Nhoroondo yeFord mota mota
Imwe yemakambani emota anozivikanwa ndeye Ford Motors. Dzimbahwe rekambani iri padhuze neDetroit, iro guta remota - Dearborn. Pane dzimwe nguva dzenhoroondo, kunetsekana kukuru uku kwaiva nemavara akadai seMercury, Lincoln, Jaguar, Aston Martin, nezvimwewo. Iyo kambani iri kuita kugadzirwa kwemotokari, marori uye mota dzekurima.
Dzidza nyaya yekuti kudonha kubva pabhiza kwakamutsa sei dzidzo uye kukura kukuru kwe titanium muindasitiri yemotokari.
Ford nyaya
Achishanda papurazi rababa vake, mutorwa weIreland anodonha pabhiza rake. Pazuva iro muna 1872, pfungwa yakapenya mumusoro waHenry Ford: sei achida kuva nemotokari ingave yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika kupfuura analogu inodhonzwa nebhiza.
Uyu anofarira, pamwe neshamwari dzake gumi neimwe, vachiunganidza mari yakawanda nezviyero izvi - zviuru makumi maviri nezviviri zvemadhora (zhinji yemari iyi yakapihwa nevatengesi vashanu vaitenda mukubudirira kweiri zano). Nemari iyi, vakawana bhizimusi diki. Ichi chiitiko chakaitika musi wa 11/28/5.
Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti Ford ndiyo yekutanga auto kambani pasi rose kutevedzera musimboti wegungano mutsara wemotokari. Nekudaro, isati yatanga muna 1913, michini michina yakaunganidzwa chete neruoko. Muenzaniso wekutanga wekushanda waive mutyairi ane injini yepeturu. Injini yekupisa yemukati yaive nemasimba emabhiza masere, uye vashandi vakanzi Model-A.
Makore mashanu chete mushure mekuvambwa kwekambani, nyika yakagamuchira inodhura mota modhi - Model-T. Mota yakagamuchira zita remadunhurirwa rekuti "Tin Lizzie". Iyo mota yakaburitswa kusvika gore regumi nesere ramakore apfuura.
Mukupera kwema20, kambani yakapinda muchibvumirano chekudyidzana neSoviet Union. Chirimwa cheAmerica chinogadzira mota chiri kuvakwa muNizhny Novgorod. Pahwaro hwekuvandudzwa kwekambani yemubereki, iyo GAZ-A mota, pamwe neiyo yakafanana modhi ine index yeAA, zvakagadzirwa.
Mumakore gumi anotevera, iyo mhando, iri kuwana mukurumbira, inovaka mafekitori kuGerman, uye inoshanda pamwe neChitatu Reich, ichigadzira mota dzese dzine mavhiri uye dzakateedzerwa dzemauto enyika. Kune iro mauto eAmerica, izvi zvakakonzera kuvengana. Zvisinei, nekutanga kweHondo Yenyika II, Ford inosarudza kupedza kubatana neNazi Germany, uye inotanga kugadzirwa kwemauto eUnited States.
Heino nhoroondo ipfupi yekubatanidzwa uye kuwanikwa kwemamwe mabhureki:
- 1922, pasi pehutungamiriri hwekambani, iyo Lincoln premium mota chikamu chinotanga;
- 1939 - Iyo Mercury brand yakavambwa, iine yepakati-kukosha mota dzinodzikira kubva pagungano mutsara. Kupatsanurana kwakaenderera kusvika 2010;
- 1986 - Ford inowana iyo Aston Martin brand. Chikamu chakatengeswa muna 2007;
- 1990 - kutenga kweJaguar brand kunoitwa, uko muna2008 kunoendeswa kune mugadziri weIndia Tata Motors;
- 1999 - iyo Volvo brand inotengwa, iyo yekutengesa iyo inozozivikanwa muna 2010. Muridzi mutsva wedhipatimendi chiChinese brand Zhenjiang Geely;
- 2000 - Land Rover brand inotengwa, iyo yakatengeswawo makore masere gare gare kukambani yeIndia Tata.
Varidzi uye manejimendi
Iyo kambani inotarisirwa zvachose nemhuri yemuvambi weiyo brand. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvakanyanya kunetsa zvinodzorwa neimwe mhuri. Uye zvakare, Ford inorondedzerwa sekambani yeruzhinji. Kufambisa kwezvikamu zvaro kunodzorwa nesitoko exchange muNew York.
Logo
Idzo mota dzemugadziri weAmerica dzinozivikanwa neyakareruka chitaridzi pane redhiyeta grille. Mune oval yebhuruu, zita rekambani rakanyorwa nemavara machena mufonti yekutanga. Icho chiratidzo chechiratidzo chinoratidza mutero kutsika uye runako runogona kuteverwa mune mazhinji emakambani mamodheru.
Chiratidzo chakapfuura nemakwidziridzo akati wandei.
- Dhirowa yekutanga yakagadzirirwa neWana Harold Wills muna 1903. Raive zita rekambani, rakaurayiwa muchitaina siginecha. Pakati pemucheto, chiratidzo chaive chakamonerwa, mukati umo, pamusoro pezita remugadziri, nzvimbo yemuzinda wakaratidzwa.
- 1909 - Iyo logo inochinja zvachose. Panzvimbo peye mavara mavara pane enhema ma radiator, zita remusunguri rakatanga kuwanikwa, rakagadzirwa mune yekutanga capital font;
- 1912 - chiratidzo chinogamuchira zvimwe zvinhu - yebhuruu kumashure muchimiro chegondo rine mapapiro akapararira. Pakati, zita rechiratidzo rinoitwa nemavara makuru, uye sirogani yekushambadzira yakanyorwa pasi payo - "Universal mota";
- 1912 - iyo logo yechiratidzo inowana yakajairika chimiro chevholiyumu Ford yakanyorwa nemavara matema pane chena kumashure;
- 1927 Bhuruu rebhuruu kumashure nechena kutenderera kunoonekwa. Zita rechiratidzo chemotokari rakagadzirwa nemavara machena;
- 1957 - Oval iya inoshanduka kuita yakaenzana yakatenderedzwa mumativi. Mumvuri weiyo kumashure unoshanduka. Izvo zvakanyorwa pachazvo zvinoramba zvisina kuchinja;
- 1976 - Chimiro chakapfuura chakaumbwa sedenderedzwa rakatambanudzwa riine sirivha kutenderera. Iyo yekumashure pachayo inogadzirwa muchitaira chinopa izvo zvakanyorwa vhoriyamu;
- 2003 - iyo sirivheri furemu inonyangarika, iyo yekumashure mumvuri yakanyanya kunyarara. Chikamu chepamusoro chakareruka pane chezasi. Kuchinja kwakatsetseka kwemavara kunoitwa pakati pavo, nekuda kwekuti kunyorwa kuchizobuda kuve kwakakura.
Mabasa
Iyo kambani inopa akasiyana siyana masevhisi mune mota indasitiri. Mabhizimusi eiyo brand anogadzira mota dzevanofamba, pamwe nemarori emabhazi. Iko kunetsekana kunogona kuve nemamiriro akapatsanurwa muzvikamu zvitatu zvematongerwo:
- North America;
- Asia-Pacific;
- European.
Aya mapoka akaparadzaniswa nenzvimbo. Kusvikira 2006, yega yega yaigadzira michina yemumwe musika wavaive nebasa ravo. Kuchinja kwenyaya iyi yaive sarudzo yemukuru wekambani, Roger Mulally (shanduko iyi yeinjiniya uye muzvinabhizimusi yakachengetedza zita kubva pakupunzika) kuita Ford "Mumwe". Musimboti wepfungwa iyi waive wekuti kambani ibudise mamodheru epasi rese emhando dzakasiyana dzemisika. Pfungwa iyi yakaverengerwa muchizvarwa chechitatu Ford Focus.
Models
Heino nyaya yechiratidzo mumamodeli:
- 1903 - kugadzirwa kwekutanga mota modhi, iyo yakagamuchira A.
- 1906 - Model K inoonekwa, mune iyo yekutanga-6-humburumbira mota yakatanga kuiswa. Simba rayo raive makumi mana emabhiza. Nekuda kweiyo isina kunaka kuvaka mhando, iyo modhi haina kugara kwenguva yakareba pamusika. Imwe nyaya yakafanana yaive neModel B. Ose sarudzo dzaive dzakanangana nevapfumi vemotokari. Kukundikana kweshanduro kwaive kukurudzira kwekugadzirwa kwemamwe bhajeti mota.
- 1908 - iconic Model T inoonekwa, iyo yakaratidza kuve inozivikanwa kwazvo kwete chete yehunhu hwayo, asiwo nemutengo wayo unokwezva. Pakutanga, yakatengeswa pamadhora mazana masere nemakumi mashanu. (pakuenzanisa, Model K yakapihwa pamutengo wemadhora mazana maviri nemazana masere), chinguva chidiki, kwakashandiswa zvinhu zvakachipa, zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kudzikisa mutengo wekufambisa neinenge hafu ($ 850). Iyo mota yaive neinjini 2,9-litre. Yakanga yakabatanidzwa nemabhokisi maviri-anomhanyisa epasi. Yaive yekutanga mota kuti itenderedzwe miriyoni. Mhando dzakasiyana dzekutakura dzakagadzirwa pane chassis yemuenzaniso iyi, kubva kune vaviri-zvigaro zvevashandi vepamusoro kusvika kuamburenzi.
- 1922 - Kuwanikwa kweiyo yakasarudzika auto chikamu, Lincoln, kune vakapfuma.
- 1922-1950 kambani inoita sarudzo dzinoverengeka kuwedzera geography yekugadzira, ichipedzisa zvibvumirano nenyika dzakasiyana umo makambani emakambani akavakwa.
- 1932 - Iyo kambani inova yekutanga inogadzira pasi kuburitsa monolithic V-mabhuroko ane 8 masilinda.
- 1938 - Kupatsanurwa kweMercury kunogadzirirwa kupa musika nepakati-renji mota (pakati peyakajairika yakachipa Ford uye inoratidzika Lincoln).
- Kutanga kwema50s yaive nguva yekutsvaga kwekutanga uye echimurenga mazano. Nekudaro, muna 1955, iyo Thunderbird inoonekwa kumashure kwehardtop (chii chiri peculiarity yerudzi urwu rwemuviri, verenga pano). Iyo iconic mota yakagamuchira seanosvika gumi nembiri zvizvarwa. Pasi hood motokari yakanga V-zvakaumbwa 11-f liter simba chikwata kuti anovandudza inokwana 4,8 horsepower. Pasinei nokuti motokari yakanga yakagadzirirwa vatyairi vakapfuma, muenzaniso wacho wakakurumbira zvikuru.
- 1959 - Imwe mota inozivikanwa, iyo Galaxie, inoonekwa. Iyo modhi yakagamuchira mhando nhanhatu dzomuviri, kiyi yemwana, uye yakagadziriswa mbiru.
- 1960 - Kugadzirwa kwemhando yeFalcon kunotanga, papuratifomu iyo Maverick, Granada uye chizvarwa chekutanga Mustang chakazovakwa. Iyo mota mukugadziriswa kwekutanga yakagamuchira injini ye2,4-litre ine 90 horsepower. Yaive inline 6-cylinder simba unit.
- 1964 - Iyo Ford Mustang inozivikanwa inoonekwa. Icho chaive chibereko chekutsvaga kwekambani kune stellar modhi yaizodhura mari yakawanda, asi panguva imwecheteyo ndiyo yainyanya kudikanwa kune vanoda mota dzakanaka uye dzine simba. Pfungwa yemuenzaniso yakapihwa gore rapfuura, asi izvi zvisati zvaitika, kambani yakanga yagadzira zvimisikidzo zvakawanda zvemota iyi, kunyange hazvo zvisina kuvaunza kuhupenyu. Pasi pehodhi yechinhu chitsva yaive yakafanana mutsetse-nhanhatu seFalcon, kungofambisa chete kwakawedzera zvishoma (kusvika 2,8 litita). Imotokari yakagamuchira simba rakanakisa uye kudhura kwakachipa, uye kukosha kwayo kwakanyanya kunyaradzwa, kwakange kusati kwapihwa mota.
- 1966 - Kambani inozopedzisira yabudirira kukwikwidza neiyo Ferrari brand mumugwagwa weLe Mans. Yakasimba kwazvo uye yakavimbika mota yemitambo yeAmerican brand GT-40 inounza mukurumbira. Mushure mekukunda, iyo mhando inopa iyo nzira vhezheni yengano - iyo GT-40 MKIII. Pasi pehodhi paizivikanwa 4,7-litre V-sere. Yepamusoro simba yaive 310 hp. Kunyangwe iyo mota yakaratidza kuve yakaoma, haina kuvandudzwa kusvika 2003. Chizvarwa chitsva chakagamuchira injini hombe (5,4 litita), iyo yakasimudzira mota kusvika "mazana" mumasekondi 3,2, uye iyo yekumhanyisa yekumhanyisa muganho yaive 346 km / h.
- 1968 - Mutambo Escort Twin Cam inoonekwa. Iyo mota yakatora nzvimbo yekutanga munhangemutange yakaitika muIreland, pamwe nemakwikwi akati wandei munyika dzakasiyana kusvika 1970. Basa rezvemitambo rechiratidzo rakabvumidza iyo kukwezva vatengi vatsva vaifarira kumhanya kwemotokari uye vachikoshesa mota dzemhando yepamusoro nehunyanzvi hwemagetsi.
- 1970 - Iyo Taunus (European kuruboshwe-ruoko dhiraivha vhezheni) kana Cortina ("Chirungu" kurudyi-ruoko dhiraivha vhezheni) inoonekwa.
- 1976 - Kugadzirwa kweEconoline E-Series inotanga, nekutapurirana, injini uye chassis kubva kuF-Series mapikicha uye maSUV.
- 1976 - Chizvarwa chekutanga cheFiesta chinoonekwa.
- 1980 - Kugadzirwa kwenhoroondo yeBronco kunotanga. Yaive mota yekutakura ine kapfupi asi yakakwira chassis. Nekuda kwenzvimbo yayo yepamusoro yekubvisa, iyo modhi yaive yakakurumbira kwenguva yakareba nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuyambuka-nyika, kunyangwe payakabuda mhando dzakanaka dzemhando dzakanaka dzeSUV.
- 1982 - Kuvhurwa kweshure-vhiri rekutyaira Sierra.
- 1985 - nyonganiso chaiyo inotonga mumusika wemotokari: nekuda kwedambudziko repasirese remafuta, mota dzakakurumbira dzakarasikirwa zvakanyanya nenzvimbo dzadzo, uye mota diki dzeJapan dzauya munzvimbo dzadzo. Vakwikwidzi 'mamodheru vaive nemafuta mashoma ekushandisa, uye maererano nekuita kwavo vaive vasina kushomeka kune vane simba uye vanokara mota dzeAmerica. Vatungamiri vekambani vanosarudza kuburitsa imwe modhi inozivikanwa. Ehe, haina kutsiva Mustang, asi yakagamuchirwa zvakanaka pakati pevatyairi. Yaiva iyo Taurus. Zvisinei nemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ehupfumi, chigadzirwa chitsva chakazove chigadzirwa chakatengwa kwazvo munhoroondo yese yekuvapo kwechiratidzo.
- 1990 - Mumwe mutengesi weAmerica, Explorer, anoonekwa. Gore rino uye rinotevera, iyo modhi inogamuchira mubairo muchikamu chemhando yepamusoro-mavhiri eSUV. 4-litre peturu injini ine 155 hp yakaiswa pasi pehodhi yemotokari. Iyo yakashanda tandem ine 4-chinzvimbo otomatiki kutapurirana kana 5-inomhanya michina analogue.
- 1993 - kuburitswa kwemhando yeMondeo kwakaziviswa, umo matsva ekuchengetedza macustomer nemutakurwi akaiswa.
- 1994 - Kugadzirwa kweWindstar minibus kunotanga.
- 1995 - kuGeneva Motor Show, iyo Galaxy (chikamu cheEUROPE) yakaratidzwa, iyo muna 2000 yakagadziriswa zvakanyanya.
- 1996 - Expedition inotangwa kutsiva mudiwa Bronco.
- 1998 - Iyo Geneva Motor Show inosvitsa iyo Focus, iyo inotsiva Escort subcompact.
- 2000 - Iyo prototype Ford Escape inoratidzwa kuDetroit Motor Show. KuEurope, SUV yakafanana yakagadzirwa - Maverick.
- 2002 - iyo C-Max modhi inoonekwa, iyo yakagamuchira mazhinji masisitimu kubva kuFocus, asi iine muviri unoshanda.
- 2002 - vatyairi vakapiwa iyo Fusion guta mota.
- 2003 - mota yepamusoro-soro ine chitarisiko chine mwero - Tourneo Connect inoonekwa.
- 2006 - Iyo S-Max inogadzirwa pane chassis yeGirazi nyowani.
- 2008 - Iyo kambani inovhura crossover niche nekuburitswa kweKuga.
- 2012 - inyanzvi yekuvandudza yeinjini-inoshanda injini inoonekwa. Kubudirira kwakatumidzwa zita reEcoboost. Iyo mota yakapihwa iyo International Motor mubairo kakawanda.
Kwemakore anotevera, kambani yanga ichigadzira ine simba, mari, premium uye dzakangonaka mota dzakanaka dzemhando dzakasiyana dzevatyairi. Uye zvakare, kambani iri kusimukira mukugadzirwa kwemotokari dzekutengesa.
Heano mamwe emhando dzinonakidza dzeiyo mhando:
Uye heino pfupiso yekutarisa kweasina kujairika Ford modhi:
Imwe tsumo
Anonymous
nguva dzose ndaityaira pa ford pasina dambudziko