Nhoroondo yemotokari brand Citroen

Citroen inozivikanwa inozivikanwa yeFrance, ine dzimbahwe mune yetsika guta guru renyika, Paris. Iyo kambani iri chikamu chePeugeot-Citroen auto kunetsekana. Kwete kare kare, kambani yakatanga kushandira pamwe nekambani yeChinese Dongfeng, nekuda kwekuti mota dzechiratidzo dzinogamuchira michina yepamusorosoro.

Nekudaro, zvese zvakatanga zvine mwero kwazvo. Heino nyaya yechiratidzo chinozivikanwa kutenderera pasirese, iyo ine akati wandei zvinosuwisa mamiriro anotungamira manejimendi kumira.

Muvambi

Muna 1878, Andre akaberekerwa mumhuri yeCitroen, iyo ine midzi yeUkraine. Mushure mekugamuchira tekinoroji, wechidiki nyanzvi anowana basa kune rimwe bhizinesi diki iro rakagadzira zvikamu zvekusiya zvemota dzemoto. Tenzi zvishoma nezvishoma akavandudza. Ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa uye kugona kugona kwekutarisira kwakamubatsira kuwana chinzvimbo chemukuru wedhipatimendi rehunyanzvi panzvimbo yeMors.

Munguva yeHondo Yenyika I, chirimwa chakabatanidzwa mukusikwa kwemahombekombe euto reFrance. Pakapera ruvengo, musoro wemuti waifanirwa kusarudza paprofile, nekuti zvombo zvacho zvaive zvisisabatsiri zvakadaro. Andre haana kufunga zvakanyanya kutora nzira yeamakeraker. Nekudaro, ainyatsoziva kuti iyi niche inogona kubatsira zvikuru.

Uyezve, iyo nyanzvi yaive yatove neruzivo rwakaringana mumakanika. Izvi zvakamukurudzira kutora mukana uye kupa kosi nyowani mukugadzira. Iyo mhando yakanyoreswa mu1919, uye ndokugamuchira zita remuvambi sezita. Pakutanga, akafunga nezvekugadzira yemhando yepamusoro mota modhi, asi kuita kwakamumisa. André ainyatsonzwisisa kuti zvakakosha kwete kungogadzira mota, asi kupa mutengi chimwe chinhu chinodhura. Chimwe chinhu chakafanana chakaitwa neyepanguva yake, Henry Ford.

Chiratidzo

Dhizaini yeiyo mbiri chevron yakasarudzwa sehwaro hwechiratidzo. Iyo yakakosha giya ine mazino akafanana neV. Patent yekugadzirwa kwechikamu chakadai yakamisikidzwa nemuvambi wekambani kumashure muna 1905.

Chigadzirwa chaidiwa zvakanyanya, kunyanya mumotokari hombe. Kazhinji kazhinji, odha dzaibva kumakambani anovaka ngarava. Semuenzaniso, iyo yakakurumbira Titanic yaive nema chevron magiya mune mamwe maitiro.

Pakatangwa kambani yemotokari, muvambi wayo akafunga kushandisa dhizaini yake yezvisikwa - chevron mbiri. Munhoroondo yese yekambani, logo yakachinja kapfumbamwe, zvisinei, sezvaungaona mumufananidzo, chinhu chikuru chakaramba chakangofanana.

Rudzi rwakatsaurwa rwemotokari dzinogadzirwa nekambani, DS inoshandisa logo ine zvimwe zvakafanana nechiratidzo chikuru. Motokari dzinoshandisawo chevron yakapetwa kaviri, chete micheto yayo inoumba tsamba S, uye padivi payo tsamba D.

Nhoroondo yemotokari mumamodeli

Nhoroondo yekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji dzinoshandiswa nekambani inogona kuteverwa kune mamodheru anouya achibva kune vanofambisa eiyo mhando. Heino kukurumidza kushanya kwenhoroondo.

• 1919 - André Citroen anotangisa kugadzirwa kwemhando yake yekutanga, iyo Type A. 18-bhiza remukati injini yemoto yaive neyakagadziriswa mvura kutonhora. Vhoriyamu yayo yaive 1327 cubic masentimita. Iyo yekumhanyisa kumhanya yaive 65 makiromita paawa. Iko kusarudzika kwemotokari kwaive kuti yaishandisa kuvheneka uye kutanga magetsi. Uyezve, iyo modhi yakazove yakachipa kwazvo, nekuda kwekuti kutenderera kwayo kwaive nezvezvikamu zana pazuva.
• 1919 - Kutaurirana kuri kuenderera neGM kuti iyo nyowani inogadzirwa ive chikamu chayo. Chibvumirano chakange chave kuda kusainwa, asi panguva yekupedzisira iyo inonzi mubereki kambani yakatsigira chibvumirano. Izvi zvakabvumidza iyo firm kuti irambe yakazvimirira kusvika 1934.
• 1919-1928 Citroen inoshandisa yepasirose yekushambadzira yepasirese, iyo yakapinda muGuinness Book of Records - iyo Eiffel Tower. Ku "kusimudzira" mhando, muvambi wekambani anotsigira nzendo refu kuenda kunyika dzeAfrica, North America neAsia. Muzviitiko zvese, akapa mota dzake, nokudaro zvichiratidza kuvimbika kwedzimotokari dzakachipa idzi.
• 1924 - Chiratidzo chinoratidza chisikwa chayo chinotevera, iyo B10. Yaive yekutanga mota yeEuropean ine muviri wesimbi. PaParis Auto Show, mota yakabva yangofarirwa kwete nevatyairi chete, asiwo nevatsoropodzi. Zvisinei, mukurumbira womuenzaniso wakakurumidza kupfuura, sezvo vakwikwidzi vaiwanzounza mota dzinenge dzisingachinje, asi mune mumwe muviri, uye Citroen yakanonoka kuita izvi. Nekuda kweizvi, chinhu chega chaifarirwa nevatengi panguva iyoyo yaive mutengo wemotokari dzeFrance.
• 1933 - mhando mbiri dzinoonekwa kamwechete. Uku ndiko Kudhonza Kunobatsira, iyo yaishandisa simbi monocoque muviri, yakazvimirira kumberi kuturika uye pamberi-vhiri dhiraivha. Muenzaniso wechipiri ndiRossalie, pasi pehood yaive nedhiziri injini.
• 1934 - nekuda kwekudyara kwakakura mukuvandudzwa kwemamodheru matsva, kambani inoparara uye inoenda mukugara kweumwe wevakakwereta - Michelin. Kwapera gore, muvambi weCitroen brand anofa. Izvi zvinoteverwa nenguva yakaoma, panguva iyo nekuda kwehukama hwakaoma pakati pevakuru veFrance neGerman, kambani inomanikidzwa kuita kusimudzira pakavanzika.
• 1948 - kuParis Motor Show, diki-inokwanisa modhi ine simba diki (chete gumi nemaviri mabhiza) 12CV inoonekwa, inova mutengesi chaiye, uye inosunungurwa kusvika muna1990. Iyo mota diki yaive isiri chete ine hupfumi, asi zvinoshamisa kuvimbika. Uye zvakare, mutyairi ane avhareji yemari aigona kubhadhara mota yakadaro. Nepo vagadziri vepasirese vari kuyedza kuhwina vateereri nemota dzemitambo dzakajairwa, Citroen inounganidza vanoshanda vatyairi vakatenderedza.
• 1955 - kutanga kwekugadzirwa kwechiratidzo chakakurumbira, chakaonekwa pasi pehutungamiriri hweiyi kambani. Wemhando yekutanga yechikamu chitsva chakagadzirwa iDS. Zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi zvemamodeli aya zvakaratidza nhamba 19, 23, nezvimwewo, izvo zvairatidza huwandu hwesimba remagetsi rakaiswa mumotokari. Chimwe chinhu chemotokari ndiko kuratidzika kwadzo uye yepakutanga pasi pasi clearance (chii ichi, verenga pano). Iyo modhi yakatanga kugamuchira disc mabhureki, hydraulic mhepo kuturika, iyo yaigona kugadzirisa pasi clearance. Mainjiniya eMercedes-Benz vanonetsekana vakafarira zano iri, asi kubiridzira kwaisakwanisa kubvumidzwa, saka kukura kwekumiswa kwakasiyana kunoshandura kukwirira kwemotokari kwakaitwa kweanoda kusvika makore gumi nemashanu. Muna 15th, mota yakagashira kumwe kusimudzira kusimudzira - lenzi dzenzvimbo dzepamberi optics. Kubudirira kweiyo modhi kuri zvakare nekuda kwekushandisa kwetanho yemhepo, iyo yaibvumidza kugadzirwa kwechimiro chemuviri chine hunhu hwakanaka hweaerodynamic.
• 1968 - Mushure mekudyara kwakati kuti kwakabudirira, kambani inowana inozivikanwa Maseterati mota yemitambo. Izvi zvinobvumira mota ine simba kuti ikwezve vatengi vanoshanda.
• 1970 - Iyo SM modhi inogadzirwa pahwaro hweimwe yemitambo yemitambo yakawanikwa. Yakashandisa 2,7-litre magetsi unit ine 170 horsepower. Iyo yekufambisa mashini, mushure mekutendeuka, yakazvimiririra yakamisa mavhiri ekumisidzana kuenda kunzvimbo yakatwasuka. Uyewo, motokari akagamuchira kare inozivikanwa hydropneumatic kuturika.
• 1970 - Kugadzirwa kwemodhidhi iyo yakavhara mukaha mukuru pakati peguta subcompact 2CV uye inoshamisa uye inodhura DS. Iyi mota yeGG yakaendesa kambani kunzvimbo yechipiri mushure mePeugeot pakati pevagadziri vemotokari veFrance.
• 1975-1976 mhando inoenda mukudonha zvakare, kunyangwe kutengeswa kwemabhizimusi akati wandei, kusanganisira iyo Berliet mota chikamu uye Maserati mitambo mamodheru.
• 1976 - Boka rePSA Peugeot-Citroen rinoumbwa, iro rinogadzira mota dzinoverengeka dzakasimba. Pakati pavo pane Peugeot 104 modhi, GS, Diane, homologation vhezheni 2CV, SH. Nekudaro, ivo vadyidzani havafarire kuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwechikamu cheCitroen, saka ivo vanotsvaga kudzokorora.
• Ma1980 manejimendi echikamu ari kuenda kuburikidza neimwe nguva inosuruvarisa apo mota dzese dzinovakirwa pamapuratifomu ePeugeot. Pakutanga kwema90s, Citroën yaive isinga siyane kubva kune mamwe emamodeli.
• 1990 - iyo mhando inowedzera pasi payo yekutengesa, ichikwevera vatengi kubva kuUnited States, nyika dzapashure peSoviet, Eastern Europe neChina.
• 1992 - kuratidzwa kweiyo Xantia modhi, iyo yakachinja kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirwa kwemota dzese dzekambani.
• 1994 - Yekutanga Kunzvenga minivan debuts.
• 1996 - vatyairi vanogashira inoshanda Berlingo yemhuri kombi.
• 1997 - Xsara modhi yemhuri inoonekwa, iyo yakaratidza kuve inozivikanwa kwazvo.
• 2000 - iyo C5 sedan debuts, iyo ingangodaro yakagadzirwa sekutsiva Xantia. Kutanga nayo, iyo "nguva" yemhando C. inotanga. Nyika yevatyairi inogamuchira minivan C8, C4 mota uye C2 mumitumbi ye hatchback, yemuguta C1 uye iyo C6 yakasarudzika sedan.
• 2002 imwe yemhando inozivikanwa yeC3 inoonekwa.

Nhasi, kambani iri kuenderera mberi nekuedza kuhwina rukudzo rwevateereri vepasirese nemakrossovers, mota dzakauchikwa uye homologation yemhando dzakakurumbira. Muna 2010, pfungwa yemagetsi eSurvolt modhi yakaunzwa.

Mukupedzisa, tinokurudzira kutarisa pfupi pfupiso yeiyo inozivikanwa DS mota yemakumi mashanu:

Mwarikadzi: mota yakanakisa kwazvo pasirese? Citroen DS (bvunzo uye nhoroondo)

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ko mota yeCitroen inogadzirwa kupi? Pakutanga, mhando dzeCitroen brand dzakaunganidzwa muFrance, uyezve kumafekitori enhoroondo muSpain: mumaguta eVigo, Onet-sous-Bois uye Ren-la-Jane. Iye zvino mota dzakaunganidzwa pamafekitori ePSA Peugeot Citroen. boka.

Ndedzipi mhando dzeCitroen brand? Rondedzero yemhando dzemhando dzinosanganisira: DS (1955), 2 CV (1963), Acadiane (1987), AMI (1977), BX (1982), CX (1984), AX (1986), Berlingo (2015), C1- C5, Jumper, nezvimwe.

Ndiani akatenga Citroen? Kubva 1991 yanga iri nhengo yePSA Peugeot Citroen boka. Muna 2021, boka rakamiswa nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kwemapoka ePSA neFiat Chrysler (FCA). Iye zvino yava Stellantis corporation.