Nhoroondo yeSkoda mota brand
Zviri mukati
Iyo automaker Skoda ndeimwe yemhando dzakakurumbira pasi rese dzinogadzira vafambi mota uye epakati-renji crossovers. Dzimbahwe rekambani iri muMlada Boleslav, Czech Republic.
Kusvikira 1991, kambani iyi yaive indasitiri yemubatanidzwa, iyo yakaumbwa muna 1925, uye kusvika panguva iyoyo yaive fekitori diki yeLaurin & Klement. Nhasi iye chikamu cheVAG (kune rumwe ruzivo nezve iro boka, ona mune imwe wongororo).
Skoda nhoroondo
Kuvambwa kwepasirese automaker ane mukurumbira ane zvishoma zvishoma kumashure. Zana ramakore rechiXNUMX rakanga rava kupera. Mutengesi wemabhuku weCzech Vláclav Klement anotenga bhasikoro rinodhura rekune dzimwe nyika, asi munguva pfupi pakave nezvinetso nechigadzirwa, icho chakarambwa kugadzirisa nemugadziri
Kuti "arange" mugadziri asina hunhu, Włacław, pamwe chete nemazita ake, Laurin (aive makanika anozivikanwa munzvimbo iyoyo, uye mutengi wenguva zhinji wechitoro chemabhuku chaClement) akaronga kugadzirwa kudiki kwemabhasikoro avo. Zvigadzirwa zvavo zvaive nemagadzirirwo akati siyanei uyezve zvaive zvakavimbika kupfuura izvo zvakatengeswa nemukwikwidzi wavo. Uye zvakare, ivo vadyidzani vakapa yakazara-yakazara garandi yezvigadzirwa zvavo nekugadziriswa kwemahara kana zvichidikanwa.
Iyo fekitori yakanzi Laurin & Klement, uye yakavambwa muna 1895. Mabhasikoro eSlavia akabuda mushopu yegungano. Mumakore maviri chete, kugadzirwa kwakawedzera zvakanyanya zvekuti kambani diki yaive yatokwanisa kutora ivhu uye kuvaka fekitori yayo.
Aya ndiwo matanho makuru emugadziri, ayo akazopinda mumusika wemotokari wepasirese.
- 1899 - Iyo kambani inowedzera kugadzirwa, ichitanga kugadzira yayo midhudhudhu, asi nezvirongwa zvekugadzira mota.
- 1905 - yekutanga Czech mota inoonekwa, asi yaive ichiri kugadzirwa pasi pechiratidzo cheL & K. Muenzaniso wekutanga wainzi Voiturette. Pamusoro payo, mamwe marudzi emota akagadzirwa, kusanganisira marori uye kunyange mabhazi. Motokari iyi yakanga vakapakata maviri humburumbira V-serinjini injini Injini yega yega yaive yakanyoroveswa nemvura. Iyo modhi yakaratidzirwa pamakwikwi emota muAustria, uko kukunda kwakakundwa mukirasi yemotokari yemugwagwa.
- 1906 - Voiturette inowana injini ina-humburumbira, uye makore maviri gare gare mota inogona kuiswa ne4-humburumbira ICE.
- 1907 - Kuti ikwezve mari yekuwedzera, zvakagadziriswa kuchinja chinzvimbo chekambani kubva kune yakazvimirira fani kuenda kune yakabatana stock stock. Kugadzirwa kwakawedzera nekuda kwekuzivikanwa kwemota dzakagadzirwa. Vakafarira kubudirira kwakanyanya pamakwikwi emota. Mota dzakaratidza mhedzisiro yakanaka, nekuda kwekuti mucherechedzo wakakwanisa kutora chikamu mumakwikwi epasi rese. Imwe yemhando dzakabudirira dzakabuda panguva iyi yaive F. Iko kusarudzika kwemotokari kwaive kuti injini yaive nehoriyamu ye2,4 litres, uye simba rayo rakasvika 21 bhiza. Iyo yekupisa system nemakenduru, ayo aishanda kubva kune yakakwira voltage kupisa, yaionekwa senge yakasarudzika panguva iyoyo. Pahwaro hweiyo modhi, zvakagadziridzwa zvinoverengeka, semuenzaniso, omnibass, kana bhazi diki.
- 1908 - Kugadzirwa kwemidhudhudhu kwakaderedzwa. Mugore rimwe chete, iyo yekupedzisira-humburumbira mota yakaburitswa. Mimwe mimwe mienzaniso yakagamuchira injini ina-humburumbira.
- 1911 - Kutanga kwekugadzirwa kweModel S, iyo yakagamuchira injini yemabhiza gumi nemana.
- 1912 - Iyo kambani inotora iyo inogadzira kubva kuReichenberg (yava kunzi Liberec) - RAF. Kunze kwekugadzirwa kwemotokari dzakareruka, kambani iyi yaiita basa rekugadzira enjini dzakajairika, mota dzemagetsi ndege, injini dzemoto dzemukati dzine magejo uye pasina mavhavha, michina yakakosha (ma rollers) nemidziyo yekurima (magejo ane mota).
- 1914 - sevazhinji vanogadzira michina yemagetsi, kambani yeCzech yakagadzirisazve zvido zvemauto zvemunyika. Mushure mekuparara kweAustria-Hungary, kambani yakatanga kusangana nematambudziko emari. Chikonzero cheichi ndechekuti vaimbove vatengi vakagumira kunze kwenyika, izvo zvakaita kuti zviome kutengesa zvigadzirwa.
- 1924 - Iyo chirimwa yakakuvara zvakanyanya nemoto muhombe mukati umo ingangodaro zvese zvishandiso zvakaparadzwa. Asingasviki mwedzi mitanhatu gare gare, kambani iri kupora kubva kunjodzi, asi izvi hazvina kuzvichengetedza kubva pakuderera zvishoma nezvishoma mukugadzirwa. Chikonzero cheichi chakawedzera kukwikwidza kubva kune vagadziri vepamba - Tatra naPraga. Iyo mhando inodiwa kugadzira mhando nyowani dzemotokari. Iyo kambani haina kukwanisa kubata neiri basa iri yega, saka sarudzo yakakosha inoitwa gore rinouya.
- 1925 - AS K & L inova chikamu cheCzech chinetso Skoda Automobile Plant AS muPlzen (ikozvino yava Skoda Kubata). Kutanga gore rino, chirimwa chemotokari chinotanga kuburitsa mota pasi pechiratidzo cheSkoda. Iye zvino dzimbahwe riri muPrague, uye chirimwa chikuru chiri muPlzen.
- 1930 - Iyo Boleslav fekitori inoshandurwa kuita ASAP (yakabatana-stock kambani yemotokari indasitiri).
- 1930 - mutsva mutsara wemotokari unoonekwa, uyo unogashira yekuvandudza forogo-musana furemu. Uku kusimudzira kwakagadzirirwa kushomeka kwekusanzwisisika kwetorsional kwemaenzaniso ese apfuura. Chimwe chiitiko chemota idzi kwaive kumiswa kwakazvimirira.
- 1933 - Kugadzirwa kweiyo 420 Standart kunotanga. Nekuda kwekuti mota iri 350 kg. akareruka kupfuura ayo akamutangira, zvave zvishoma kushatisa uye zviri nyore kushanda, zvawana mukurumbira wakakwirira. Shure kwaizvozvo, iyo modhi yakanzi Mukurumbira.
- 1934 - Iyo nyowani Superb inotangwa.
- 1935 - Kugadzirwa kweiyo Rapid renji kunotanga.
- 1936 - Imwe yakasarudzika Favorit mutsara yakagadzirwa. Nekuda kweaya mana ekushandurwa, kambani inotora chinzvimbo chinotungamira pakati pevatambi veCzechoslovakia.
- 1939-1945 iyo kambani inoshandura zvizere kuzadzisa mauto emauto kuTatu Reich. Pakupera kwehondo, ingangoita 70 muzana yezvivakwa zvechigadzirwa zvainge zvaparadzwa nemabhomba.
- 1945-1960 - Czechoslovakia inova nyika yemagariro, uye Skoda yakawana chinzvimbo chinotungamira mukugadzirwa kwemotokari. Munguva yepashure pehondo, akati wandei emamodeli akabudirira akabuda, senge Felicia, Tudor (1200), Octavia uye Spartak.
- Kutanga kwema1960 kwakaratidzirwa neakakosha lag kumashure kwezviitiko zvepasirese, asi nekuda kwemutengo webhajeti, mota dzinoramba dzichidikanwa kwete muEurope chete. Kune mamwe maSUV akanaka kuNew Zealand - Trekka, uye yePakistan - Skopak.
- 1987 - Kugadzirwa kweyakavandudzwa Favorit modhi inotanga, iyo inongotungamira iyo mhando kudonha. Shanduko dzezvematongerwo enyika uye hombe kudyara mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva zvakamanikidza manejimendi manejimendi kutsvaga shamwari dzekune dzimwe nyika kuitira kukwezva mari yakawanda.
- 1990 - VAG yakasarudzwa seyakavimbika yekudyidzana naye. Pakupera kwa1995, kambani yemubereki inowana 70% yemasheya echiratidzo. Iyo yose kambani inotorwa pamusoro nekunetsekana muna 2000, apo mamwe ese masheya anotengwa kunze.
- 1996 - Iyo Octavia inogamuchira dzinoverengeka dzekuvandudzwa, chakanyanya kukosha chayo chikuva chakagadzirwa naVolkswagen. Kutenda kune dzinoverengeka shanduko yekuvandudza hwokugadzira hunhu hwezvigadzirwa, michina yeCzech inogadzira inowana mukurumbira wekusadhura, asi nemhando yepamusoro yekuvaka. Izvi zvinobvumidza iyo mhando kuti iite zvimwe zvinonakidza kuyedza.
- 1997-2001, imwe yemhando dzekuyedza, Felicia Kunakidzwa, yakagadzirwa, yakaitwa mumuviri wekutakura uye yaive neruvara rwakatsvuka.
- 2016 - nyika yevatyairi vakaona crossover yekutanga kubva kuSkoda - Kodiaq.
- 2017 - Iyo kambani inozivisa inotevera compact crossover, Karoq. Hurumende yechiratidzo inozivisa kuvhurwa kwesangano rekambani, chinangwa chayo kwaive kutanga kugadzirwa kwemakumi matatu emhando nyowani muna 2022. Izvi zvichafanirwa kusanganisira gumi emahybrids uye akazara-magetsi magetsi mota.
- 2017 - kuShanghai Auto Show, iyo mhando inovhura yekutanga prototype yemagetsi coupe-mhando SUV - Vision. Iyo modhi inoenderana neiyo VAG chikuva MEB.
- 2018 - iyo Scala yemhuri mota modhi inowanikwa pane auto kuratidzira.
- 2019 - kambani yakaunza iyo Kamiq subcompact crossover. Mugore rimwe chete, kugadzirwa-kwakagadzirira Citigo-e iV guta remagetsi mota yemagetsi yakaratidzwa. Mamwe mafekitori eiyo automaker anoshandurwa zvishoma kuti agadzire mabhatiri zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi hweiyo VAG kunetsekana.
Logo
Munhoroondo yese, kambani yakashandura logo kanoverengeka pasi payo yaakatengesa zvigadzirwa zvayo:
- 1895-1905 - Iwo ekutanga emhando emabhasikoro uye midhudhudhu akatakura chiratidzo cheSlavia, icho chakagadzirwa muchimiro chebhasikoro vhiri rine lime mashizha mukati.
- 1905-25 - iyo hodhi logo yakachinjirwa kuL & K, iyo yakaiswa mudenderedzwa rakatenderedzwa rakagadzirwa nemashizha e linden.
- 1926-33 - Zita rezita rinoshandurwa kuita Skoda, iro rinobva rangoratidzwa muchiratidzo chekambani. Ino nguva zita rezita rakaiswa muhovhosi ine muganho wakafanana neshanduro yapfuura.
- 1926-90 - mukufanana, chakavanzika siluetti inoonekwa pane imwe yemhando dzekambani, yakafanana nemuseve unobhururuka nemapapiro eshiri. Kusvika ikozvino, hapana anoziva zvechokwadi kuti chii chakakonzera kugadzirwa kwemufananidzo wakadai, asi izvozvi unozivikanwa pasi rese. Sekureva kweimwe yeshanduro, achifamba achiyambuka America, Emil Skoda aigara achiperekedzwa nemuIndia, ane mbiri yemakore mazhinji mumifananidzo mumahofisi ekutungamira kwekambani. Museve unobhururuka uchibva pakatarisana neiyi siluetti unofungidzirwa sechiratidzo chekukurumidza kukura uye kuita kweanoshanda matekinoroji mune zvigadzirwa zvechigadzirwa.
- 1999-2011 - manyorerwo eiyo logo pazasi anoramba akafanana, chete ruvara rwemberi rwunoshanduka uye dhirowa yacho inozowedzera kuva yakawanda. Green shades inoratidzira pahukama hwehukama hwechigadzirwa.
- 2011 - Iyo logo yechiratidzo zvakare inogamuchira shanduko diki. Iko kumashure iko iko kwashanduka kuchena, zvichiita kuti siluetti yemuseve unobhururuka uwedzere kushamisika, nepo girini tema ichienderera ichinongedzera pakufamba kwakanangana nekufambisa kwakachena.
Varidzi uye manejimendi
Iyo K & L brand pakutanga yaive yega yega kambani. Iyo nguva iyo kambani yaive nevaridzi vaviri (Klement naLaurin) - 1895-1907. Muna 1907, kambani yakagamuchira chinzvimbo chemubatanidzwa stock stock.
Sekambani yejoin-stock, iyo mhando yaivepo kusvika 1925. Zvino pakanga paine mubatanidzwa neCzech yakabatana stock stock yemotokari indasitiri, yaive nezita rekuti Skoda. Kunetseka uku kunova muridzi izere webhizinesi diki.
Mukutanga kwema90 ezana ramakore XX, kambani yakatanga kufamba zvakanaka pasi pehutungamiriri hweVolkswagen Boka. Mumwe wacho zvishoma nezvishoma anova muridzi wechiratidzo. Skoda VAG inogamuchira kodzero izere kumatekinoroji uye zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira zveomaker muna 2000.
Models
Heino runyorwa rwemhando dzakasiyana dzakatenderedza kubva paiyo automaker yegungano mutsara.
1. Skoda pfungwa
- 1949 - 973 Zvinyorwa;
- 1958 - 1100 Rudzi 968;
- 1964 - F3;
- 1967-72 - 720;
- 1968 - 1100 GT;
- 1971 - 110 SS Ferat;
- 1987 - 783 Favorit Mukombe;
- 1998 - Felicia Goridhe Prague;
- 2002 - Mhoro;
- 2002 - Fabia Paris Shanduro;
- 2002 - Tudor;
- 2003 - Roomster;
- 2006 - Yeti II;
- 2006 - Joyster;
- 2007 - Fabia Super;
- 2011 - Chiratidzo D;
- 2011 - Mission L;
- 2013 - Chiratidzo C;
- 2017 - Chiratidzo E;
- 2018 - Chiratidzo X.
2. Nhoroondo
Kugadzirwa kwemotokari nekambani kunogona kugoverwa muzvikamu zvinoverengeka
- 1905-1911. Mhando dzekutanga dzeK & L dzinoonekwa;
- 1911-1923. K & L inoramba ichiburitsa akasiyana mamodheru anoenderana nemakiyi mota dzeayo dhizaini;
- 1923-1932 Mucherechedzo unouya pasi pekutonga kweSkoda JSC, mhando dzekutanga dzinoonekwa. Akanyanya kushamisa aive 422 uye 860;
- 1932-1943. Modifications 650, 633, 637. Iye akakurumbira womuenzaniso akanakidzwa kubudirira kukuru. Iyo mhando inotangisa kugadzirwa kweRapid, Favorit, Superb;
- 1943-1952 Superb (OHV modification), Tudor 1101 uye VOS bvisa pamutsetse wegungano;
- 1952-1964. Felicia, Octavia, 1200 uye 400 akateedzana nadzurudzo (40,45,50) anotangwa;
- 1964-1977. Iwo akateedzana e1200 anogadzirwa mumitumbi yakasiyana. Iyo Octavia inowana chiteshi chengoro yemuviri (Combi). Iyo 1000 MB modhi inowoneka;
- 1980-1990 Pakati peaya makore gumi, iyo mhando yakaburitsa maviri chete mamodheru emhando 10 R uye zana mushanduko dzakasiyana;
- 1990-2010 Mazhinji emota dzinomhanya dzinogamuchira zvinyorwa zve "yekutanga, yechipiri neyechitatu chizvarwa" zvichibva pane zviri kuitika zveVAG zvinonetsa. Pakati pavo pane Octavia, Felicia, Fabia, Superb. Yeti compact crossovers uye Roomster minivans vanoonekwa.
Mienzaniso yemazuva ano
Rondedzero yemamodheru emazuva ano inosanganisira:
- 2011 - Citigo;
- 2012 - Inokurumidza;
- 2014 - Fabian XNUMX;
- 2015 - Yakanakisa III;
- 2016 - Kodiaq;
- 2017 - Karoq;
- 2018 - Scala;
- 2019 - Octavia IV;
- 2019 - Kamiq.
Mukupedzisa, isu tinopa chidiki kutarisisa kwemitengo yekutanga kwe2020:
Mibvunzo nemhinduro:
Ndeipi nyika inogadzira mota dzeSkoda? Iwo mafekitori ane simba kwazvo ekambani ari muCzech Republic. Matavi ayo ari muRussia, Ukraine, India, Kazakhstan, Bosnia neHerzegovina, Poland.
Muridzi weSkoda ndiani? Vavambi Vaclav Laurin naVaclav Klement. Muna 1991 kambani iyi yakagadziriswa. Mushure maizvozvi, Skoda Auto zvishoma nezvishoma yakauya pasi pekutonga kweGermany kunetseka VAG.