu hwebhatiri hunoenderana nerudzi rwayo:

  • yakajairika inotungamira antimony uye yakaderera antimony - anenge makore 3-4;
  • hybrid uye calcium - anenge makore 4-5;
  • AGM - makore mashanu;
  • gel (GEL) - makore 5-10.

Zviratidzo zvekupfekwa kwebhatiri remotokari zvinogona kuoneka kare nekumhanya kupfupi, kutanga kazhinji, zvimwe zvakawanda zvekushandisa, senge off-the-sherufu infotainment system ine maamplifiers epamusoro uye mataurirwo emagetsi, kana kusashanda zvakanaka kunoguma nekuchajisa kana kudhiza. Panguva imwechete mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka uye nekugadzirisa panguva Bhatiri inogona kugara 1,5-2 nguva refu zuva racho.

Nzira yekutarisa kana bhatiri richida kuchinjwa

Sezvineiwo, kudikanwa kwekutsiva bhatiri yemuchina kunoratidzwa chete nekukuvadza kune kesi, kuparadzwa kana kupfupika kwemahwendefa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, unogona kuedza kuwedzera hupenyu hwebhatiri nekuedza kuichaja nekuiedza. Kuti utange ongororo yekupfeka kwebhatiri remuchina usati waedzwa, unoda:

  • Kuyera voltage. Pane bhatiri rinoshanda rine yakajairika residual sosi, inofanira kudaro kwete pasi pe12,6 V kana kuyerwa maawa matatu mushure mekuchaja. Lower values ​​anoratidza kwakakosha kupfeka, uye kana iyo voltage haina kusvika 11 V, ndizvo pfupi redunhu mukana imwe yemasero.
  • Electrolyte density zvinoenderana nekupisa uye nhanho yekuchaja, tinya kuti uwedzere

  • Tarisa electrolyte density. Kazhinji, pabhatiri rakanyatsochajiswa, rinofanira kunge riri pamusoro 1,27–1,28 g/cm3 при комнатной температуре. Проверить плотность можно и на разряженной батарее, но тогда для оценки ее состояния нужно сравнивать полученные значения с табличными. Нормальная зависимость плотности от температуры и заряда указана на иллюстрации.
  • Tarisa chiyero che electrolyte. Kazhinji, iyo electrolyte inofanira kunge ine nhanho 1,5-2 cm pamusoro pemucheto maplates. Mabhatiri mazhinji ane mamakisi emazinga mukati memakomba ebasa, mune mamwe mamodheru anoratidzwa achishandisa chiratidzo chekuyangarara. Kana iyo nhanho iri pasi penguva dzose, inogona kudzorerwa nemvura yakasvibiswa.
  • Lead sulfate pamabhatiri mahwendefa, tinya kuti ukure

  • Tarisa sulfation. Mumabhatiri anoshandirwa ane mapulagi, nekuasunungura, unogona kutarisa mahwendefa. Zvakanakira mune mhosva mamiriro pavari hapafanirwe kuve negrey coating, chidimbu chiduku chinogamuchirwa, asi dhipoziti pamusoro penzvimbo zhinji inoratidza chiyero chepamusoro chekupfeka pabhatiri yemotokari.

Izvo zvinokwanisika kuziva zvakavimbika kupera uye kubvaruka kwemabhatiri emotokari uchishandisa michina yekuongorora kana bvunzo.

Muedzo 1: Yakajairika mutoro bvunzo

Hazvisi nguva dzose zvinogoneka kuwana hupenyu hwebhatiri hwasara chete nezviratidzo zvekunze uye voltage. Imwe nzira yakarurama ndeyekuedza kwekutakura. Nzira iri nyore yekuziva bhatiri riri kufa ndeyekuisa nemidziyo yemagetsi yakajairwa. Pabvunzo iwe unoda:

  1. Mushure mekugadzirisa zvakare kana rwendo rurefu, mirira kubva paawa 1-2 kusvika bhatiri voltage yadzokera kune yakajairika.
  2. Batidza mwenje.
  3. Mirira anenge maminitsi makumi matatu.
  4. Tanga injini zvakare.

Kana bhatiri richigonekawo, uye mota yakarongeka, zvino ichatanga pakuedza kwekutanga, mutangi unotenderera nekukurumidza. Nebheteri yakasakara, kutanga kuchava kwakaoma (kana kuti hazvibviri zvachose) uye iwe unofanirwa kunzwa kuti mutangi unoshanda sei "mukusimba", kukurumidza kwayo kunopera.

Muedzo 2: Kutarisa neforogo yemutoro

Iwe unogona kukurumidza kuona kuti inguva yekuchinja bhatiri uchishandisa plug yekuremedza. Muedzo unoitwa pabhatiri rakachajwa nenzira iyi:

Unoziva sei kana yave nguva yekuchinja bhatiri remota yako?

Kuedzwa kwebhatiri neplug yekuremedza: vhidhiyo

  1. Batanidza plug yekuremerwa neiyo isina kurodha terminal uye kuyera yakavhurika yedunhu voltage (OCV).
  2. Batanidza plug yekuremedza neyechipiri terminal uye kuyera voltage pasi pemutoro wepamusoro.
  3. Chengetedza plug yakabatana kweanenge 5 masekonzi uye tarisa shanduko yemagetsi pachiyero chayo kana skrini.

Mumamiriro akanaka, bhatiri rakachajwa rinofanira kuendesa 12,6-13 volts pasina mutoro. Mushure mekubatanidza plug, iyo voltage inodonha, uye nehukuru hwekudhirowa, unogona kuyera dhigirii rekupfeka. Pane bhatiri remuchina unoshanda zvakakwana 55-75 Ah, kudonha kweinenge 10,5–11 V kunofanira kuitika.

Kana bhatiri "rakaneta" asiwo rinoshandiswa, ipapo mhepo mumutoro ichava 9,5-10,5 V. Kana maitiro akawira pasi pe9 V, ​​ipapo bhatiri rakadaro richakurumidza kuchinjwa.

Chimiro chekuchinja mukuverenga ndicho chiratidzo chechipiri chekupfeka. Kana pasi pemutoro iyo voltage pamudziyo yakagadzikana kana kunyange kuwedzera zvishoma, ipapo bhatiri riri kushanda. Kuramba kuderera kwevoltage kunoratidza kuti bhatiri ratosakara uye haritore mutoro.

Muedzo 3: Load capacitance kuyerwa

Kuwanda kwebhatiri kunoyerwa muAh uye kunoratidzwa pabhatiri. Kukosha uku kunowanikwa nekuburitsa bhatiri nemutoro we0,05C kana 5% yezita rezita, kureva 2,5A ye50Ah kana 5A ye100Ah. unofanira kuchaja bhatiri, wozoenderera mberi nenzira inotevera:

  1. Edza iyo NRC yebhatiri rakachajwa uye rakagadzika kwemaawa akati wandei.
  2. Batanidza mutoro wesimba rakakodzera re0,05C (kune bhatiri remutakuri, 12 V light bulb kusvika ku30-40 W yakakodzera).
  3. Siya bhatiri nemutoro kwemaawa mashanu.
  4. Kana bhatiri ichibudiswa kune voltage iri pasi pe 11,5 V panguva ino, chigumisiro chave chatojeka: chigadziro chayo chave chapera!

    Kutsamira kwevoltiji pachiyero chekubuda kwebhatiri, tinya kuti ukudze

  5. Bvisa mutoro, mirira maminetsi mashoma kuti NRC igadzikane uye uiyere kuitira kuongorora bhatiri voltage level.
  6. Sarudza chikamu chekubuda. Semuenzaniso, kana bhatiri yebhatiri ine chiyero che70%, ipapo bhatiri rakazara rinobudiswa ne30%.
  7. Verenga iyo yakasara simba uchishandisa fomula Comp. = (mutoro muA) * (nguva mumaawa) * 100 / (kubvisa muzana).

Kana mwenje ichipedza 3,3 A, uye bhatiri ine simba re 60-65 A_h inobudiswa ne5% mumaawa mashanu, ipapo Comp. = 40_3,3_5 / 100 = 40 A_h, iyo inoratidza kuvapo kwekuonekwa, asiwo kupfeka kunogamuchirwa. . Bhatiri rakadaro richashanda, chete muchando chakanyanya zvingava zvakaoma kutanga.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, huwandu hwebhatiri hwakadonha nekuda kwe sulfation yemaplateti hunogona kusimudzwa zvishoma neashoma-ikozvino kubhadharisa-kuburitsa ma cycles kana mune pulsed mode, inowanikwa mune akati wandei mamodhi e otomatiki charger.

Muedzo 4: Kuyera kwekupikiswa kwemukati

zvakare imwe nzira yekunzwisisa kuti bhatiri pamotokari iri kufa ndeyekuyera kupikisa kwemukati kwebhatiri.

Kuedza bhatiri nechishandiso chehunyanzvi Fluke BT510

Izvi zvinogona kuitwa zvakananga uye zvisina kunanga:

  • Прямой. A special tester inoshandiswa, amateur (somuenzaniso, YR1035) kana nyanzvi (somuenzaniso, Fluke BT510), iyo inoratidza zvakananga kukosha kwemukati.
  • Zvisina kunanga. Kukosha kwekupikisa kwemukati kunotarirwa nekudonha kwevoltage pamutoro unozivikanwa.
Bhatiri rinoshandiswa uye rinochajiswa rinotungamira, kana rakaedzwa nemuongorori, rinofanira kuratidza kupikisa kwemukati kweiyo 3-7 mOhm (0,003-0,007 Ohm). Iyo yakakura iyo capacitance, iyo yakaderera kukosha kunofanirwa kuve. Kupetwa kaviri kukosha kunoratidza kuti sosi yakaderedzwa ne50%.

Kuti uverenge zvisina kunanga kupikisa, iwe uchada multimeter kana voltmeter uye mutoro une inozivikanwa ikozvino kushandiswa. A 60 watt muchina mwenje girobhu ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka.

Maitiro ekutarisa hupenyu hwebhatiri nekuverenga kuramba:

  1. Pabhatiri rakachajwa uye rakagadziriswa, NRC inoyerwa.
  2. Mutoro unobatanidzwa nebhatiri, iyo inochengetwa kusvikira voltage yagadzikana - kazhinji inenge miniti.
  3. Kana iyo voltage inodonha zvakanyanya pazasi 12 V, isingagadzike uye inogara ichiderera kunyangwe pasi pemutoro mudiki, kupfeka kwebhatiri kwatove pachena pasina mimwe miedzo.
  4. Battery voltage inoyerwa pasi pekuremerwa.
  5. Ukuru hwekudonha kweNRC (ΔU) inotarwa.
  6. Izvo zvinoguma ΔU kukosha inoparadzaniswa nemutoro wezvino (I) (5 A ye60 W mwenje) kuti uwane kukosha kwekupikisa maererano nemaitiro Rpr.=ΔU / ΔI. ΔIni ndichave 5A yemwenje we60W.
  7. Theoretical yemukati kuramba bhatiri inoverengerwa nekupatsanura simba rayo rezita neyakatsanangurwa yekutanga ikozvino maererano neformula Rtheor.=U/I.
  8. Iko kukosha kweiyo theoretical inofananidzwa neiyo inoshanda uye mamiriro ebhatiri anotemerwa nemusiyano wavo. Kana bhatiri iri mumamiriro akanaka, ipapo musiyano pakati pemugumisiro chaiwo uye iyo theoretical ichave duku.
Unoziva sei kana yave nguva yekuchinja bhatiri remota yako?

Kuverengera kwemukati kuramba kwebhatiri: vhidhiyo

Semuenzaniso, ngatitorei bhatiri ne 60 A * h uye kutanga ikozvino 600 A, inopomerwa kusvika ku 12,7 V. Its theoretical resistance Rtheor = 12,7 / 600 = 0,021 Ohm kana 21 mOhm.

Kana pamberi peNRC yaiva 12,7 V, uye kana yakayerwa mushure mekutakura - 12,5 V, mumuenzaniso ichaita seyiyi: Rpr.=(12,7-12,5)/5=0,04 Ohm kana 40 mOhm. Zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yezviyero, zvinokwanisika kuverenga kutanga ikozvino kwebhatiri, uchifunga nezvekupfeka zvinoenderana nemutemo weOhm, ndiko kuti, I \u12,7d 0,04 / 317,5 \u600d XNUMX A (kubva kufekitari XNUMX A)

Kana pamberi pezviyero voltage yaiva 12,65 V, uye mushure - 12,55, ipapo Rpr = (12,65-12,55) / 5 = 0,02 Ohm kana 20 mOhm. Izvi zvinosangana neiyo theoretical 21 mΩ, uye maererano nemutemo weOhm tinowana I \u12,67d 0,021 / 604 \uXNUMXd XNUMX A, ndiko kuti, bhatiri riri mumamiriro akakwana.

Zvakare, imwe nzira yekuverenga kupikisa kwemukati kwebhatiri ndeyekuyera voltage yayo pamitoro miviri yakasiyana. Inoratidzwa pavhidhiyo.

Mhinduro kumibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa

  • Nzira yekunzwisisa sei kuti bhatiri yakwegura?

    Iwe unogona kuona kuti bhatiri rakasakara zvisina kunaka ne 4 zviratidzo:

    • hupenyu hwebasa hwebheteri hunopfuura makore mashanu (zuva rekubudiswa rinoratidzwa pachivharo);
    • Iyo injini yekupisa yemukati inotanga nekuomerwa kunyangwe mukudziya kwekunze, kudonha kwekutanga kumhanya kunonzwika;
    • iyo pa-bhodhi komputa inogara ichiratidza kudikanwa kwekuchaja bhatiri;
    • Maawa matatu ekupaka ane zviyero zvakasanganisirwa uye ICE yakavharwa zvakakwana kuti ICE itange nekunetseka kukuru kana kusatanga zvachose.
  • Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekuti inguva yekuchinja bhatiri mumotokari?

    Kupfeka kwakakosha kwebhatiri remuchina kunoratidzwa ne:

    • high speed kuchaja uye kubudisa;
    • kuwedzera kupikisa kwemukati;
    • bhatiri voltage inodonha nekukurumidza pasi pemutoro;
    • iyo yekutanga haina kutendeuka zvakanaka kunyange mumamiriro ekunze anodziya;
    • nyaya yacho ine kuputika, electrolyte smudges inoonekwa pamadziro kana kuvhara.
  • Nzira yekutarisa bhatiri kuti rakakodzera here?

    Iwe unogona kukurumidza kutarisa bhatiri kuti rakakodzera here uchishandisa plug yekutakura. Mhepo iri pasi pemutoro haifaniri kuwira pasi pe 9 V. Kuongorora kwakavimbika kunoitwa nekuyera kupikisa kwemukati uchishandisa zvigadzirwa zvakakosha kana mutoro wakaiswa uye kuenzanisa kukosha kwechokwadi nereferensi.

  • Nzira yekuziva sei bhatiri rinopera uchishandisa charger?

    Yepamberi mabhatiri majaja, akadai seBerkut BCA-10, ane bvunzo modhi inokubvumira kuti uishandise kuona yekutanga ikozvino, yemukati kuramba uye kuongorora dhigirii rekupfeka. Kuyeuka kwakajairika kunogona kusarudza kupfeka nezviratidzo zvisina kunanga: kuburitswa kwegasi mune imwe yemakani kana zvinopesana, kusavapo kwayo zvachose mune imwe yemakamuri, kusavapo kwekudonha kwazvino sezvainopomerwa nemagetsi anogara aripo, kupisa kwenyaya.

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