Ferrari

Содержание ОсновательЭмблемаИстория автомобиля в моделяхВопросы и ответы: Компания Ferrari славится стильными спорткарами с элегантными формами. Uyezve, pfungwa iyi inogona kuteverwa mumhando dzose dzemhando. Munguva yese yekuvandudzwa kwemitambo yemotokari, yaive iyi kambani yeItaly yakaisa toni kune mijaho mizhinji. Chii chakakonzera kukurumidza kukura kwakadaro mukuzivikanwa kwechiratidzo munyika ye motorsport? Heino nyaya yacho. Muvambi Kambani ine chikwereti chemukurumbira wayo kune muvambi wayo, uyo kwemakumi maviri emakore akashanda mumafekitori eakasiyana-siyana ekugadzira mota dzeItaly, nekuda kwaakatora ruzivo rwevazhinji vavo. Enzo Ferrari akaberekwa muna 98 yezana remakore rechi19. Imwe nyanzvi yechidiki inowana basa kuAlfa Romeo, iyo yave ichikwikwidza mumakwikwi emotokari kwenguva yakati. Auto racing inobvumira mota kuti dziedzwe pasi pemamiriro ekushanda zvakanyanya, saka mutyairi anogona kunzwisisa zviri nani izvo mota inoda kuti ikwanise kufamba nekukurumidza isina kuparara. Ichi chiitiko chidiki chakabatsira Enzo kuenda kunzvimbo yehunyanzvi mukugadzirira mota makwikwi, uye kuti abudirire, nekuti aive nechokwadi kubva pane zvaakazvionera izvo zvemazuva ano zvaizobudirira. Pahwaro hwechirimwa chimwechete cheItaly, iyo Scuderia Ferrari racing division yakavambwa (1929). Iri boka raidzora chirongwa chese cheAlfa Romeo racing kusvika mukupera kwema1930. Muna 1939, rondedzero yevagadziri veModena yakawedzera mutsva uyo aizoenda kunove mumwe weakasarudzika emhando dzemotokari dzemitambo munhoroondo yemotokari. Iyo kambani yakanzi Auto-Avio Construzioni naEnzo Ferrari. Pfungwa huru yemuvambi yaive yekusimudzira mitambo yemotokari, asi aifanira kutora mari kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kugadzira mota dzemitambo. Akanga asina chokwadi nemotokari dzemugwagwa, uye akazviona sezvakaipa uye zvisingadzivisiki izvo zvakabvumira kuti brand irambe iri mumotokari. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chega chakaita kuti mhando dzemigwagwa mitsva dzibviswe pamutsetse wegungano nguva nenguva. Iyo brand yakakurumbira kune yakasarudzika uye inoyevedza muviri silhouettes emhando dzakawanda. Izvi zvakafambiswa nekushandira pamwe neakasiyana tuning masitudiyo. Iyo kambani yaigara mutengi weTouring kubva kuMilan, asi mukuru "mutengesi" weakasarudzika pfungwa dzemuviri yaive PininFarina studio (unogona kuverenga nezve iyi studio mune imwe wongororo). Emblem Chiratidzo chine bhiza rekurera chakaonekwa kubva pakaumbwa chikamu chemitambo cheAlfa Romeo, mugore rechi29. Asi motokari imwe neimwe yakakwidziridzwa neboka yakanga ine chiratidzo chakasiyana - mugadziri wemotokari, pasi pehutungamiriri iyo boka rinotungamirirwa naEnzo rakashanda. Nhoroondo yechiratidzo inotanga apo Ferrari akaita semujaho wefekitari. Sezvo Enzo pachake akayeuka, mushure memujaho unotevera, akasangana nababa vake Francesco Baracca (mutyairi wendege akashandisa mufananidzo webhiza rekurera mundege yake). Mudzimai wake akakurudzira kushandisa logo yemwanakomana wake akafa muhondo. Kubva panguva iyoyo, iyo label yemhando yakakurumbira haina kuchinja, uye yakatoonekwa semhuri yenhaka yakachengetwa neautomaker. Nhoroondo yemotokari mumhando Imotokari yekutanga yemugwagwa yakagadzirwa naFerrari yakaonekwa pasi pezita rekambani AA Connstruzioni. Yaiva modhi 815, pasi pehodhi yayo yaive 8-cylinder simba unit ine volume yerita nehafu. 1946 - kutanga nhoroondo Ferrari motokari. Mota yekutanga inobuda neyakakurumbira yekurera stallion pane yero kumashure. Muenzaniso 125 wakagamuchira 12-cylinder aruminiyamu injini. Inosanganisira pfungwa yemuvambi wekambani - kugadzira motokari yemugwagwa nekukurumidza, pasina kupa nyaradzo. 1947 - modhi yatova nemhando mbiri dzemotor. Pakutanga, yaive 1,5-litre unit, asi iyo 166 vhezheni yatove kugamuchira maviri-lita shanduko. 1948 - Huwandu hushoma hwemotokari dzakakosha dzeSpyder Corsa dzinogadzirwa, dzakatendeuka zviri nyore kubva kumota dzemumugwagwa kuenda kumota dzeFormula 2. Zvaikwana kungobvisa mafenda nemalights. 1948 - Ferrari nhabvu timu inohwina iyo Mille-Mile uye Targa-Florio makwikwi. 1949 - Kukunda kwekutanga munhangemutange yakakosha yevagadziri - 24 Le-Mann. Kubva panguva ino inotanga nyaya inoshamisa inonakidza yekukonana pakati pehofori mbiri dzemotokari - Ford neFerrari, iyo inodzokororwa inowanikwa muzvinyorwa zvevatungamiriri vakasiyana-siyana vemafirimu. 1951 - kugadzirwa kweiyo 340 America modhi ine 4,1 litre injini inotanga, iyo makore maviri gare gare yakagashira ine simba inosvika 4,5 litita emagetsi. 1953 - nyika yevatyairi inosangana nemhando yeEuropa 250, pasi pehood yaive nemota-matatu yemoto injini yemoto. 1954 - kutanga ne250 GT, kubatana kwepedyo nePininfarin dhizaini studio inotanga. 1956 - Iyo yakaganhurwa edition 410 Super America inooneka. Pakazara, gumi nemana mayunitsi emota yakasarudzika akakungurutswa kubva pamutsetse wegungano. Vapfumi vashomanana chete ndivo vaikwanisa kuiwana. 1958 - vatyairi kuwana mukana kutenga 250 Testa Rossa; 1959 - A stylized 250 GT California inooneka, iyo yakagadzirwa kuti iodha. Yakanga iri imwe yeakanyanya kubudirira kuvhurwa shanduko yeF250. 1960 - Iyo yekutanga GTE 250 yekumhanyisa mhiko yakavakirwa pane inozivikanwa 250 modhi. 1962 - Kutangwa kweanoyevedza modhi, iyo inozivikanwa zvakare pakati pevateresi vemotokari - Berlinetta Lusso. Iyo yakanyanya kumhanya yemotokari yemugwagwa yaingopfuura 225 km / h. 1964 - Iyo 330 GT inotangwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo homologation yeakakurumbira 250 akateedzana - GTO yakaburitswa. Motokari yakagamuchira matatu-litre V-yakaita injini ine 12 cylinders, iyo simba rayo rakasvika 300 horsepower. A 5-speed gearbox yakabvumira motokari kuti iwedzere kusvika makiromita 283 paawa. Muna 2013, rimwe remakopi makumi matatu nemapfumbamwe rakaenda pasi penyundo nemamiriyoni makumi mashanu nemaviri emadhora. madhora. 1966 - itsva V-yakaumbwa injini modhi yemasilinda gumi nemaviri inooneka. Iyo gasi yekugovera michina ikozvino yaive neina camshafts (maviri emusoro wega wega). Ichi chikwata chakagamuchira dry sump system. 1968 - Imwe yeanonyanya kuratidzwa Daytona mamodheru akaunzwa. Kunze, motokari yakanga isina kufanana nevakatangira, yakanga yakasiyana nekuzvidzora. Asi kana mutyairi akasarudza kuratidza kushanda kwayo, ipapo nepamusoro kumhanya 282 km / h. vanhu vashoma vanogona kuzvibata. 1970 - Iwo atove akajairwa voluminous fenders uye mwenje wepamusoro ane oblique akachekwa anoonekwa mukugadzirwa kweakakurumbira mota dzemitambo mota. Mumwe wevamiririri ava ndiye Dino modhi. Kwenguva yakati, iyo Dino mota yakagadzirwa semhando yakasiyana. Kazhinji, pasi pehodhi yemotokari idzi, dzisiri-standard motors dzakashandiswa, dzakadai seV-6 2,0 yemabhiza 180, iyo yakawanikwa pa 8 zviuru zvekuchinja. 1971 - kuoneka kwemitambo vhezheni yeBerlinetta Boxer. Iyo yakasarudzika yemota iyi yaive mota yebhokisi, pamwe nekuti giya bhokisi raive pasi payo. Iyo chassis yaive yakavakirwa pane tubular furemu ine simbi muviri mapaneru, akafanana neshanduro dzemujaho. Kusvika kutanga kwema1980, vatengi vakapihwa shanduko dzakasiyana dzemota 308GT4, iyo yakapfuura nepaPininfarina dhizaini studio. 1980s - Imwe yengano modhi inooneka - Testarossa. Motokari yemitambo yemumugwagwa yakagamuchira injini yemoto yemukati-mamita mashanu ine mavharuvhu maviri ekutora uye emhepo kune imwe neimwe yemasilinda gumi nemaviri, ane simba raive 12 horsepower. Motokari yakawedzera kusvika 274 km / h. 1987 - Enzo Ferrari inobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwemuenzaniso mutsva - F40. Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuratidza kuedza kwekambani mukuvapo kwayo. Motokari yegore negore yakagamuchira injini yakareba yakareba 8-cylinder, iyo yakaiswa pane tubular furemu, iyo yakasimbiswa neKevlar mahwendefa. Mota yainge isina kana nyaradzo - yanga isina kana kugadzirisa chigaro. Kumiswa kwacho kwaipfuudza bundu rese munzira kuenda kumutumbi. Yakanga iri chaiyo mota yemujaho, ichiratidza pfungwa huru yemuridzi wekambani - nyika inongoda mota dzemitambo chete: ichi ndicho chinangwa chemichina nzira. 1988 - iyo kambani inorasikirwa nemuvambi wayo, mushure mezvo ichipinda muFiat, iyo kusvika zvino yatove nehafu yemasheya echiratidzo. 1992 - Iyo Geneva Motor Show inopa kumashure-vhiri dhiraivha 456 GT coupe uye GTA modhi kubva kuPininfarina studio. 1994 - bhajeti yemitambo mota F355 inoonekwa, zvakare yakapfuura nepakati peiyo dhizaini studio. 1996 - Ferrari 550 Maranello debuts; 1999 - kupera kwemireniyamu yechipiri kwakaratidzwa nekubudiswa kweimwe dhizaini modhi - 360 Modena, iyo yakaratidzwa paGeneva Motor Show. 2003 - imwe thematic modhi inoratidzwa kune auto world - Ferrari Enzo, iyo yakaburitswa mukukudza yakakurumbira mugadziri. Mota yakagamuchira rondedzero yeFormula 1 mota. A 12-cylinder ICE ine 6 litres uye 660 hp yakasarudzwa semagetsi emagetsi. Kusvikira ku100 km / h, motokari inomhanya mumasekonzi 3,6, uye muganho wekumhanya unosvika mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu. Pamwe chete, 400 vakasiya mutsetse wegungano vasina kopi imwe chete. Asi chete fan yechokwadi yemhando yacho inogona kuodha mota, sezvo zvaive zvakafanira kubhadhara zviuru mazana mashanu emaeuro pairi, uyezve nekutanga kurongeka. 2018 - CEO wekambani inozivisa kuti budiriro iri kuenderera pane supercar yemagetsi. Munhoroondo yese yemhando, mota zhinji dzemitambo dzinoyevedza dzakaunzwa, idzo dzichiri kuchiva nevazhinji vateresi. Pamusoro perunako, mota idzi dzaive nesimba guru. Semuenzaniso, mota dzeF1, dzakakunda kukunda kwemukurumbira Michael Schumacher, dzaibva kuFerrari. Heino ongororo yevhidhiyo yeimwe yeazvino mhando dzekambani - LaFerrari: Mibvunzo neMhinduro: Ndiani akauya neiyo Ferrari logo? Yakagadzirwa uye yakagadzira logo yeItaly mhando yemitambo mota brand muvambi - Enzo Ferrari. Munguva yekuvapo kwekambani, iyo logo yakagadziridzwa akati wandei. Chii chinonzi Ferrari logo? Chinhu chakakosha chechiratidzo ibhiza rekurera.