Nhoroondo yePorsche mota brand

Idzo mota dzemugadziri wechiGerman dzinozivikanwa pasi rese nekuda kwemitambo yavo uye dhizaini dhizaini. Iyo kambani yakavambwa naFerdinand Porsche. Iye zvino dzimbahwe riri kuGerman, Stuttgart.

Zvinoenderana nedhata ra2010, mota dzeiyi automaker dzakatora chinzvimbo chepamusoro pakati pemotokari dzese pasirese maererano nekuvimbika. Mucherechedzo wemotokari uri kuita kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzemitambo dzepamusoro, dzakanaka sedans uye maSUV.

Iyo kambani iri kushingairira kusimukira mumunda wekumhanya mota. Izvi zvinobvumidza mainjiniya ayo kuvandudza masystem ekuvandudza, mazhinji acho anowana kushandiswa mune zvemhando dzevanhu. Kubva iyo yekutanga modhi, mota dzechiratidzo dzakasarudzika nemhando dzakanaka, uye sekunyaradzwa, vanoshandisa zviitiko zvemberi izvo zvinoita kuti kutakura kuve nyore kwekufamba uye kufamba kwakasimba.

Porsche nhoroondo

Asati atanga kugadzirwa kwemota dzake, F. Porsche akashanda pamwe nemugadziri Auto Union, iyo yakagadzira iyo Type 22 racing mota.

The motokari yakanga vakapakata 6-humburumbira injini. Mugadziri uyu akapindawo mukugadzirwa kweVW Kafer. Icho chiitiko chakaunganidzwa chakabatsira muvambi weiyo yakasarudzika mhando kuti atore pakarepo miganho yepamusoro muindasitiri yemotokari.

Heano matanho makuru akambopfuura nekambani:

• 1931 - hwaro hwebhizinesi, hunotarisana nekusimudzira nekusika kwemotokari. Pakutanga, yaive diki dhizaini studio yaibatana nemakambani emota ane mukurumbira panguva iyoyo. Pamberi pekutanga kwechiratidzo, Ferdinand akashanda kweanopfuura makore gumi neshanu kuDaimler (akabata zvigaro zvemukuru dhizaina uye nhengo yebhodhi).
• 1937 - Nyika yaida mota yemitambo inoshanda uye yakavimbika inogona kuratidzwa kuEuropean Marathon kubva kuBerlin kuenda kuRome. Chiitiko ichi chakarongerwa 1939. Basa raFerdinand Porsche Sr rakaunzwa kuNational Sports Committee, iyo yakatenderwa ipapo.
• 1939 - muenzaniso wekutanga unoonekwa, unozove hwaro hwemota zhinji dzinotevera.
• 1940-1945 kugadzirwa kwemotokari kwakagwamba nechando nekuda kwekuputika kweHondo Yenyika II. Iyo Porsche fekitori ichagadzirwazve kugadzira uye kugadzira maamphibian, zvishandiso zvemauto uye zvisiri-mumugwagwa mota kune vamiriri vemahofisi makuru.
• 1945 - mukuru wekambani anoenda kujeri kwemhosva dzehondo (kubatsira mukugadzirwa kwemidziyo yemauto, semuenzaniso, inorema tangi Mouse naTiger R). Mwanakomana waFerdinand Ferry Anton Ernst anotora chinzvimbo. Anosarudza kuburitsa mota dzeake dhizaini. Yekutanga base modhi yaive makumi matatu nematanhatu. Akagamuchira injini yepasi uye muviri wealuminium.
• 1948 - Ferry Porsche inogashira chitupa chekugadzirwa kweiyo 356. Iyo mota inogamuchira seti yakazara kubva kuKafer, iyo inosanganisira inodzidziswa nemhepo yakatonhodza 4-humburumbira injini, kumiswa uye kufambisa.
• 1950 - Iyo kambani inodzokera kuStuttgart. Kutanga gore rino, mota dzakamira kushandisa aluminium kune bodywork. Kunyangwe izvi zvaiita kuti mota dziremedze zvishoma, kuchengetedzeka mavari kwakakwira zvakanyanya.
• 1951 - muvambi wechiratidzo anofa nekuda kwekuti hutano hwake hwadzikira panguva yake mutirongo (akapedza makore angangoita maviri ariko). Kusvikira ekutanga makumi matanhatu, kambani yakakwenenzvera kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzine mhando dzakasiyana dzemuviri. Kubudirira kuri kuenderera mberi kugadzira injini dzine simba. Saka, muna 2, mota dzatove dzakaonekwa, dzakashongedzerwa neinjini dzemoto dzemukati, dzaive nehoriyamu ye60 litres, uye simba radzo rakasvika 1954 hp panguva ino, mhando nyowani yemitumbi inoonekwa, semuenzaniso, hardtop (verenga nezve maficha emitumbi yakadaro mune imwe wongororo) uye roadster (kune rumwe ruzivo nezve rudzi urwu rwemuviri, verenga pano). Injini dzinobva kuVolkswagen dzinobviswa zvishoma nezvishoma kubva mukumisikidzwa, uye yavo yakafanana yakaiswa. Pamusoro peiyo 356A modhi, yatove kukwanisa kuodha magetsi emagetsi ane 4 camshafts. Iyo yekupisa sisitimu inogamuchira mairi emoto mairi. Pamwe chete nekuvandudzwa kwemigwagwa yemotokari, mota dzemitambo dziri kugadzirwa, semuenzaniso, iyo 550 Spyder.
• 1963-76 Iyo mota-yemhuri kambani yemota iri kutowana mukurumbira wakanaka. Panguva iyoyo, iyo modhi yakanga yatogamuchira maviri akateedzana - A uye B. Pakutanga kwema60s, mainjiniya anga agadzira prototype yemota inotevera - 695. Nezvekuti ibudise mugero kana kwete, manejimendi echiratidzo haana kubvumirana. Vamwe vaitenda kuti mota inomhanya yakanga isati yapedza sosi yayo, vamwewo vaive nechokwadi chekuti yaive nguva yekuwedzera mhando yemhando. Chero zvazvingaitika, kutanga kwekugadzirwa kweimwe mota kunogara kuchingo sangana nenjodzi huru - vateereri vanogona kusazvigamuchira, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakosha kutsvaga mari yechirongwa chitsva.
• 1963 - kuFrankfurt Motor Show, pfungwa yePorsche 911 yakaunzwa kune vateveri vezvigadzirwa zvemotokari.Pamwe, ruzivo rwakave nezvimwe zvinhu kubva kune hwakatangira - dhizaini yekumashure, injini yebhokisi, kumashure-vhiri rekutyaira. Nekudaro, mota yaive nemitsetse yemitambo yekutanga. Imotokari pakutanga yaive neinjini ye2,0-litre inokwana mazana matatu emabhiza. Shure kwaizvozvo, mota inova iconic, pamwe nechiso chekambani.
• 1966 - unodakadza 911 modhi unowana kugadzirisa muviri - Targa (rudzi rwechinoshandurwa, nezvamunogona verenga zvakasiyana).
• Pakutanga kwema1970 - kunyanya "kubhadhariswa" kugadziriswa kunoonekwa - Carrera RS ine 2,7 litre injini uye yayo analogue - RSR.
• 1968 - Muzukuru wemuvambi wekambani anoshandisa 2/3 yebhajeti yegore rose kuburitsa mota dzemitambo makumi maviri neshanu dzeake dhizaini - iyo Porsche 25. Chikonzero cheichi mutungamiriri wehunyanzvi akafunga kuti mucherechedzo unofanirwa kutora chikamu mu917 Le Mans mota marathon. Izvi zvakakonzera kusatenderwa kwakasimba kubva kumhuri, nekuti semhedzisiro yekundikana kwechirongwa ichi, kambani yaizopunzika. Kunyangwe paine njodzi huru, Ferdinand Piëch anotora basa kusvika kumagumo, izvo zvinotungamira kambani mukukunda mumakwikwi akakurumbira.
• Muchikamu chechipiri chema60, mumwe muenzaniso wakateedzana. Mubatanidzwa wePorsche-Volkswagen wakashanda pachirongwa ichi. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti VW yaida mota yemitambo, uye Porshe aida modhi nyowani yaizove mutsivi weiyo 911, asi yayo isingadhuri vhezheni neinjini kubva ku356.
• 1969 - Kugadzirwa kwemubatanidzwa wekugadzira modhi Volkswagen-Porsche 914. Injini yaive mumotokari kumashure seri kwekutanga mutsara wezvigaro kune ekisero rekumashure. Mutumbi unenge watodiwa nevazhinji Targa, uye iyo simba unit yaive 4 kana 6 masilinda. Nekuda kwehurongwa husina kunaka hwekushambadzira, pamwe nechitarisiko chisina kujairika, iyo modhi haina kugamuchira mhinduro inotarisirwa.
• 1972 - kambani inoshandura chimiro chayo kubva kubhizinesi remhuri kuenda kuruzhinji. Iye zvino akawana chivakiso AG panzvimbo yeKG. Kunyangwe mhuri yePorsche yakarasikirwa nekutonga kuzere kweiyo firm, ruzhinji rweguta guru rakanga richiri mumaoko aFerdinand Jr. Dzimwe dzese dzakazove dzeVW. Iyo kambani yaive inotungamirwa nemushandi wedhipatimendi rekuvandudza injini - Ernst Fuhrmann. Chisarudzo chake chekutanga kwaive kutanga kwekugadzirwa kwemhando 928 ine 8-humburumbira kumberi injini. Imotokari yakatsiva yakakurumbira 911. Kusvikira iye asiya chinzvimbo cheManeja mukuru mumakore makumi masere, mutsetse wemota yakakurumbira hauna kukura.
• 1976 - pasi pehood yemotokari yePorsche pakanga paine magetsi emagetsi kubva kune mumwe - VW. Muenzaniso wemhando dzakadai ndeye 924th, 928th uye 912th. Iyo kambani inotarisa mukuvandudzwa kwemotokari idzi.
• 1981 - Fuerman anobviswa pachigaro che CEO, uye maneja Peter Schutz anogadzwa panzvimbo yake. Munguva yekutonga kwake, iyo 911 inowana zvakare yayo isina kutaurwa chinzvimbo sekiyi kiyi yemhando. Iyo inogamuchira dzinoverengeka dzekunze uye tekinoroji yekuvandudza, ayo anoratidzwa mune akateedzana mamaki. Saka, pane shanduko yeCarrera ine mota, iyo simba rinosvika 231 hp, Turbo neCarrera Clubsport.
• 1981-88 rally modhi 959 inogadzirwa.Yaive chaiyo hunyanzvi hweinjiniya: 6-humburumbira 2,8-litre injini ine ma turbocharger maviri akagadzira simba re450hp, mana-mavhiri, kusimudzira kunochinja pamwe neanekuvhundutsa mafayira pavhiri rimwe (kwaigona kuchinja kubvumidzwa kwepasi mota), Kevlar muviri. Mukukwikwidza kwe1986 Paris-Dakkar, mota yakaunza nzvimbo mbiri dzekutanga mumatanho akazara.
• 1989-98 makiyi ekugadziridzwa e911 akateedzana, pamwe nemotokari dzemitambo yepamberi, dzakamiswa. Mota dzichangoburwa dzinoonekwa - Boxter. Iyo kambani iri kuenda panguva yakaoma iyo inokanganisa zvakanyanya mamiriro ayo emari.
• 1993 - director wekambani anochinja zvakare. Iye zvino inova V. Videking. Munguva kubva pa81 kusvika 93, vatungamiriri vana vakatsiviwa. Dambudziko repasirese rema4s rakasiya mucherechedzo parinogadzira mota yemhando inozivikanwa yeGerman. Kusvikira 90, iyo mhando yave ichivandudza mamodheru azvino, kuwedzera mainjini, kugadzirisa kusimisa uye kugadzirisa patsva basa remuviri (asi pasina kubva pachitarisiko chekare chePorsche).
• 1996 - kugadzirwa kwe "kumeso" nyowani kwekambani - modhi 986 Boxter inotanga. Chigadzirwa chitsva chakashandisa boxer mota (boxer), uye muviri wakagadzirwa muchimiro chemugwagwa. Nemuenzaniso uyu, bhizinesi rekambani rakakwira zvishoma. Iyo mota yaive yakakurumbira kusvika 2003, apo 955 Cayenne yakapinda mumusika. Mumwe chirimwa haugone kurarama nemutoro, saka kambani iri kuvaka mamwe mafekitori akati wandei.
• 1998 - kugadzirwa kwe "mhepo" kugadziriswa kwe911 kwakavharwa, uye mwanakomana wemuvambi wekambani, Ferry Porsche, anofa.
• 1998 - iyo yakavandudzwa Carrera (yechina chizvarwa chinoshandurwa) inoonekwa, pamwe nemhando mbiri dzevanoda mota - iyo 4 Turbo neGT966 (yakachinja chidimbu RS)
• 2002 - kuGeneva Motor Show, iyo mhando inofumura iyo yekushandisa mitambo yemagetsi mota Cayenne. Munzira dzakawanda, yakafanana neiyo VW Touareg, nekuti kuvandudzwa kwemotokari iyi kwakaitwa pamwe chete nemhando "yakabatana" (kubvira 1993, chinzvimbo cheVolkswagen CEO chinogarwa nemuzukuru waFerdinand Porsche, F. Piëch).
• 2004 - iyo Carrera GT pfungwa supercar yakatangwa iyo yakaratidzwa kuGeneva Motor Show muna 2000. Novel akawana 10-humburumbira V-zvakaumbwa injini pamwe 5,7 litres uye kunonyanyisa simba 612 zvapano. muviri wemotokari wakagadzirwa zvishoma nezvechinhu chakasanganiswa, icho chaive chakavakirwa pacarbon fiber. Iyo powertrain yaive yakapetwa ne6-yekumhanyisa giya ine ceramic clutch. Iyo braking system yaive neka kabhoni ceramic pads. Kusvikira 2007, maererano nemhedzisiro yemujaho kuNurburgring, mota iyi ndiyo yaimhanyisa kwazvo pasirese pakati pemhando dzekugadzira nzira. Iyo track track yakaputswa nemamirioni makumi mashanu chete naPagani Zonda F.
• Kusvika parizvino, kambani iri kuenderera mberi nekufadza vateveri vemitambo mumotokari dzemhando yepamusoro nekuburitswa kwemhando nyowani dzine simba, senge Panamera. Mazana matatu emabhiza muna 300 uye iyo Cayenne Coupe makumi mana ane simba (2010). Imwe yeanogadzira zvakanyanya yaive iyo Cayenne Turbo Coupe. Simba rayo rinogadzira simba re40hp.
• 2019 - Iyo kambani yakabhadhariswa ma535 mamirioni euros nekuda kwekuti iyo mhando yakashandisa injini kubva kuAudi, iyo, zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvakatipoteredza, isina kusangana nematanho akataurwa.

Varidzi uye manejimendi

Iyo kambani yakavambwa nemugadziri weGerman F. Porsche Sr. muna 1931. Pakutanga yaive kambani yakavharwa yaive yemhuri. Nekuda kwekushandira pamwe neVolkswagen, mhando yakapa chinzvimbo chekambani yeruzhinji, mubatsiri mukuru wayo aive VW. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1972.

Munhoroondo yese yechiratidzo, mhuri yePorsche yaive nemugove weshumba weguta guru. Dzimwe dzese dzaive dzehanzvadzi yavo VW. Yakabatana mupfungwa yekuti CEO weVW kubvira 1993 muzukuru wemuvambi wePorsche, Ferdinand Piëch.

Muna 2009, Piëch akasaina chibvumirano chekubatanidza makambani emhuri kuita rimwe boka. Kubva 2012, iyo mhando yanga ichishanda sechikamu chakaparadzaniswa cheboka reVAG.

Nhoroondo yeiyo logo

Munhoroondo yese yeiyo yakasarudzika mhando, ese mamodheru akapfeka uye vachiri kupfeka imwe chete logo. Chiratidzo chinoratidzira 3-mavara nhovo, pakati payo pane silhouette yebhiza rinorera.

Iko kumashure (nhoo ine mhembwe uye mitsetse mitsvuku uye mitema) yakatorwa kubva kuhembe reFree People's State yeWürttemberg, yaivepo kusvika 1945. Bhiza rakatorwa kubva mumajasi eguta reStuttgart (raive guta guru reWürttemberg). Chinhu ichi chaiyeuchidza nezvekwakabva guta - pakutanga rakavambwa sepurazi hombe remabhiza (muna 950).

Iyo Porsche logo yakaonekwa muna 1952 apo iyo geography yeiyo brand yakasvika kuUnited States. Pamberi pekushambadzira kwemakambani kusati kwaunzwa, mota dzaingotakura logo yePorsche.

Kubatanidzwa mumadzinza

Kubva prototype yekutanga yemota yemitambo, kambani yanga ichitora chikamu mumakwikwi emota dzakasiyana. Heano mamwe mabudiro echiratidzo:

• Kukunda nhangemutange mumaawa makumi maviri nemana eLe Mans (Model 24, aluminium muviri);
• Vanosvika mumigwagwa yeMexico Carrera Panamericana (inoitwa kwemakore mana kubvira 4);
• Mujaho weItaly Mille Miglia wekutsungirira, uyo wakaitika mumigwagwa yeruzhinji (kubva 1927 kusvika 57);
• Targo Florio yeruzhinji nzira mujaho muSicily (yakaitwa pakati pa1906-77);
• Gumi nemaviri-awa wedunhu kutsungirira nhangemutange pane yaimbova Sebring airbase muFlorida, USA (inoitwa gore rega kubva 12);
• Mujaho uri munzira yeGerman Automobile Club muNurburgring, iyo yakaitwa kubvira 1927;
• Rally Mujaho muMonte Carlo;
• Rally Paris-Dakkar.

Pakazara, iyo mhando ine 28 zviuru zvekukunda mumakwikwi ese akanyorwa.

The lineup

Mutsara wekambani unosanganisira dzinotevera mota dzakakosha.

Prototypes

• 1947-48 - prototype # 1 yakavakirwa paVW Kafer. Iyo modhi yakatumidzwa zita kuti 356. Simba rechikwata raishandiswa mariri raive remhando yetsiva.
• 1988 - iye anotungamira kuPanamera, yaive yakavakirwa pane iyo 922 uye 993 chassis.

Serial mitambo mamodheru (ane boxer motors)

• 1948-56 - Yekutanga mota dzakateedzana - iyo Porsche 356;
• 1964-75 - 911, yaive nemumba nhamba, nhamba 901, asi nhamba iyi yaisakwanisa kushandiswa munhevedzano, nekuti Peugeot aive nekodzero dzakazara pakumaka uku;
• 1965-69; 1976 - muchinjikwa pakati pe911 (anotaridzika) uye 356 (powertrain) mhando, izvo zvakaita kuti mota iderere - 912;
• 1970-76 - mushure mokunge 912 yasiya musika, kuvandudzwa kutsva kweVolkswagen - 914 modhi
• 1971 - Porsche 916 - yakafanana 914, chete iine injini ine simba;
• 1975-89 - 911 akateedzana, chizvarwa chechipiri;
• 1987-88 - nadzurudzo 959 inogamuchira iyo "Vateereri Mubairo" uye inozivikanwa seye yakanakisa uye nehunyanzvi mota yepamusoro yema80s;
• 1988-93 - Model 964 - wechitatu chizvarwa 911;
• 1993-98 - nadzurudzo 993 (chizvarwa chechina chemhando huru yechiratidzo);
• 1996-04 - chigadzirwa chitsva chinowanikwa - Boxter. Kubva 2004 kusvika nanhasi, chizvarwa chechipiri chakaburitswa;
• 1997-05 - kugadzirwa kwechizvarwa chechishanu che911 akateedzana (nadzurudzo 996);
• 2004-11 - Kuburitswa kwechizvarwa chechitanhatu 6 (modhi 911)
• 2005-iripo - kugadzirwa kwechimwe chinhu chitsva Cayman, icho chine hwaro hwakafanana neBoxter, uye ine coupe muviri;
• 2011-iripo - Chizvarwa chechinomwe che7 dzakateedzana chakaunzwa kuFrankfurt Motor Show, iyo ichiri kuburitswa nanhasi.

Mitambo yemitambo uye anomhanya mota (boxer motors)

• 1953-56 - modhi 550. Imotokari ine muviri wakagadziriswa isina denga kwezvigaro zviviri;
• 1957-61 - Mid-engined racing mota ine 1,5 litre unit;
• 1961 - Fomula 2 yekumhanyisa mota, asi yakashandiswa mumakwikwi eF-1 gore iro. Iyo modhi yakagamuchira iyo nhamba 787;
• 1961-62 - 804, iyo yakaunza kukunda mumakwikwi eF1;
• 1963-65 - 904. Yekumhanyisa mota yakagamuchira muviri wakareruka (chete 82 kg.) Uye furemu (54 kg.);
• 1966-67 - 906 - yakagadzirwa naF.Piech, muzukuru weiye akatanga kambani;
• 1967-71 - nadzurudzo nyowani dzinogadzirwa kuti dzitore chikamu mumakwikwi pamakwara akavharwa uye emakwara emhete - 907-910;
• 1969-73 Iwo 917 anokunda maviri kuhwina kwekambani mumakwikwi eLe Mans ekutsungirira;
• 1976-77 - Yakagadziridzwa 934 mujaho modhi;
• 1976-81 - kugadzirwa kweimwe yeakanakisa shanduko yemakore iwayo - 935. Iyo yemitambo mota yakaunza zvinopfuura 150 kukunda mumarudzi ese emarudzi;
• 1976-81 - Imwe mhando yepamusoro yemhando yapfuura yakamisikidzwa 936;
• 1982-84 - Yakagadzirwa mota yekumhanyisa yeWorld Championship inoitirwa neFIA;
• 1985-86 - Model 961 yakagadzirirwa kutsungirira mujaho
• 1996-98 - Kutanga kwechizvarwa chinotevera che 993 GT1, iyo inogamuchira iyo 996 GT1 kudomwa.

Akateedzana mota dzemitambo dzakashongedzerwa nein-line injini

• 1976-88 - 924 - kutonhora kwemvura system kwakatanga kushandiswa pane iyi modhi;
• 1979-82 - 924 Turbo;
• 1981 - 924 Carrera GT, yakashandisirwa kushandiswa mumigwagwa yeruzhinji;
• 1981-91 - 944, ichitsiva modhi 924;
• 1985-91 - 944 Turbo, iyo yakagamuchira turbocharged injini;
• 1992-95 - 968. Model inovhara mutsetse wekambani wemotokari dzakatangira kumberi.

Akateedzana mota dzemitambo dzakashongedzerwa neinjini dzakaumbwa neV

• 1977-95 - 928 mugore rechipiri rekugadzira, iyo modhi yakaonekwa semotokari yakanakisa pakati pemamodeli eEuropean;
• 2003-06 - Carrera GT, iyo yakaisa rekodhi yenyika kuNurburgring, iyo yakagara kusvika 2007;
• 2009-iripo - Panamera - modhi ine pamberi-engines 4-seater kumisikidzwa (ine mutyairi). Yakashongedzerwa neshure kana ese-mavhiri ekutyaira;
• 2013-15 - Model 918 inoburitswa - supercar ine chemagetsi chemagetsi. Imotokari yakaratidza kukwidziridzwa kwepamusoro - kukunda makiromita zana, mota yaida marita matatu chete uye magiramu 100 epeturu.

Crossovers uye maSUV

• 1954-58 - 597 Jagdwagen - yekutanga-yakazara-furemu SUV
• 2002-iripo - kugadzirwa kweCayenne crossover, iyo yaive ne8-humburumbira V-yakaita injini. Muna 2010, iyo modhi yakagamuchira chizvarwa chechipiri;
• 2013-iripo - Crossover Macan compactcross kirasi.

Pakupera kwekudzokorora, tinopa vhidhiyo ipfupi nezve shanduko yemota dzeGerman automaker:

WCE - Porsche Evolution (1939-2018)

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ndeipi nyika inogadzira Porsche? Iyo mahofisi makuru ekambani iri muGermany (Stuttgart), uye motokari dzakaungana muLeipzig, Osnabrück, Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen. Kune fekitari muSlovakia.

Ndiani mugadziri wePorsche? Iyo kambani yakavambwa nemugadziri Ferdinand Porsche muna 1931. Nhasi, hafu yezvikamu zvekambani ndeyeVolkswagen AG.