Test drive Ford Focus, Opel Astra, Renault Megane, VW Gorofu: mukwikwidzi anoyevedza

Chizvarwa chitsva cheAstra chinotaridzika zvakanaka uye chine simba, asi izvo hazvipedze zvishuvo zvemuenzaniso - chinangwa, senguva dzose, inzvimbo yekutanga mukirasi inokwikwidzwa yekompakiti.

Kuti uite basa iri, modhi yaRüsselsheim semutambi akasimbiswa achafanirwa kukwikwidza nemakwikwi makukutu. Iyo Ford Focus, kuwedzera kutsva kuRenault Megane uye Gorofu isingadzivisike inoenderera ichishanda sechiyero mune ino mota chikamu. Yekutanga nhangemutange mushanduro pamwe peturu injini kubva 122 kusvika 145 zvapano.

Zvikuru zvinotarisirwa

Tichitarisa kumashure, mazita evazhinji ve "makiyi modhi", "yekutanga magadzirirwo" uye "tariro nyowani" iyo Opel yakaunza mumakore mashoma apfuura inogona kuvhiringa. Zafira, Meriva, Astra H, Insignia ... Iye zvino inguva yeAstra zvakare, nguva ino ine tsamba yakasiyana-siyana J - ndiko kuti, chizvarwa chechipfumbamwe chemuenzaniso we compact, iyo mumazuva akanaka ekare mumisika yekondinendi yeEurope yaiva. anonzi Kadett. Sezvingatarisirwa, kubvira pakutanga, hutsva hwakanzi "hunouraya" nevagadziri vahwo uye hwakaremerwa kumuromo netarisiro uye tariro yakajeka.

Mutoro unoratidzawo muhuremu hwake hwe1462 kilograms, inova 10% kupfuura iyo yeakapinda muyedzo. Zvechokwadi, chinangwa chakakodzera mune izvi ndechekuwedzera zviyero zvemuenzaniso mutsva - Astra J yakareba 17 centimeters, 6,1 centimita yakafara uye 5 centimita yakakwirira kupfuura yakatangira, uye wheelbase yakawedzera ne 7,1 masentimita. , XNUMX masendimita. Zvese izvi zvinokurudzira tarisiro dzakakomba dzemukati wakakura kwazvo, izvo, zvinosuruvarisa, zvinoramba zvisina maturo.

Aripi aya masendimita gumi nemanomwe?

Pakutanga kuona, hazvisi pachena zvachose kuti uku kuwanda kwemasendimita kwakanyangarika kupi, asi pakunyatsoongorora, iyo yakareba mberi inoshamisa, ndicho chikonzero mukati memotokari yakadzoserwa kumashure. Iyo inotsvedza padenga remba uye bulky chiridzwa pani zvakare inosundidzira mutsara wepamberi wezvigaro kumashure, zvichidzikamisa kunzwa kwenzvimbo kumutyairi uye kumberi mutyairi. Mukuwedzera, zvisinei, Astra inotarisira kunyaradzwa kwezvigaro zvepamberi, ichiisa pa (yakajairwa yeSport version) zvigaro zvakaderera-zvakaremara zvakanakisa kugadzikana kwemashure uye kutsigirwa kwemashure. Chikonzero chega chekutsoropodza kwavo ndechekugadzirisa kwakakasharara kwekurerekera kwemashure.

Mutsara wekumashure unopa zvakanyanya mamwe mapoinzi ereferensi yezviyero zvisina kunaka. Nzvimbo yacho ishoma zvokuti inomutsa kusava nechokwadi kwakakomba pamusoro pemotokari yekirasi yecompact. Kubva pane yakazara uye yemazuva ano kopi yechikamu ichi, munhu anofanirwa kutarisira kurarama kwakanaka uye kunenge kwakanaka kwekufamba kunyaradza maererano nekunyaradza. NeAstra, izvi zvinogona kuva dambudziko, mabvi achisundira kumashure uye asingazorori makumbo achitsvaga nzvimbo pasi pechigaro chepamberi. Manzwiro emota yekirasi diki anosimudzirwa nenzvimbo yakamanikana yegirazi uye mbiru dzakakura dzekumashure, uye kazhinji, vafambi vakareba kupfuura 1,70 metres havakurudzirwe kugara kumashure. Uyezve, zvidziviriro zvemusoro hazvigone kugadziriswa kupfuura iyi urefu ...

Hunde hainawo kuunza kuchema kwechido. Huwandu hwayo hunoenderana neiyo yekirasi, uye nzvimbo yakatsetseka inogona kuumbwa chete nerubatsiro rwepasi kaviri, kuenzanisa iyo yakakwirira yemukati chikumbaridzo nekuda kwekukwirira kwechikamu chemitoro. Panyaya yekuchinjika, iyo Astra inopa yakafanana neiyo yeGorofu uye inogumira kune asymmetrically yakakamurwa uye kupeta kumashure kwechigaro chemashure. MuFocus neMegane, zvigaro zvinogona zvakare kupetwa pasi - kuwedzera kunoshanda uko, zvisinei, kwete tekinoroji inogoneka nhasi.

140 "mabhiza, uye chii ...

Sezvo kuwedzera kwehukuru hweiyo Astra hakuna kutungamira kune yepamusoro hunhu, tinogona kuitarisira kubva pakuderedzwa kwehukuru hweinjini? Kufanana nevakwikwidzi vayo kubva kuVW neRenault, mainjiniya eOpel vakasarudza mubatanidzwa wediki 1,4-litre ina-humburumbira injini uye turbocharged supercharging system. Kumanikidzwa kwe1,1 bar kunounza simba reinjini yakadzivirirwa zvishoma kusvika ku140 hp, asi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvisingazivikanwe inokundikana kushandura ukuru hwayo pamusoro peinjini dzeGorofu neMegane kuita masimba ari nani uye hunhu mukuita. ...

Minimal lag in sprint disciplines inenge isingaonekwe, asi zvakafanana hazvigone kutaurwa kune elasticity - yakarebesa yechitanhatu giya reiyo chaiyo yekufambisa inodhura simba rakawandisa paAstra, uye panjanji unogona kudzika kusvika kuchina. Izvi, zvakare, zvinopa mupiro usingadiwi kune yakatonyatsotsanangurwa kuda kweinjini nyowani, iyo mune iyi inoramba iri pazasi pezvinotarisirwa uye, zvinonyanya kukosha, pazasi pezvakanakisa zveAstra chassis.

Classic chirongwa

Kusiyana neFocus neGorofu, axle yekumashure yecompact Opel inoongorora kushandiswa kwedunhu rakasununguka rakazvimiririra uye inotsvaga kuvandudza torsion bar nekuwedzera Watt block inovandudza hunhu hweaxle. Kurongeka kunofadza nehupamhi hwekunyaradza uye kusimbiswa kwemasimba, uye zvose zviri zviviri zvemaitiro zvinogona kusimbiswazve nenzira yakakodzera yeFlex-Ride system inogadzirisa (kune imwe mari yekuwedzera). Kuwedzera kune damper maitiro, kusarudzwa kweMutambo kana Kushanya kunobata zvinopesvedzera mhinduro yeaccelerator pedal, pamwe nerutsigiro rwunopihwa simba rekufambisa kune rakananga uye rakananga kutungamira. Pasinei nemhando yakasarudzwa, iyo Astra kumiswa inovimbisa kugadzikana kwepamusoro munzira uye maitiro akachengeteka. Kutsoropodza chete kunogona kunangidzirwa kune kazhinji munyoro uye nekunyatsoteerera ESP hurongwa, iyo mumigwagwa yakanyorova inopindira kunonoka uye nekutya kukuru mukurwisa kusimba kwakasimba kwekuita understeer - mhedzisiro yekubvisa imwe pfungwa muchikamu chinoenderana.

Musiyano wezera

Nekudaro, kunyangwe paine zvikanganiso zvese, Astra zvirokwazvo akakwanisa kubvisa zita remutyairi weEuropean compact mumugwagwa kubva kuFocus. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo modhi yeFord zvirokwazvo haidi kukanda mapfumo pasi pasina kurwira kumukwikwidzi wayo makore mashanu mudiki, kwete chete muhondo muchirango ichi. Anoshanda mumugwagwa anobata netambo yakatwasuka, yakati simbei inosanganiswa neyakagamuchirwa kutyaira kunyaradza, zvinogutsa zvemukati zvigadzirwa uye nekugadzira, izvo zviri pachena kuti hazvisi pakati pesimba guru reFocus. Kune rimwe divi, iyo Cologne inomira kureba kwayo maererano nenhumbi nzvimbo uye kutyaira mhando.

Mukuenzanisa uku, Ford ndiyo chete inotsamira pane yakasikwa injini. Uye nechikonzero chakanaka - yavo XNUMX-litre injini inopindura zvakanyanya nekukurumidza kupfuura kukwikwidza turbocharged injini uye inoda hupenyu nekumhanya kwakanyanya, izvo zvinonyatso kufadza iyo chaiyo-inoshandura shanu-yekumhanya gearbox ine mapfupi magiya. Mukupedzisira, iyi inoita kunge yakapusa musanganiswa inotaridzika zvakanyanya kugutsa kupfuura iyo Astra's kwete-so-yakadzikama yekufambisa maitiro. Chokwadi, ruzha mwero wakakwira zvishoma, asi elasticity iri nani, kushandiswa kwemafuta kuri nani. Mukupedzisira, zvakadaro, Opel inokwanisa kudarika Ford zvishoma muzvikamu. Izvi zvinotsigirwa nezvigaro zvakagadzikana uye yakawedzera yakanakisa adaptive bi-xenon headlight system ine makona, mugwagwa mukuru uye mugwagwa wekutyaira mabasa, ayo iyo Astra inogamuchira iyo yakanyanya nhamba yemapoinzi.

Wakashongedzerwa kumeno

Megane inokwira muchikamu chemidziyo. Iyo yakasarudzika yakasarudzika Luxe vhezheni inopenya neyakajairwa yakasarudzika sematehwe upholstery uye sisitimu yekufambisa iyo vakwikwidzi vanogona kungotsvuka zvine mwero. Kabhini nzvimbo anoenda kure pfungwa opulence - uye muna Megane zviri chete chaizvo yakafara pamberi zvigaro zviviri, nepo shure vafambi vanofanira kutsungirira zvakafanana zvakafanana muAstra. Pasinei nekumiswa kwakasimba uye chikamu chipfupi chakareba chezvigaro, zvisinei, Megane inogona kunzi yakanyatsokodzera nzendo refu, uye kukosha mune izvi ndekwebasa rakanyatsorongeka rekufambisa.

Renault's 1,4-litre turbocharged injini inogadzira 130 hp. uye 190 Nm, inoshanda chinyararire, yakadzikama uye inoratidza yakanakisa elasticity. Iwo matanhatu-anomhanya giya bhokisi zvirokwazvo haisi epitome yekuchinja chaiko, asi kuiswa kwayo kwegiya kunogona kuve muenzaniso wemakwikwi. Pano, zvisinei, huzivi hwekudzikisira hunoita sehusati hwakura uye husina kujeka muhunhu hwahwo - nemaitiro mashoma ekutyaira, mari inochengetwa inogoneka, asi muhupenyu hwemazuva ese, zvibodzwa zvinorehwa zvekudzikisa mutoro zviri kupera zvishoma nezvishoma.

Maitiro emuFrench ane torsion bar kumashure haabatsiri kubva kune zvisina kunanga, akadudzwa synthetic kunzwa mudhiraivha, asi kusarerekera kugadziridzwa kwekumiswa kwake ivimbiso yechokwadi yemaitiro akachengeteka kunyangwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Mukuita, Astra yakakwanisa kuipfuura munzvimbo yekupedzisira chete nekuda kwekunyanya kuipa kwemidziyo yekuchengetedza, kushaikwa kwechizvino-zvino chigadziriso chekuvhenekesa uye mabhureki madaro marefu paasphalt ine imwe grip (µ-split).

Kirasi yekureva

Izvo zvinosiya gorofu. Uye anoramba achitarisira. Kwete chete nekuda kwekuti chinyorwa chechitanhatu hachibvumiri zvikanganiso uye kushaya simba, asi zvakare nekuda kwekushandisa kwakaringana kweese aripo anogona emuenzaniso. Sezvamunoziva, vazhinji vanowana dhizaini ye "vatanhatu" zvakare mashoma uye anofinha, asi chokwadi chisingarambike ndechekuti mavhoriyamu ane mitsetse ane makona anofanirwa kune kabhini rakakura kwazvo mukuenzanisa uku, kunyangwe hurefu hwekunze kweWolfsburg huri hudiki. Gorofu inopa nzvimbo yakakwana uye zvigaro zvakagadzikana zvevatakuri mumitsara miviri, uye pamwe nezvakanaka zvakanakisa zvekutengesa kwehunhu hwakanaka uye mashandiro epamusoro akasanganiswa nekureruka nekuteerera, chizvarwa chechitanhatu chinonakidza nekunakidzwa kwekutyaira kwekutyaira. uye yakawanda nzira yemagetsi. Sezvakaita neAstra, zvinhu zviviri izvi zvehunhu hweGorofu zvinogona kukwidziridzwa pamutengo wekuwedzera uchishandisa iyo yemagetsi inogadzirisa damper kutonga.

Iyo compact Volkswagen haina kwayakarerekera mumakona, mudhiraivho wakanyatsojeka uye wakasarudzika, uye iyo ESP system inoitwa kuti iite kutanga uye nekupindira kwechiedza kunobatsira kudzvinyirira tsika yekudzikira mumuganho modhi. Icho chokwadi chekuti Gorofu inorasikirwa neAstra mukuzvibata kwehunhu zvinobudirira kuripwa neinoshamisika diki kutenderera denderedzwa. Pasina kutaura, kutaridzika kwechigaro chemutyairi kunoita kuti zvinyanye kusununguka kushandisa munzvimbo dzemadhorobha pane pasina mubvunzo zvakanyanya kushomeka Astra.

Kukura hakubatsiri

Kune iyi injini, VW mainjiniya anoisa mukuwedzera kwesimba kwewetekiniki kupfuura chero imwe injini yakayedzwa, ichiratidza nzira kwayo yekushandisa zvakazara zano rekudzikisa basa. Iyo injini ye1,4-liter Wolfsburg injini haina turbocharger chete, asi zvakare inonanga mafuta system jekiseni. Iko hakuna kuramba kuti iyo turbocharged injini haina isina ayo akajairika marudzi emakaro mune ine simba dhiraivha dhizaini, asi zvakazara VW's yepamusoro-tekinoroji kusimudzira inopa kwakanyanya zviri nani mafuta hupfumi kupfuura ayo anokwikwidza.

Iko kushaikwa kwemabhiza gumi neshanu pamusoro peiyo Astra hachisi chinhu chinorema kurema kweGorofu, uye kupindura kuri nani kweTSI uye kutsetseka hazvirambike. Injini inofamba mushe kunyangwe iri yepamusoro-soro yemagiya matanhatu ine giya rinosuduruka uye rakanyatsochinja uye rinofukidza zviri nyore 18 kusvika 1500 rpm renji.

Kunze kwezvakanakira maererano nekuvhenekesa uye fenicha, Astra haina chakanyanya kuisa njodzi mukwikwidzi wayo akajeka - kutaura zvazviri, kureba pakati pevashori vekusingaperi vezvizvarwa zvitsva hakuna kuderera, asi kwakawedzera mukufarira mumiriri weVW. Gorofu VI inoramba iri pamusoro-notch, ukuwo Astra J achizofanirwa kubvuma basa remutambi ane chishuwo akazvimisa zvakanyanya uye zvakaoma kuzadzisa zvinangwa.

chinyorwa: Sebastian Renz

mufananidzo: Hans-Dieter Zeifert

Kukoshesa

1. VW Gorofu 1.4 TSI Comfortline - 501 points

Iyo Gorofu inoramba iri nhamba yekutanga yekubata kwayo kwakanakisa, yakafara coupe, yekutanga-kirasi kuita, kunyaradza kwepamusoro uye mafuta anoshanda TSI injini. Izvo zvisina kunaka mutengo wakakwira.

2. Ople Astra 1.4 Turbo Sport - 465 points

Pasinei nekumiswa kwakanakisa, iyo Astra inokwanisa kudzivirira chete nzvimbo yechipiri. Zvikonzero zvekunyepa uku muinjini yakakura uye neyakaganhurirwa saizi yekamuri.

3. Ford Focus 2.0 16V Titanium - 458 points

Kunyangwe aine makore mashanu ekuzvarwa, iyo Focus inenge iri padivi neiyo Astra nyowani, ichiratidza nzvimbo yakafaranuka uye kushandiswa kwemafuta zvine musoro. Izvo zvakanyanya kukanganisa kuita uye kunyaradza.

4. Renault Megane TCE 130 - 456 points

Megan ari kuseri kwemakwikwi. Simba rayo rakanakisa midziyo uye injini inoshanduka, uye zvipingamupinyi zvayo zvikuru ndezvokushandisa mafuta uye nzvimbo muimba.

ruzivo rwehunyanzvi

1. VW Gorofu 1.4 TSI Comfortline - 501 points	2. Ople Astra 1.4 Turbo Sport - 465 points	3. Ford Focus 2.0 16V Titanium - 458 points	4. Renault Megane TCE 130 - 456 points
Kushanda vhoriyamu	-	-	-	-
Simba rekushandisa	122 k. Kubva. pa5000 rpm	140 k. Kubva. pa4900 rpm	145 ks pa6000 rpm	130 k. Kubva. pa5500 rpm
Maximum torque	-	-	-	-
Kukurumidza 0-100 km / h	9,8 s	10,2 s	9,6 s	9,8 s
Braking marefu pakumhanya kwe100 km / h	39 m	38 m	38 m	39 m
Maximum speed	200 km / h	202 km / h	206 km / h	200 km / h
Avhareji yekushandisa mafuta mumuedzo	8,5 l	9,3 l	8,9 l	9,5 l
Mutengo wepasi	35 466 levov	36 525 levov	35 750 levov	35 300 levov

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