Nhoroondo yekambani yemotokari Renault

Renault ndeimwe yemhando dzakakurumbira muEurope uye zvakare imwe yevakuru vekugadzira mota.

Groupe Renault inogadzira pasi rese mota, mavan, pamwe nematirakita, matangi uye mota dzenjanji.

Muna 2016, Renault yaive yepfumbamwe pakukura pakugadzira mota nehuwandu hwekugadzira, uye Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi-Alliance yaive yechina pakukura pakugadzira mota.

Asi Renault yakashanduka sei kupinda mumotokari nhasi?

Renault yakatanga riini kugadzira mota?

Renault yakavambwa muna 1899 seSociete Renault Freres nehama Louis, Marcel naFernand Renault. Louis anga atogadzira nekuvaka akawanda prototypes apo vanin'ina vake vainatsiridza hunyanzvi hwavo hwebhizinesi nekushandira yavo yababa machira femu. Yakashanda zvakanaka, Louis aive achitarisira dhizaini uye kugadzira, uye dzimwe hama mbiri dzaimhanyisa bhizinesi.

Renault yekutanga mota yaive iyo Renault Voiturette 1CV. Yakatengeswa kushamwari yemadzibaba avo muna 1898.

Muna 1903, Renault yakatanga kuburitsa injini dzayo, sezvavakange vatenga kare kubva kuDe Dion-Bouton. Kutengeswa kwavo kwekutanga kwevhoriyamu kwakaitika muna 1905 apo iyo Societe des Automobiles de Place yakatenga mota dzeRenault AG1. Izvi zvakaitirwa kugadzira matekisi, ayo akazoshandiswa nemauto eFrance kutakura mauto munguva yeHondo Yenyika I. Pakazosvika 1907, mamwe emataxi eLondon neParis akavakwa neRenault. Vaive zvakare yakatengeswa yepamusoro vatorwa mhando muNew York muna 1907 na1908. Panguva iyoyo, zvakadaro, mota dzeRenault dzaizivikanwa sezvinhu zvepamusoro. Idiki diki Renault dzakatengeswa neF3000 mafranc. Uyu waive muhoro wemushandi wepakati kwemakore gumi. Vakatanga kugadzirwa kwemazhinji muna 1905.

Yakanga iri nguva ino Renault paakasarudza kutora motorsport uye akazviitira mukurumbira nemakwikwi ayo ekutanga eguta neguta muSwitzerland. Vaviri Louis naMarseille vakamhanya, asi Marseille akafa mutsaona panguva yemakwikwi eParis-Madrid muna 1903. Louis haana kumhanyisa zvakare, asi kambani yakaramba ichikwikwidza.

Pakazosvika 1909, Louis ndiye ega hama yakasara mushure mekufa kwaFernand nekurwara. Renault yakazotumidzwazve zita rekuti Renault Automobile Company.

Chii chakaitika kuna Renault panguva yeHondo Yenyika I?

Munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yekutanga, Renault yakatanga kugadzira zvombo nemainjini enhandare yemauto. Sezvineiwo, injini dzekutanga dzeRoll-Royce ndege dzaive maRenault V8 mauniti.

Iwo magadzirirwo emauto aive akakurumbira zvekuti Louis akapihwa Legion of Honor nemipiro yake.

Mushure mehondo, Renault yakawedzera kugadzira michina yekurima neyemaindasitiri. Rudzi rweGP, Renault rekutanga tarakita, rakagadzirwa kubva muna1919 kusvika 1930 zvichienderana neFT tangi.

Nekudaro, Renault yakanetseka kukwikwidza nemota diki uye dzinodhura, musika wekutengesa wanga uchinonoka uye vashandi vari kudzora kukura kwekambani. Saka, muna 1920, Louis akasaina imwe yemakondirakiti ekutanga ekugovera naGustave Goede.

Kusvikira 1930, ese maRenault mamodheru aive neakasiyana maficha ekumberi. Izvi zvakakonzerwa nenzvimbo ye radiator kuseri kweinjini kuti iipe "kabhoneti kabhoni". Izvi zvakachinja muna 1930 pakaiswa redhiyeta kumberi mumhando. Yakanga iri nguva ino apo Renault yakachinja bheji rayo kuchimiro chedhaimani chatinoziva nhasi.

Renault mukupera kwema1920 nema1930

Mukupera kwema1920 uye nemuma1930 ese, iyo Renault nhepfenyuro yakaburitswa. Izvi zvinosanganisira 6cv, 10cv, Monasix uye Vivasix. Muna 1928, Renault yakaburitsa 45 809 mota. Mota diki ndidzo dzaive dzakakurumbira uye dzakakura, 18 / 24cv, ndidzo dzaive dzisinganyanyogadzirwa.

Musika weUK waive wakakosha kuRenault sezvo yaive hombe kwazvo. Idzo mota dzakashandurwa dzakatumirwa kubva kuGreat Britain kuenda kuNorth America. Pakazosvika 1928, zvakadaro, kutengesa muUnited States kwaive pedyo zero nekuda kwekuwanikwa kwevakwikwidzi vavo vakaita seCadillac.

Renault zvakare yakaramba ichiburitsa injini dzendege mushure meHondo Yenyika I. Muma1930 kambani yakatora kugadzirwa kweCaudron ndege. Akawanawo danda muAir France. Renault Cauldron ndege yakaisa akati wandei epasi kumhanya zvinyorwa muma1930.
Panguva imwecheteyo, Citroen akapfuura Renault semugadziri mukuru wemotokari muFrance.

Izvi zvaikonzerwa nekuti mhando dzeCitroen dzaive neunyanzvi uye dzakakurumbira kupfuura maRenault. Zvisinei, pakati pemakore ekuma1930, Kuderera Kukuru Kwehupfumi kwakatanga. Ipo Renault yakasiya kugadzirwa kwetirakita nezvombo, Citroen yakanzi haina mari uye yakazowanikwa neMichelin. Renault yakabva yatora mukombe weiyo huru yemotokari yeFrance. Vachachengetedza chinzvimbo ichi kusvika kuma1980.

Renault, zvisinei, anga asiri panjodzi yezvehupfumi uye akatengesa Coudron muna 1936. Izvi zvakateverwa nenhevedzano yemakakatanwa evashandi nekuramwa kuRenault uko kwakapararira kune indasitiri yemotokari. Makakatanwa aya akapera, zvichikonzera vanhu vanodarika zviuru zviviri kurasikirwa nemabasa.

Chii chakaitika kuna Renault panguva yeHondo Yenyika II?

Mushure mekunge maNazi atora France, Louis Renault akaramba kuburitsa matangi eNazi Germany. Asi, akavaka marori.

Muna Kurume 1932, yeBritish Air Force yakaparura mabhomba epasi padanho reBillancourt, akanyanya kubaya mabhomba muhondo yese. Izvi zvakakonzera kukuvara kwakakura uye kukuvara kwevanhu vazhinji. Kunyangwe ivo vakaedza kuvaka zvakare chirimwa nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona, maAmerican vakaibhomba kakawanda.

Mushure meHondo Yenyika II, chirimwa chakavhurwazve. Nekudaro, muna 1936 chirimwa chakawirwa nemhirizhonga yezvematongerwo enyika uye mhirizhonga dzemabhizimusi Izvi zvakazobuda pachena semhedzisiro yekutonga kwePamusoro Front. Mhirizhonga uye kurangana kwakatevera kusunungurwa kweFrance kwakatambudza fekitori. Kanzuru yeMakurukota yakatora chinzvimbo ichi pasi pesachigaro wa de Gaulle. Aive anopesana nemakomunisiti uye nezvematongerwo enyika, Billancourt aive dziviriro kuchikominisi.

Louis Renault akaenda kujeri riini?

Hurumende yepakati yakapomera Louis Renault yekudyidzana nemaGerman. Iyi yaive nguva yepashure perusununguko, uye kupomedzerwa kwakanyanya kwaiwanzoitika. Akarairwa kuti aite semutongi, uye akamira pamberi pemutongi munaGunyana 1944.

Pamwe chete nevamwe vatungamiriri vemigwagwa veFrance, akasungwa musi wa23 Gunyana 1944. Unyanzvi hwake mukutonga kuramwa mabasa mumakore gumi apfuura kwaireva kuti aive asina vezvematongerwo enyika uye hapana akamubatsira. Akaendeswa kujeri uye akafa musi waOctober 24, 1944, akamirira kutongwa.

Iyo kambani yakaitwa nyika mushure mekufa kwake, iwo chete mafekitori akatorwa zvachose nehurumende yeFrance. Renault mhuri akaedza kuchinja Nationalization, asi hazvina zvazvakabatsira.

Pashure pehondo Renault

Munguva yehondo, Louis Renault muchivande akavandudza 4CV yekumashure injini. Yakavambwa pasi pekutungamira kwaPierre Lefoschot muna 1946. Yakanga iri nharo yakasimba yeMorris Minor uye Volkswagen Beetle. Makopi anopfuura mazana mashanu ezviuru akatengeswa uye kugadzirwa kwakaramba kuri mukugadzira kusvika 500000.

Renault yakatanga yavo yemhando yepamusoro, iyo 2-litre 4-humburumbira Renault Fregate muna 1951. Izvi zvakateverwa neiyo Dauphine modhi, iyo yakatengesa zvakanaka mhiri kwemakungwa, kusanganisira Africa neNorth America. Zvisinei, yakakurumidza kupera yechinyakare kana ichienzaniswa nezvinodiwa zveChevrolet Corvair.

Dzimwe mota dzakaburitswa panguva iyi dzinosanganisira Renault 4, iyo yaikwikwidza neCitroen 2CV, pamwe neRenault 10 uye ine mukurumbira Renault 16. Yaive hatchback yakaburitswa muna 1966.

Renault akabatana riini neAmerican Motors Corporation?

Renault yaive nekubatana pamwe chete naNash Motors Rambler uye American Motors Corporation. Muna 1962, Renault akaunganidza iyo Rambler Classic sedan disassembly kits pamuti wayo muBelgium. Rambler Renault yaive imwe nzira kune mota dzeMercedes Fintail.

Renault yakabatana neAmerican Motors, vachitenga 22,5% yekambani muna 1979. Iyo R5 yaive yekutanga Renault modhi inotengeswa kuburikidza neAMC dealership. AMC yakapinda mune mamwe matambudziko uye ikazviwana yave padhuze nekubhuroka. Renault akaburitsa AMC nemari uye akazoguma ne47,5% yeAMC. Mhedzisiro yekudyidzana uku kushambadzira kweJeep mota muEurope. Renault mavhiri nezvigaro zvakashandiswawo.

Mushure mezvose, Renault akatengesa AMC kuna Chrysler zvichitevera kuurayiwa kwasachigaro weRenault, Georges Besse muna 1987. Renault kupinzwa kwakamira mushure ma1989.

Munguva iyi Renault yakagadzirawo mamwe makambani nevamwe vazhinji vanogadzira. Izvi zvaisanganisira Dacia muRomania neSouth America, pamwe neVolvo naPeugeot. Idzi dzekupedzisira dzaive kudyidzana kwetekinoroji uye kwakatungamira mukugadzirwa kweRenault 30, Peugeot 604 uye Volvo 260.

Peugeot payakawana Citroen, hukama neRenault hwakagumiswa, asi iko kugadzirwa kwakaenderera.

Georges Besse akaurayiwa riini?

Besse akazova mukuru weRenault muna Ndira 1985. Akabatana nekambani panguva iyo Renault yakanga isingabatsiri.

Pakutanga, anga asiri anozivikanwa kwazvo, mafekitori akavharwa uye akamisa vashandi vanopfuura zviuru makumi maviri. Bess akatsigira kudyidzana neAMC, iyo isiri munhu wese akabvumirana nezvayo. Akatengesa zvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira danda rake muVolvo, uye akapotsa abuditsa Renault kunze kwemotokari.

Nekudaro, Georges Besse akanyatso shandura kambani ikamhan'ara purofiti mwedzi mishoma asati afa.

Akaurayiwa neAction Directe, boka revapanduki, uye vakadzi vaviri vakasungwa vakapomedzerwa kuponda kwake. Vaiti akaurayiwa nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kuRenault. Iyo mhondi yaive zvakare yakabatana nekutaurirana maererano nekambani yenyukireya yeEurodif.
Raymond Levy akatsiva Bess, uyo akaramba achicheka kambani. Muna 1981, iyo Renault 9 yakaburitswa, iyo yakavhoterwa European Car yeGore. Yakatengesa zvakanaka muFrance asi yakazokundwa neRenault 11.

Renault yakaburitsa riini Clio?

Renault Clio yakaburitswa muna Chivabvu 1990. Iyo yaive yekutanga modhi umo madhijitari madhijitari akatsiviwa nemazita epamba. Yakavhoterwa European Car yeGore uye yaive imwe yemotokari dzakatengwa kwazvo muEurope muma1990. Akagara ari mutengesi mukuru uye anozivikanwa zvikuru nekudzosera mukurumbira weRenault.

Renault Clio 16V Yakajeka Nicole Papa Commerce

Chizvarwa chechipiri Clio chakaburitswa munaKurume 1998 uye chaive chakatenderera kupfuura chakatangira. Muna 2001, kukwidziridzwa kukuru kwakaitwa, panguva iyo kuonekwa kwakachinjwa uye injini ye 1,5-lita yakawedzerwa. Clio yaive muchikamu chechitatu muna 2004, uye chechina muna 2006. Yakanga iine restyled kumashure pamwe neyakagadziridzwa yakatarwa kune ese mamodheru.

Iyo yazvino Clio iri muChikamu 2009 uye yakaburitswa muna Kubvumbi XNUMX ine yekugadziriswazve kumberi kumagumo.

Muna 2006, yakatumidzwa zvakare European Car yeGore, ichiita imwe chete yemotokari nhatu kupihwa zita iri. Mamwe maviri aive Volkswagen Golf uye Opel (Vauxhall) Astra.

Renault yakabvisirwa rini?

Zvirongwa zvekutengesa zvikamu kune varimi vehurumende zvakaziviswa muna 1994, uye muna 1996 Renault yakanga yakachengetedzwa zvizere. Izvi zvaireva kuti Renault inogona kudzokera kumisika yeEastern Europe neSouth America.

Muna Zvita 1996, Renault yakabatana naGeneral Motors Europe kugadzira mota dzekutengesa dzakareruka, kutanga nechizvarwa chechipiri Trafic.

Nekudaro, Renault aive achiri kutsvaga wekudyidzana naye kuti agone kusimbisa indasitiri.

Renault yakagadzira riini mubatanidzwa neNissan?

Renault akapinda mukutaurirana neBMW, Mitsubishi neNissan, uye mubatanidzwa neNissan wakatanga munaKurume 1999.

Renault-Nissan Alliance ndiyo yaive yerudzi rwayo kusanganisa mabhurandi eJapan neFrance. Renault yakatanga yawana chikamu che36,8% muNissan, nepo Nissan ichibva yawana chikamu che15% chekusavhota muRenault. Renault yakanga ichiri kambani yakazvimiririra, asi yakabatana neNissan kudzikisa mutengo. Vakaitawo tsvagiridzo pamwechete pamisoro senge zero-emission yekufambisa.

Pamwe chete, iyo Renault-Nissan Alliance inodzora gumi gumi kusanganisira Infiniti, Dacia, Alpine, Datsun, Lada neVenucia. Mitsubishi akapinda muAlliance gore rino (2017) uye pamwe chete ndivo vanogadzira epasi rese emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi ane vashandi vanosvika mazana mana nemakumi mashanu ezviuru. Pamwe chete ivo vanotengesa pamusoro pe450 mune gumi mota pasirese.

Renault nemagetsi motokari

Renault yaive # 2013 inotengesa mota yemagetsi muna XNUMX.

Renault yakapinda muzvibvumirano zve zero-emission muna 2008, kusanganisira muPortugal, Denmark neUS States dzeTennessee neOregon.

Iyo Renault Zoe ndiyo yaive yakanyanya kutengesa ese-yemagetsi mota muEurope muna 2015 ine 18 kunyoresa. Zoe yakaramba iri yepamusoro yekutengesa motokari yemagetsi muEurope muhafu yekutanga ye453. Zoe inotora chikamu che2016% chekutengesa kwavo motokari dzemagetsi pasi rose, Kangoo ZE 54% uye Twizy 24%. sales.

Izvi zvinonyanya kutisvitsa kuzuva ranhasi. Renault inozivikanwa kwazvo muEurope uye mota dzemagetsi dzave kuve dzakakurumbira sekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji. Renault inoronga kuunza yakazvimiririra tekinoroji yemotokari muna 2020, uye iyo Zoe-based Inotevera Mbiri yakavhurwa muna Kukadzi 2014.

Renault inoenderera mberi iine nzvimbo yakakosha muindasitiri yemotokari uye tinofunga kuti ichaenderera kwenguva yakati.